I-Biograge
Ubuntu bukaMariya Kantemir buseyimfihlakalo kubaphenyi, ngoba abaningi babheka le ntombazane inkosikazi yokugcina ye-Peter I. Lokhu kungaqondakali kwenze i-biography ebonakalayo yabalobi nabanikazi bezikrini abathandana nabo ngezithombe nakumabhayisikobho.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMaria Kantemir wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 29, 1700 edolobheni lase-Iasi. Wayengumntwana weNkosi omkhulu weNkosi yaseMondariya yaseMomitry Kantemir nomkakhe Kassandra Cantakusen. Ngaphandle kukaMariya, emndenini wabazali bakhe, kwalethwa izingane eziyisithupha - uDmitry, uMathery, uSergey (Serstantin), iKonstantin, eSmaragda kanye ne-antihalia kantemir. Lokhu kwagcina kwaba imbongi edumile ne-plosomat.
Ubuhle bezingane badlula e-Istanbul, lapho uyise asebenza khona ngaleso sikhathi. Intombazane yathola imfundo enhle kakhulu, yayingumfundi we-monk anastasia cancuid. Wafunda izilimi, izibalo, i-rhetoric, wayenesifiso sezincwadi nasezinkanyezi, futhi futhi wayethanda umculo nokudweba.
Ngo-1711, ubaba wentombazane waphetha umfelandawonye noPitrosi, owathembisa ekusizeni empini neTurkey. Kepha ngemuva kokwehluleka kwamabutho aseRussia, lo mndeni waphoqeleka ukuba ubalekele eRussia, lapho uDmitry athola khona isihloko esingokoqobo esivela kuMbusi. Ekuqaleni bahlala eKharkov, base besondela eMoscow bahlala endaweni yokuhlala imfucumfucu emnyama.
Lapho esezweni lomunye umuntu, uMaria waqala ukutadisha isiko laseRussia kanye neDiploma. Wasizwa ngumlobi odumile nomhumushi u-Ivan Ilinsky. I-DOVENation yezimiso ezisencane nenkosi kaPeter I, eyayikhona ekhaya lakubo, yayazi ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngokushesha umama womndeni wafa, ukunakekelwa kwezingane kwakulele emahlombe kaYise. Ngo-1720, umndeni waphinde wathutha, kulokhu eSt. Petersburg. Lapho, uDmitry wahlangana noNastasya Trubetskaya, owayengumboni wendodakazi yakhe endala, engazange ivimbele umbhangqwana ukuba ashade. I-Choir yabeletha insiza yendlalifa eyamukele igama lika-Catherine-Smaragda.
Unkosikazi kababa omusha waqashelwa ubuhle bezwe, ngakho-ke uMaria waba yisibali esifunekayo emikhosini eminingi. Kepha inkosazana ayizange ihehe ama-peninali, ngenxa yalokho uPhetro ebengiyala ukuba aqale uphenyo futhi athole ukuthi kugula kakhulu yini okungakwazi ukuphuma endlini.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngokwe-Legend, uKantemir wayenguthando lokugcina lombusi wawo wonke amaRussia. Inoveli yabo yaqala lapho intombazane ineminyaka engama-20, yaqhubeka nokufa kombusi. UMaria waheha uMqondo, imfundo nokubukeka okukhanyayo, okwakumi ngaphandle kwamanye izinto zezwe. UPrince Ivan UDolgorukov wayengumfokazi futhi uPrince, kodwa, ngaphandle kwemvume kaDmitry, waphendula ngokwenqaba kwesicelo sakhe sesandla nezinhliziyo.
Ngo-1722, inkosi yahamba emkhankasweni wasePheresiya, lapho ephelezelwa umlingani ka-Catherine mina kanye nomthandi omncane kanye noyise. Kepha inkosazana ayikwazanga ukunqoba yonke indlela, ngoba yayikhulelwe. Wahlala e-Astrakhan, lapho aqala khona ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi ingane yafa ngokushesha. Abasekeli benganekwane bakholelwa ukuthi yindlalifa kuPeter I.
