I-Biograge
Isikhulu sebutho elimhlophe, sadumala ngokuvolontiya, i-ejenti ye-NKVD, uMbuso bangu-Plistwost ungubani umazisi we-sergey efron uyaphikisana futhi angaqondakali. Mhlawumbe umkakhe, izinkondlo zekhulu lesiliva uMarina Tsvetaeva, wayengazi ngokuphelele ukuthi umuntu wakhe wayengumbhali noma inhloli yakhe.Ubuntwana nentsha
USergey Yakovlevich wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 11, 1893. Ubaba noMama kaYakov Konstantinovich no-Elizabeth Dunovo, amaJuda ngobuzwe, bahlanganyela emisebenzini eguqukayo, ngakho-ke asikho isikhathi somndeni. Umfana ukhula kakhulu ezihlotsheni ngaphandle kokubona abazali.
Ngaleso sikhathi, isiphetho sonina sakhula kabuhlungu. U-Elizabeth wayenezingane eziyisishiyagalolunye, ezintathu zazo zafa ebuntwaneni. Indlela yokuguqula ingabonakali - yachitha unyaka e- "Butyrka". Futhi ubuyela esiphethweni, wakhombisa izimpawu zobuhlanya bengqondo. Lapho intatheli yesikhathi esizayo futhi umlobi eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, umama wakhe nomfowabo omncane uKonstantin waya eParis.
Ngalesi sikhathi, uJacob Efron ushonile, owayethinteka kakhulu yimpilo ka-Elizabeth. Usizi olubi noKonstantin lwaphenduka utshani bokugcina lowesifazane okhubazekile. Umfana waba nezinkinga esikoleni, futhi wanquma ukusakaza umama wakhe, ukuvumelanisa ukulengiswa, kodwa wangena esihlalweni washona. Futhi wathola eyodwa kuphela ngaphandle - ukulandela indodana.
USergey wabona ngokufa kwabantu abaseduze, odade bazama ukufihla isimilo esibi esivela kumfowabo. Babesaba impilo yakhe, ngoba ebuntwaneni umfana wagula ngesifo sofuba, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwabonakaliswa kaningi. Ukukhulula umama kwelinye izwe okwesikhashana, akazange acabange ukuthi uzolahlekelwa unomphela.
Kusukela lapho, kumlobi, noma yikuphi ukuhlukanisa kwakunjengokufa. U-Efron wakhathazeka kakhulu uma ngabe akazange ambone umuntu kothile kothile. Lokhu kwaziveza esimweni sengqondo nangokomzimba.
Naphezu kwamadrama omndeni, kwafundwa uSergey e-Polivanovskaya yangasese eMoscow. Wabe esengena eMnyangweni Omlando NezobuLipi eMoscow State University.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngomlingani wesikhathi esizayo, u-Efron wahlangana eKoktebel, eholidini kuMalume Maximilian Voloshina. Wayeneminyaka engu-17, abakhethiweyo - abangu-18. Emimelelweni yakhe, uMarina Tsvetaeva wabhala ukuthi, ukubona insizwa ebuhlungu ibulawa ngokufa kobuhlungu komfowabo nonina, yaqonda ngokushesha: Lesi yisiphetho sakhe.UMarina, njengoba esefikile eKoktebel, wabona uMaximilian ekuhluphekeni kothando olungafanele. Futhi naphezu komgungu, asizange sinethemba lokuhlangana nomuntu ozombuyisela. Lapho nje izinkondlo zidale ibinzana lokuthi uzoshada kuphela lowo owambulela itshe lakhe alithandayo.
Isihlava saseCarnenetaian sokuthi uTsvetaeva wanikeza umyeni wesikhathi esizayo ngosuku lokuthandana, wagcina impilo yakhe yonke. Ukubona i-efron ogwini lolwandle ehembe elimhlophe, umbhali odumile wacabanga ukuthi wayemuhle kakhulu ukuba ahambe emhlabathini.
Lokhu kwakuyimizwa emangalisayo - abathandi abasebasha abahlukaniswa ngumzuzwana. Kudlule izinyanga eziyi-8 kuphela, kanti abancane badale umndeni, belinde iningi leSergey. Umshado wenzeka ngoJanuwari 27, 1912. Umlingani wendoda ebuhlungu wayekholelwa: Imizwa yakhe iyaphola. Noma kunjalo, kwakudingeka basinde hhayi ukwahlukana okukodwa, okushaya ngokuqinile impilo ye-efron.
UTsvetaeva kumaMemoir wazisola ngomshado wokuqala ebusheni bakhe. USergey wayehlala enomuzwa wokuthi umkakhe wayengafanele futhi akakwazanga ukusondela kuye, hhayi ukuqhathanisa nethalente lakhe. By the way, uJoseph Brodsky wabheka izinkondlo "Isisekelo esikhulu kunazo zonke enkonkweni yaseRussia yekhulu le-XX."
NgoSeptemba 1912, abashadikazi babenendodakazi u-Ariadne. Ngonyaka kamuva, empilweni yomuntu siqu yabaphikisi, kwakukhona ikhefu - uTsvetaeva wabulala nomdala womyeni wakhe uPeter Yakovlevich. Lowo owabuya ekuthukeni kwakudingeka ahambe. Cishe unyaka kwathatha inoveli eyimfihlo, uSergey wasola othandekayo wakhe e-Tursoason, wakuzwa ukuhlupheka kwengqondo okuqinile, kodwa akazange aveze izinsolo.
