I-Biograge
UMikhail Loris Melikov akakwazanga ukwenza umsebenzi wezempi kuphela, kodwa futhi wazibonakalisa njengomphathi onethalente noguquko. Ungene endabeni njengomuntu owayefuna ukufeza ushintsho emphakathini waseRussia awuguquki, kodwa indlela yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kodwa ayikaze yezwe.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMikhail Loris Melikov wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 1824 eTiflis (Tbilisi) kanye ne-Armenian ngobuzwe. I-warlord yesikhathi esizayo yaqhamuka esigungwini esidala, esivela ekhulwini le-XVI.
Ubaba wayengumthengisi futhi eholwa yi-leipzig. Wayefuna indlalifa yathola imfundo ehle, futhi yamthumela eLazarevian Institute. Kepha uMikhail osemusha washeshe wawukhishelwa i-hooliganism, wabe esethuthela eSt. Petersburg ukuzofunda esikoleni sama-junkers kanye nezimpawu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ye-Umbuso iyabazi okuncane. Wayeshadele uPrincess Nina Argutinsky-Dolgorukova, owazala inhloko yezingane eziyisithupha - amadodakazi, uSophiya, no-Elizabethe, kanye namadodana kaThatiela, noZakariya noConstantine. Lesi sakamuva safa ebuntwaneni.Inkambo
Umsebenzi wezempi we-Officer Young waqala eGrodno Gusar Regiment, lapho akhonza khona esigabeni saseKortET iminyaka emine. Ngaleso sikhathi, impi yaseCaucasian yathuthukiswa, futhi insizwa ethile yazinikela ngokuzithandela ukuba bahlanganyele kuyo. Ngakho-ke uLoris Melikov wayengaphansi komyalo wePrince Mikhail Vorontsov.
Ngesikhathi sezimpi, i-warlord yesikhathi esizayo yakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ilwelwe ngesibindi. Walethwa kuChechen kanye noDagestan imisebenzi, bazihlukanise nokuhlaselwa kwe-AUL. Ukuze uthole usizo, le ndoda yanikezwa umyalo weSt Anne (4th kanye nesithathu) neChin Rothmistra.
AKUKHONA OKUFANELEKILE UKUTHI UMSEBENZI WESIKHATHI EMAHHALA EMPHAKATHI EMVA KOKUGCINA. Ukuze uthole impumelelo emaqilini, uMikhail wakhulela kuColoneli, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wathola iqembu, eliqukethe abameleli bezizwe zaseCaucasian, ababezibandakanya ekuhlolweni futhi bakha ubunzima balesi sitha.
Kamuva, uLoris Melikov wabhalisa lapho u-Count Count Nikolai Muravyeva-Kara, kepha akazange ayeke umyalo wabazingeli. Izenzo zakhe ezinekhono zivumela ukuthathwa kwenqaba yeKars, ngemuva kwalokho wathola isimo sekhanda lesifunda saseKara. Leli phoyisa lizibonakalise njengemenenja elungile nenekhono, kepha laphoqeleka ukuba lishiye okuthunyelwe ngemuva kwesivumelwano sokuthula neTurkey.
I-warlord yasungulwa eChin General Major futhi yathatha umsebenzi wokuphatha. Wayala amabutho e-Abkhazia futhi wahlola izimpi eziqondile esifundazweni saseKutais. UMikhail Tarielovich waba odume ngochwepheshe "weCaucasian Peoples onguchwepheshe", okhawulela ukuhlaselwa kwe-Highland, ngenxa yokuqiniswa kwe-CEbeld kanye nama-presets ashushumbisayo, abavumele ukuba bathole izibhamu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wahlanganyela ezingxoxweni neTurkey esekufeni kwabafuduki bezintaba, okwamlethela i-oda likaSt. Stanislav (iziqu ezi-1).
Ngo-1863, umkhuzi wamukelwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwesifunda saseTersa, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wanikezwa ulwazi lobuthupha jikelele. Esikhathini esilawulayo, uLoris Melikov owama amanqubo abanekhono mayelana nenani labantu bendawo. Waba nesandla ekuqedweni kokugcina kweSerfdom, ukuthuthukiswa kokulima impahla kanye nokuguqulwa kohlelo lokuqeqeshwa. I-Vladikavkaz Craft School yasungulwa ezimalini zomuntu siqu zaseMelika.