Ngokusho kukadokotela wesayensi yesayensi kaPavel Krotov, evumela lokhu kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi imininingwane ephathelene nokuphuphuma kwesisu yaqoshwa kwiphephabhuku laseHiking of the Mbusi, ngenkathi lisuka. Amarekhodi anjalo abengenziwa ngaphambili, okubonisa ukuthi intshisekelo yenkosi yaya kuMariya nokukhulelwa kwakhe.
Kunomqondo wokuthi ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi eCantemir akwenzekanga kanjalo nje, kodwa ngokugcwaliswa kukaCatherine. Wesaba ukuthi endabeni yokuzalwa kwendlalifa, umyeni wakhe uzompholisa kuye futhi azokwenza ama-tsarnets awakho amathemba. Ngenxa yalokho, umkaKosi wasusa imbangi yalesimbangi, ngoba wayengeke ahambe nabo othandekayo osendleleni yakhe, emva kokubuya, uPetru waphelelwa yithemba kuye, eduze nomkakhe, owenziwa umkakhe.
UMaria wayelinde ukushaqeka okusha - washonelwa nguyise oshone emzimbeni. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvivinywa kwenkosa kwaqala umana wokutholwa, ayengeke akwazi ukuhlanganyela ngalo ifa. Ngalesi sikhathi, uKantemir waphinde wasondelana noPetro, wenza umkakhe ekuvukeni, kodwa ubudlelwano babo babufushane: ngo-1725 umbusi wafa.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le nguqulo yemicimbi ichazwa ezincwadini eziningi, abacwaningi abasazanga ukungabaza ubuqiniso bayo. Kukholelwa ukuthi isisekelo sokuvela kwenganekwane kwakuyizinhlamvu namahemuhemu, kanye namarekhodi afanele.
Kunoma ikuphi, ngemuva kokuba uPeter Mina, ubuhle besingafani nempilo yomuntu siqu, yize uFoodor Naumov noGeorgia Tsarevich u-Alexander Bakarovich balandelwa ngemuva kwakhe. Wakhetha ukuzinikela ekunakekeleni abafowethu abasebasha.
Ngemuva Peter I.
Lapho kunezindaba zokufa kombusi, isimo sempilo kaMariya saba saba saba saba sibi, waze wenza isifo. Eminye imithombo ithi ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaCatherine I Princess ngangise-Opaire, kodwa, ngokolunye ulwazi, ukucindezela kwakukuhle.Ngemuva kokuba amandla edluliselwe kuPeter II, osaziwayo basuka eSt. Petersburg eMoscos ukuze basondela kakhulu kubafowethu. Kamuva, u-Antiochus waba nomthelela ekubonakalweni okubonakala kwesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Anna John, futhi ngokubonga uhulumeni wenza udadewabo uFreel.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, uCantemir wavunyelwa ukuhlala enhlokodolobha yaseRussia lapho igceke libuyela eSt. Petersburg. Wahola impilo yezwe futhi wayengumnikazi we-salon yemibhalo. Kamuva, inkosazana yafuna ukukhipha indelakazi futhi iye esigodlweni sezindela, kepha isiphetho sasihlukile. Wancishiswa umfowethu omncane, uMariya wayevame ukushintshana naye izincwadi.
Ngo-1745, ngemuva nje kokushona kwe-Antiyokiya, uFreillin waba ngumnikazi wedolobhana laseSnailo estate eduze kweMosco (ukungcola emnyama, eMaryIno), lapho ahlala khona nefa lika-Phela impilo yakhe yonke. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, ibandla likaMariya Magdalena lakhiwa lapho ngokufayilwa kwakhe.
Ukushona
Ngaphambi nje kokuba kufe uKantemir kwakubangelwa intando entsha, lapho kwakhiwa khona isigodlo sabesifazane endaweni yezinto zayo kanye nalapho ukuze bahlomise ithuna, kepha iWill ngeke bafezeke. UMaria Dmitrievna ushone ngoSepthemba 9, 1757, imbangela yokufa yabuthaka impilo. Ngokusho komcwaningi uLeonid Maikova, ungcwatshwe esigodini saseNikolsky Greek.