I-Biograge
U-Biography kaGrand Mary Maksakova - umculi we-opera, owayengumzukulu ogulayo ogulayo - eminyakeni kaStalin wathuthuka ngempumelelo, okuphambene nazo zonke izimo. Wayeyindodakazi kaBenzinin, umfazi wendaba yakwelinye izwe, isitha somkakhe owazala ingane eyaphunyuka e-USSR. Ngasikhathi sinye, lona wesifazane akazange agweme nje ukucindezelwa, kodwa waqhubeka nokwenza amaqembu aholayo enkundleni yemidlalo yaseSoviet Union, ethola imiklomelo kaStalin.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMaria Maksakova - UMaria wazalwa entwasahlobo ka-1902 e-Astrakhan. Igama lentombi vocalist Sidorov. UMasha ungomncane kunabo bonke bezingane zenkampani ye-Astrakhan Shipping Company Peter Vasilyevich nomkakhe uLudmila, owasungula abalimi besifundazwe saseVyatka.
Njengoba alahlekelwe nguyise esemncane, ikusasa lesikhathi sesikhathi se-Bolshanei Theatre, ukuze kungabi umthwalo womndeni, waqala ukucula ekwayeni yesonto. Imfundo ye-vocal yaseMaria etholwe esikoleni somculo we-astrakhan, eyasungulwa ngo-1900. Iminyaka yokufunda ihlangana nempi yombango, futhi intombazane yenziwa ngamakhonsathi phambi kwebutho elibomvu.
Iqembu le-Opera esiteji saseMaria kuqala senziwa ngo-1919 edolobheni laseRed Yar, manje esesimweni sabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-12 banesimo sedolobhana. Lapho umculi ehlelwa e-Astrakhan Opera Troupe, khona-ke i-Aria eyinkimbinkimbi yayihlabelela njengovivinyo oluvela ku-Evgenia One Gyoginal P. I. Tchaikovsky. Izwi lomfakisicelo lihlaba umxhwele osomabhizinisi, futhi uMaria waqashwa.
Ozakwabo kuzimele, abanomona ngesihluku, okokuqala baxoshwa:
"Angazi ukuthi uhambe kanjani esiteji, kepha ukhuphukela ozandleni."UMaxiMakova wakhumbula ukuthi kunomuntu onobuhlakani obunjalo, owayeguqa ngemuva kwezigcawu, ebheke eSiteji e-Gait approx kanye nokuzama ukuqonda amaphutha awo.
Lowo owathatha ikhanda lekhanda lomculi we-troupe, uthisha kanye nosomabhizinisi uMaximilian Schwartz, owachitha ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym maksakov, kusho uMariya ukuthi unezwi elimbi elimnandi. Umculi weVolga wayengevila engaya ePetrograd futhi, esethole isimilo esifanayo edolobheni ngokulondolozwa kwedolobha, wabuyela e-Astrakhan, ukuze abuyiselwe e-Max Karlovich ukuthuthukisa ama-vocals.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Indoda yokuqala kaMariya yayingumfelokazi maksakov. Amazwi eminyaka womshado awazange avimbele umehluko emisebeni (uMax wayeneminyaka engu-7 kuphela ngubaba waseMarrusi), noma ukuba yisakhamuzi somkhwenyana (Schwartz-Maksakov ayengeyena iSoviet kuphela, kodwa futhi nepasipoti yase-Austrian). Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, ushade nomuntu oxolisayo weluleke oshade naye wokuqala kwikholera - umculi we-Opera uKsenia Jordanian.UMaksakov wasebenzisa wonke ubuhlobo ukuze lo mfazi osemusha wamukelwa eBolshoi Theatre Troupe. Impilo yomuntu siqu nobuqambi babalingani iminyaka engu-15 buhlangene ngokungalingani. Ngemuva kokusebenza ngakunye, uMax wahlakaza amaphutha akhe nge-maria.
Ngo-1936, uMaksakova ungumfelokazi futhi wacishe washada ngokushesha ne-drisomat futhi ahlole i-Yakov Davyan. Ukuphela komshado omfushane kwakuboshwa kanye nokudubula i-Yakov Christianch.
Eminyakeni engu-38, uMaria Petrovna wabeletha indodakazi kaLyudmila okuwukuphela kwendoda. Ubaba wentombazane esemthethweni wabhekwa njengeBariton ye-Bolshoi Theatre Alexander Volkov, eyaqala ukufuduka e-USSR e-United States. I-Patronynykna yeVasilyevna Ludmila Maksakova yethule umngani wakhe, iSikhulu Sezokuphepha Sezwe Vasily Novikov. Kukhona inguqulo kaMania Maria Petrovna yabeletha uJoseph Stalin, othanda umculi.
Ngo-21, uLyudmila uthweswe iziqu esikoleni saseshashalazini ephakeme ogama lakhe nguM. S. Shpkin, lapho efundisa ngaleso sikhathi ngo-2020. Izindima ezidume kakhulu kwifilimu yomlingisi omangalisayo Maksakova: UTanya Ogteva eDrama Isidor Ansensky "Tatiana Day", iRosalinda Asenstein "I-Bat Mouse", eyenziwe nguMqondisi ngoMily I-Brent ku- "Abesifazane abamnyama abayishumi" uStanislav Govorukhin.