Impumelelo yephoyisa ayihambanga ngaphandle kokunaka koMbusi, futhi wanikezwa isihloko sesihloko esivamile. Kepha imikhankaso yezempi kanye nomsebenzi wokuphatha kanzima we-Mikhail Tarielovich, ngenxa yalokho aphoqelelwa ukuba abuze ngokuxoshwa, wabe eseya phesheya ukuze angenise ukwelashwa kodokotela bakwamanye amazwe.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi yaseRussia - yaseTurkey, 1877-1878, i-warlord yaphoqeleka ukuba ibuyele ezweni lakubo. Ngalesi sikhathi, uLoris Melikov wayenolwazi oluwusizo lwezilimi nobudlelwano bokuzethemba nabantu bendawo, okwamvumela ukuthi athathe ukuthathwa kwe-Ardagan, Kars ne-Erzemum.
Ngaphezu kwemiyalo yeSt George (3rd ne-2nd degrees) kanye neSt. Vladimir (Isiqubulo se-ST. Vladimir (i-addigree general General ithole isihloko sesibalo, ijazi lezingalo zohlobo lwaluvunyiwe. Emva kwalokho, wamisa imisebenzi yamasosha futhi wahlanganyela emsebenzini wokuphatha.
Ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwesifo, uMikhail Tarielovich wahola uSaratov, amaSamara nababusi be-Astrakhan. Izindlela zokuhlukaniswa kwezintuthwane ezifakwe ngesikhathi zibavumele ukuba banciphise ukusatshalaliswa kokutheleleka nokunqoba.
Ngenkathi uLoris Melikov elwa neChumy, kwaqhamuka ubunzima obusha kuHulumeni - Ubuphekula. Okwesikhashana, i-warlord yalwa nokulwa nabavukeli esifundazweni saseKharkive, kepha ngemuva kokuba ukonakaliswa esigodlweni sasebusika baqokwe inhloko yeKhomishini Yezokuphatha, inhloso yalokho obekushiwo ukuvikelwa kombuso kanye nokuthula komphakathi.
Esimweni esisha, wafuna ukuthola ukuthi yini imbangela yobuphekula nokuthi ingakuqeda kanjani. Isiphetho kwakuyiqiniso lokuthi inani labantu licasulwa ukungenzi kwezinguquko ezinkulu zika-Alexander II. Emva kwalokho, leli phoyisa ligcizelele ukunqanyulwa komsebenzi weKhomishini futhi kwathatha isikhundla soNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi.
Ukushintsha isimo sezinto eMbusweni, uMikhail Tarielovich waphakamisa ubukhosi Umthethosisekelo osalungiswa, okwaziwa nangokuthi "Ubushiqela Bokubuswazi." Ugcizelele ekucindezelweni okuvikelekayo ngakuye kwesikhathi, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye wafuna ukwethula inkululeko yokukhuluma, aqede okokuqala ukuhambisa, ukunciphisa izinkokhelo zokuhlenga nokuqeda "isimo esinesibopho sesikhashana".
Umbusi wamukele lo msebenzi, kodwa ngokushesha nje ngemuva kwalokho wabulawa. Indlalifa yakhe u-Alexander III ebhekise ezinguquko ngokungafanele, ngakho-ke wenqaba isiphakamiso se-Commander. Ngemuva kwalokho uLoris Melikov washiya phansi wasungula wayohlala ku-Nice.
Ukushona
Umlingisi wombuso ushone ngoDisemba 24, 1888, imbangela yokufa ayaziwa. Umzimba wephoyisa walethwa kusuka ku-tinline to tiflis ukuze angcwatshwe e-Vank Cathedral. Kamuva, leli thuna ladluliswa egcekeni lesonto leSurb Gevorg.Ukukhumbula
- I-Street Loris-Melikova eSukhumi (Lacob Street)
- Indawo yedolobhana likaLoris Krasnodar
- I-Village Loris Melikovo e-Omsk esifundeni
Izincwadi:
- 1972 - I-Abusar Abusar Aydamirova "Ubusuku obude"
- Ngo-1950 - Mark Roman Mark Aldanov "Ortoki"
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1873 - "Kubabusi baseCaucasi baseCaucasi basukela ku-1776 kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, ezindabeni zesibongo seStavropol"
- Ngo-1881 - "Qaphela Mayelana NeHaji Murate"
- Ngo-1882 - "Ekuthumeleni nguKuban"
- Ngo-1889 - "Esifundazweni Se-Teresk Region"
- Ngo-1884 - "Izincwadi eziya esibalweni uLoris-Melikova waseN. N. Muravyova noM. S. Vorontsova"