I-Biograge
U-Evgenia Morgunova ebusweni uyazi wonke ama-amateur amahlaya aseSoviet, yize ambalwa yentsha yamanje enentshisekelo egameni langemuva livela kuZiqu-zintathu ehlukaniseke eGaidaev uZiqu-zintathu. Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokuxabana okuhlekisayo noMqondisi we-Engely, u-Alexandrovich wabeka umsebenzi wakhe ngaphansi kokushaywa ngakho-ke akaziwa kwezinye izithombe, ngaphezu kweselelesi kumahlaya adumile mayelana nokufika kwamahlaya aseShurik. UMorgunov wayengumuntu oqondile, fan of amahlaya futhi adonse. Ikakhulu, umlingisi wasebenzisa ithalente lakhe ngezikhathi ezithile, azikhipha ngesikhulu, ngenxa yalokho ahambe ngayo imicimbi mahhala, efakwe emanzini okudlela, njll.
U-Evgeny Morgunov wazalwa eMoscow. Ubuntwana beNew Morgunova lalizolile. Umfana udlale ku-amateur amateur, wayethanda ibhola legceke futhi wachitha isikhathi esiningi nabangane. Iminyaka yobusha yaqala ekuqaleni kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, lapho yathunyelwa khona uYise ngokushesha ngokushesha. Ngokushesha, u-Alexander Morgunov washona. Ukusiza umama, osemusha kusukela eneminyaka engu-14 asebenze efektri yamasosha, lapho ayenza khona ngokuzikhandla. Umdwebi amahora angu-12 alandelana wajeziswa ngezikhala zamagobolondo. Kwabasebenzi abangenakuphikwa, le nsizwa yasheshe yathola idiploma, ngaphambi kokuphela kwezinsuku zakhe, u-Evgeny Alexandrovich wakholelwa ukuthi akazange enze lutho olukhethekile.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-movie amancane aseMorgunov ajabule. Le nsizwa yachitha yonke imali yakhe yamahhala ekuseni ihambela e-cinema, imvamisa idela ngasikhathi sinye esikoleni. Ngokushesha wabamba umlilo umbono wokuba ngumlingisi. Ngaphezu kokubamba iqhaza ngesikhathi se-amateur, wakwazi ukudlala esitudiyo samafilimu aseMosfilm, wabe esefuna ukuguqula impilo yakhe kumlingisi. Esezinhlelweni zokwenza lo mbono, kwavela isithiyo esingalindelekile, ngoba umqondisi wesitshalo wawuphikisana nesifiso sesisebenzi sakhe futhi akavuma ukumvumela ukuba ahambe. Lapho-ke insizwa enesibindi yafika kakhulu, nakancane, yabhalela uStalin uqobo. Ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, umqondisi wesitshalo "Mill" weza impendulo, okwakungukuthi umyalo wokuthumela uMorgunov enkundleni yemidlalo yaseChamber, lapho eba ngumfundi weMqondisi ogqamile u-Alexander Tairov.
Isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, uMorgunov wasebenza enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi, edlala ezindimeni zesibili nezesiqephu. Kancane kancane, wabona ukuthi ukuntuleka kwemfundo esebenzayo akuzange kugcwale ngisho nesipiliyoni, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswe ku-VGIK, lapho akwenza khona ngaphandle kobunzima obuningi. Le nsizwa yafunda ngaphansi kobuholi bukaDirector Sergei Gerasimov odumile.
UMorgunov wajwayelana nabafana abaningi abanethalente kamuva abebedumile ngabalingisi baseSoviet, ikakhulukazi, noSergey Bondarchuk kanye noNonaya Moordyukov.
Amafilimu
Ebusheni ka-Evgeny, u-Alexandrovich wavezwa ukubukeka okumangazayo, okukhangayo, kwakungu-photogenic kakhulu. USergey Gerasimov waqala ukukhetha abadlali phakathi kwabafundi kwifilimu yakhe "abaqaphi", lapho kwamenywa khona umfundi uMorgunova. Kamuva, umlingisi odumile wakhumbula ukuthi emakhanda ezilaleli, i-trachor stakomhovich ehlotshaniswa ngokuqinile noMorgunov uqobo, okuyinto ngemuva kokuba umlingisi azamile ukubambezela izingane emgwaqweni, esola insizwa empini ubugebengu.
Kwahlekwa ukuthi indima ye-Eugene Stakhovovich, le nsizwa bekufanele ithole umklomelo we-stalinist, kodwa ekugcineni kwanqunywa ukuthi ingaqhubeki kahle isithombe somsizi. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, kwembulwa amanye amaqiniso avela emlandweni wenhlangano "yogalelo omncane" futhi njengoba ifilimu yanqunywa ukuhola ngokuhambisana nangempela, iziqephu eziningi kakhulu neMorgunov zazinqunywa, kanti umsizi waqanjwa kabusha.
Ngokungalungile ngokwanele, abaqondisi abayibonanga le nsizwa enokunikela. UMorgunov akazange adumazeke, kepha ahlala esebenza emsebenzini eshashalazini - isitudiyo somlingisi wefilimu, lapho ayesebenza khona kwaze kwaba ngu-1953. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umculi ovela endaweni yomsebenzi waqulwa kaninginingi ukuxoshwa, okusolwa ukuthi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwethalente elisebenzayo. Mhlawumbe leli cala lalisesimweni esinzima salo mculi owayethanda ijezi, naphezu kwesimo, futhi futhi liyehluka ngokuqondile nangokukhalipha ngamazwi.