Lapho uPhetro efa, impi yezwe yokuqala kwakuyimbangela yokuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba. I-Efron yaya phambili - ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo njengomhlengikazi. Ngokufana, waphothula ekolishi le-junker, ngemuva kwalokho wabhalisa ku-Infantry Remond of Nizhny Novgorod.
Impi yombango eyalandela yaholela eqinisweni lokuthi umyeni kaMarina Tsvetaeva empeleni wayengazi lutho ngomndeni. Wajoyina inhlangano emhlophe futhi wakholwa ngokuvolontiya lapho indodakazi yakhe encane u-Irina ishonile eMoscow kusukela kundlala. Kodwa-ke, izinkondlo nazo zazingenalo ulwazi ngomngane oshade naye, ngethemba lokuthi uNkulunkulu wayezokwenza isimangaliso futhi azomshiya ephila.
Futhi ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, umlobi wathuthela eConstantinople. Ngo-1921 kuphela kuphela, uMarina Ivanovna uthole izindaba ezinhle ezivela kumyeni ophilayo. Entwasahlobo ka-1922, kanye ne-Ariad Efron kwalandela okhethiwe eBerlin.
Ngokushesha uSergey wazalwa indodana kaGeorge. Amahemuhemu anenkani ayehamba kangangokuba ubaba wezinto eziphilayo ungumngane wakhe uRodzevich. Lesi simo sacishe sasebenza njengesehlukaniso. Kepha uMarina Ivanovna akazange abone impilo yakhe ngaphandle kwendoda ethandekayo ethandekayo, ecela ukuhamba. Lowo oshade naye wayengazethembi ngobulukhuni besinqumo sakhe, ngakho-ke wathatha umndeni wathuthela eParis.
Phesheya, umyeni wendoda waqala ukuphuthelwa yiSoviet Union. Wayeqonda: Ukulwa namaBolsheviks, walwa nabantu bakhe. Izinkondlo zabona ukuthi uYise wezingane zakhe wayecindezelekile, futhi etafuleni kwakukhona izingxoxo kuphela ngezwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-efron yaqala ukusebenzisana namaSpecial Services akhethekile, wayiqasha.
Ngo-1937, ophikweni lwabuya lwaya eLeningrad. Izinkondlo zamlandela ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2. Futhi ngibona isithandwa sakhe ngemuva kokwehlukana, kwathuthuka: kwavela ukuthi wayebuhlungu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kwathinteka kakhulu ukuhlukana, futhi lowo oshade naye akazange athole amandla okululama.
Ukudala
Naphezu kwe-biography ebuhlungu, umlobi washiya inzalo iyamangaza ngobuqotho bakhe, indaba ngokuthi "ubuntwana". Kungabizwa ngokuthi isipho somshado somuntu oshade naye osemusha (le ncwadi yashicilelwa ngo-1912). Esisekelweni sikhuluma ngabafana ababili, abanikezwe ukuhlakanipha okukhethekile. Futhi esahlukweni sokugcina, "i-wizard" kwakuwukuvelela kwe-heroine kaMariya, kufana kakhulu neTSVETAEVA.
Incwadi "amanothi wevolontiya" ahlanganisa izindaba nezindatshana, kufaka phakathi i-athikili yokufuduka. Le misebenzi inikelwe esihlokweni sempi, okungukuthi ngokuzinikela kanye nemiphumela yako ekuphepheni nasekuqapheleni kwabantu. Njengelungu lale nkathi, umlobi wachaza ukulwa kuka-Okthoba eMoscow, nezinsuku zempi yombango. Uhlobo oluthile lwedayari lwaba ne-diarned imicabango yakhe ehambisana nokufuna indlela yokuphila.
Umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe wabalobi abanethalente - izinkondlo, imisebenzi kanye nezinhlamvu komunye nomunye - baqoqwa eqoqweni "cha emhlabeni wesibili". Kungumlando wobudlelwano, lapho izehlakalo zemishado yazo zihlangene khona, kusukela ngoshintsho nasekupheleni ngokuhlukana okuphoqelekile.
Ukushona
Ukuboshwa kwalowo owayengumenzeli we-ejenti we-NKVD kwenzeka ngo-Okthoba 10, 1939. Lesi siboshwa sahlushwa ukuthola imininingwane mayelana nezinye izinhloli kusuka ku- "Nonau Return Return", kanye nangonkosikazi nendodakazi yakhe. Kepha i-efron yenqabile ukufakaza ngokulwa nabathandekayo.
Iminyaka emibili ezimeni ezinzima kwaholela ekulaleleni nasekutholeni. USergey Yakovlevich wadluliselwa eMnyangweni wezengqondo we- "Butyrki". Odokotela babeka i-myocarditis engapheli yesiguli kanye nokwakheka okubukhali kwe-neurasthenia. Yabhalelwa ukukhawulela ukuxhumana nemizimba yokuphenya.
UTsvetaeva wazama ukudonsa umyeni wakhe, abhale izincwadi e-lavrenting Pavlovich Beriya, kodwa ngeze. Ngo-1941, isiboshwa satholwa selahlwa yicala. Imbangela yokufa kwe-satellite yempilo izimbongi ezinkulu zadutshulwa. Ukuhlangana kwakhe nabanye abangu-135 kugwetshwe isijeziso esiphakeme kakhulu kwabulawa ngebheyili ekhethekile ye-NKVD ngo-Okthoba 16 wonyaka. Lapho, enhlanganisweni, futhi ithuna lakhe, lapho, ngaphandle kwe-efron, ezinye izisulu zokucindezelwa kwezepolitiki zingcwatshwa.