ULyudmila akazange ayidlulisele idatha yezwi kamama, kepha indlalifa ibisezinhluphezane eziningi yaphindaphinda isiphetho sikaMaria Petrovna. "Vakhtangovka", njengomzali wakhe, wavakashelwa kabili. Umlingani wokuqala, umculi uFeliksi Zbursky, lapho uLyudmila ngo-1970 wabeletha indodana kaMaxim, iminyaka emi-2 ebukeka umfana, esuka e-USSR.
Indodakazi kaLyudmila Maksakova yazalwa iminyaka emi-5 ngemuva kokushona kukagogo. Kodwa-ke, walithola njengelifa igama lakhe kuphela, kodwa futhi nezwi. UMaria Maksakova - omncane ungomunye wabantu bakwa-Main Media endaweni yangemva kweSoviet. Ungusodwa owake waba solloinsky Theatre kanye nePhini le-Ex-Duma laseRussia, kusukela ngoDisemba 2016 uhlala e-Ukraine. Umculi unezingane ezine, futhi umfowabo omdala unezingane ezintathu nabazukulu ababili.
Ukudala
Eseshatweni saseBolshoi, uMaria Petrovna wenza i-shust yakhe ngo-1923 ephathini ye-Amneresis ku-Opere Giuseppe Verdi "Aida". Izithombe ezigciniwe ze-Maksakova ngesimo sendodakazi kaFaro.
Isikweletu sasihanjelwa nguSergey Lemeshev, owafunda endaweni elondoloziwe. Ikusasa lomculi wabantu lashaqisa amazwi esithombe esenziwe ontanga yakhe. Izwi ne-Royal Postiture Skinny Delitant, ngokusho kukaSergei Yakovlevich, okhangayo.
Ngokuzayo, eReptoire of Maksakova, amaqembu aholayo avele e-Opera "Carmen" George Bizet, "I-Snow MAiden" no- "Meyi Nizy" Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, "I-Loangrin" Richard Wagner. Amaphrimiyamu amabili aqinile aqhamuka kulo mculi abathathu anikeze ukwakhiwa kwezithombe zabalingiswa abaphambili endabeni ye-Mussorgsky: eHovovishna, uMaria Petrovna wahlabelela uMartrar, naseBoris GodIshek.
Obomdabu base-Astrakhan futhi nemisebenzi ebhalwe ngabaqambi baseSoviet ayilimalanga. UMaksakova wabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwe-opera ye-arseny ye-gladkovsky noJevgeny Prussaka "nge-red petrograd", okokuqala bahlabelela iqembu le-Alman ekusebenzeni kwe-Alexander Schipendiarov.
ENnyangeni ngemuva kokushona kukaStalin, oneminyaka engu-51 ubudala kaStalin, ngesikhathi sokuphila komholi ovakashele lolu hambo eTurkey, ePoland naseFinland, wathatha umhlalaphansi ngokuzumayo. Umnikazi wethoni ebukekayo wazithola ekwenzeni uthando nokufundisa eGitis.
UMaria Petrovna Petriska wathela indlu yakhe engenalutho, inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo ye-Opera Star Tamar Milashkin, yathola ukutholwa e-Astrakhan Conservatory. Ngenxa ye-Recructors, ukutolika kwezothando nezingoma zabantu baseRussia kwahlehliswa kwinkumbulo yabantu baseSoviet njenge-classical. Kodwa-ke, isihloko somdwebi wesintu somculi we-USSR sabelwa ngo-1971 kuphela.
Ukushona
UMaria Petrovna ushone ngo-Agasti 1974. Ngosuku lomngcwabo Maksakova esifundeni saseBolshoi Theatre, sanaka abalandeli beMezzo-Soprano, bazungeza amasosha ase-Equestrian.
Ithuna labahlabeleli litholakala emathuneni owethuliwe eMoscow. E-Astrakhan ukuhlonipha i-Vocalist, umgwaqo, isikwele kanye nePhilharmonic kuthiwa. Kusukela ngo-1987, iValeria Bargoy noMaria Maksakova ibanjwa e-Astrakhan kanye noMary Maksakova.
Ukukhumbula
- I-AstraKhan State Philharmonic egama layo ngemuva kukaMaria Maksakova
- UMary Maksakova Street e-Astrakhan
- I-plaque yeSikhumbuzo e-Astrakhan e-Bruces Lane, 7
- Umkhosi wobuciko bezwi bona. V. V. Barboy noM. P. Maksakova e-Astrakhan
-Zuzayo
- Umculi ohlonishwayo RSFSR
- Umculi wabantu RSFSR
- Umculi wabantu we-USSR
- Ama-stalinisks amathathu we-premium yokuqala
- Ama-oda amabili e-lenin
- Ama-oda amabili esibhengezo esibomvu
- Indondo "yokusebenza ngamaqhawe. Ekukhumbuzweni kwesikhumbuzo se-100 sokuzalwa kukaVladimir Ilyich Lenin "
- Indondo "Yokusebenza Kamaqhawe EMgqeni Omkhulu Wokuzithanda Ngo-1941-1945"
- Medal "The Veteran Labour"
- Indondo "Ngenkumbulo Yonyaka we-800 Tharcow"
- Umklomelo uRobert Shuman