Kusukela ngo-1951 kuya ku-1953, uMorgunov uhlanganise nomsebenzi e-Studio-Studio yabadlali befilimu abanenkonzo yaseshashalazini elincane lezemfundo, kodwa wazethembela ezithombeni ezingathi sína esiteji, noma phambi kwamakhamera ayisa kumdlali osemncane. Kule modi, sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ngaphambi kokuba umhlangano ongahleliwe estudiyo waguqula impilo kaMorgunov.
Ngaleso sikhathi, uLeonid Gaidai wayengenamcucu okhanyayo emsebenzini womqondisi. Ifilimu elisha livele liwele ehhovisi lebhokisi, futhi umqondisi oxolisayo waya edolobhaneni. Lapho, wanquma ukuvikela inkondlo emincane ehlekisayo i-starman Oleimik ngesimo samafilimu amafushane. Okwe-trio of Drios, uGalayi washeshe wathola abadlali bakwa-Vicin noNikulina, kepha indawo yesithathu yahlala ingenamuntu.
Umqondisi wazama abadlali abaningi, futhi akekho noyedwa kubo umqondisi ongazange umxhwele. Lesi simo sasindiswa ngu-Ivan Pyriever, umqondisi we- "Mosfilm", ocingweni olushayelwa nge-hydaaya ethola ubuhlakani obufanele. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-morgunov enhle ikwazile ukumamatheka kancane futhi iqhume lokho, ngokuhambisana nomzimba kanye nomlingiswa, ikwenze kwaba ukhetho oluhle lwendima yokuhlangenwe nakho.
Ifilimu elifushane "izikhonkwane barbos kanye nesiphambano esingajwayelekile" zikhazimulisa ngokushesha uZiqu-zintathu. Lesi sithombe saphumelela kangangokuba saqokwa ukuthi aqokelwe iGolden Palm Branch emcimbini wefilimu ka-1961. E-Cinemas kwakukhona i-alllchlag, abantu ngokushesha bathandana nama-antiherous amahlaya. Ifilimu lesibili elifushane elithi "MoonsonShoes", elikhishwe ngawo lowo nyaka, laqinisa udumo lukaZiqu-zintathu.
Abadlali nokuphila baqala ukuba phakathi kwabo uqobo, ababengakuthinta kahle ukusebenza kwabo. Lapho bekukhona necala elingakaze libonwe nhlobo: U-Eldar Ryazanov wabuza uGaidai ukuthi "baboleka" abalingisi nezinhlamvu, ngakho-ke ngo-1964 igwala, ama-bambobe kanye nencwajana ebonakalayo "ezindimeni ze-episodic.
Ngemuva kwalokho kulandelwa enye ifilimu eli-2 eliphumelelayo noZiqu-zintathu ngaphambi kokuphakama kwezingxabano eqenjini. Ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka, abadlali babelana nabanye futhi kusukela lapho empeleni bengakhulumisanga. Noma kunjalo, isithombe seqembu lezigebengu saqhubeka nokugqugquzela abasebenzi be-cinematic art, ikakhulukazi, i-trio edumile yavela ekhathuni "abaculi baseBremen".
Ngasikhathi sinye, uMorgunov usheshe noLeonid Guideham, ogcina ebeka isiphambano emsebenzini womlingisi e-cinema enkulu. Akukaziwa ukuthi uLeonid Ionovich waba nomthelela ekwahlulekeni kokudala komculi, noma ozakwabo nje abafuna ukuxabana noMqondisi onosongo, kusukela kumashumi ayisikhombisa, u-Evgeny Alexandrovich acishe ayeke ukuvela ezindimeni ezibonakalayo.
Ngo-1980, umlingisi waphinde waba nethuba lokuvela phambi komphakathi emfanekisweni wabanolwazi. Kuqondiswe nguYuri Kushnerlyov, amahlaya - amahlaya "amahlaya ezinsukwini ezihlala isikhathi eside" adutshulwa, lapho amaqiniso ambalwa e-cinematic ahlanganiswa khona - igwala futhi enolwazi, ebambisane, ehlanganisa "umsizi wakhe waphakade. Kepha yonke imizamo yokubuyisa inkazimulo yaba yize nge-morgunov.
Ngesikhathi kusuka ngo-1980 kuya ku-1990, umlingisi uthathe ama-movie angaphansi kweshumi nambili. Ngemuva kokuhlelwa kabusha kwecala akuzange kusebenze, inhlekelele ezweni lashaya imboni yamafilimu. Ku-Evgenia Alexandrovich, akukaze kutholakale kulokho okusha.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Evgeny Alexandrovich wayeshade kabili. IBallerina Vyvara Ryabtseva yaba ngumkakhe wokuqala, owayemdala kunomlingani iminyaka engu-13. Impilo yomndeni wabo ayikhokhiswanga.
Inkosikazi yesibili yomculi yintombazane egama linguNatalia. Lo mbhangqwana wadlala umshado ngo-1965, emshadweni banamadodana amabili - u-Anton noNikolai. UJR. UNikolai ushonile ngenxa yengozi ngonyaka ngaphambi kokushona kukayise.
Ukushona
Ngemuva komsebenzi welanga, umlingisi wawukhathazeke kakhulu ngenxa yokungamuhle kwakhe. Naphezu kwesifo sikashukela, u-Evgeny Morgunov wahlukumeza utshwala. Lo mculi washukumisa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ezimbili nokushaywa unhlangothi. Okuhlobene kwathi kungukufa kwendodana encane kwanyakaziswa kakhulu yimpilo esele ye-morgunov.
U-Evgeny Alexandrovich ushone ngoJuni 25, 1999 esibhedlela saseMoscow ngenxa yesifo sohlangothi lwesibili. Ubaba neNdodana uMorgunovy bangcwatshwa emathuneni aseKuntsevsky.
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