I-Biograge
UYuri Zavaddsky wayeyindoda eyazinikela ku-ART. Umsebenzi womlingisi, uMqondisi weTheatrical nothisha bakhala ngekhulu lokuphikisana ne-XX Century. Izwe laliziqhenya ngochwepheshe futhi lazisa impumelelo evelele, le miklomelo kwakuyisihloko somdwebi wabantu, izindondo zikaHulumeni kanye nama-oda.Ubuntwana nentsha
UYuri Aleksandrovich Zavaddsky wazalwa ngoJulayi 12, 1894 emndenini woMhloli wasekolishi owathola isikhundla esihle. Okhokho bomfana babengabameleli be-Creative Prightsizia: Abadwebi, abaqambi, amaPianists, Ochwepheshe Be-Ballerina noLace.
Ubaba ka-Alexander Frantrevich, ngenxa yezwi lakhe, angafaka indawo eBolshoi Theatre, kepha ukuvela komkakhe nezingane ezintathu kwenza umuntu akhethe umuntu okhokhelwa kakhulu. Umama ka-Evgeny Josephovna, onohlobo lokudala, ebusheni bakhe baphothula eMetropolitan Conservatory futhi baphupha ngomsebenzi wokucophelela. Ngemuva komshado, i-muscovite ngentando yomyeni wakhe yaba umgcini womndeni.
Endlini lapho kwakhuliswa khona uJura namanye amalungu esizukulwane esincane, ngangitholakala eMncane uYevgety Vakhtangov kanye nabamele abanye amagama amahle. Abantu abadala abaholwa ngu-Auntna babeka ukusebenza okuncane futhi bahlela amakhonsathi, abafana bajabule lapho benokuthile okuvela ezindimeni zesibili.
Njengoba sebephenduke indawo yokuzivocavoca, uZavadsky alahlekelwe yithuba lokuxhumana nabathandekayo nsuku zonke. Ukuntuleka kwamaqembu emindeni, wanxephezela ukutadisha kwezilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ukudweba izifundo namakilasi embuthanweni omangalisayo.
Esigabeni sokuthweswa iziqu, umdanso waseMoscow waqala ukucabanga ngomsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo. Abazali baphikelela ekungenisweni kwekhono lobuhlakani be-Metropolitan University. Ilungelo nomlando kwakunentshisekelo kancane kwensizwa eyayihlaba umxhwele ngobuhlakani. Ngenxa yalokho, uYuri uzuze ukuncishiswa futhi wahlanganyela ekupendweni eStudislav Stanislav Zhukovsky noPeter Kelin.
Ukudala
Maphakathi no-1910, i-biography yaseZavadsky yashintsha ipholile. Emaphethelweni omngane uPaul, indodana ka-anticoline yesikhulu, wangena kwi-MCAT yesithathu, wadalwa ngu-Evgeny Vakhtangov, futhi waqonda kahle umsebenzi wokuhlobisa, umlingisi kanye nomqondisi.Imisebenzi ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi kwakuwukusebenza 'kwesimangaliso sikaSt. Anthony "," Princess Turandot "kanye" nomshado ". Ngemuva kokushona koMdali, uYuri Aleksandrovich wasala enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi njengendima eholayo ezindimeni eziholayo "entabeni" kanye "nosuku oluhlanya, noma umshado walowo ophindayo kanye ukuqondiswa kwentuthuko.
Ngo-1924, iMoskvich yadala inhlangano yakhe yokudala, eyayidume ngekhono lokholo eMaretsky, eRostislav Kattat, uPavel Massalsky, uNikolai Fortrein nabanye abadlali abasebasha abafundwa ngumhleli. Njengoba ibhokisi laseshashalazini lalingahlukaniswa yileso sakhiwo, abantu ababona izimemezelo ngothango kanye nezibani zeza ekuhlolweni kwesiteji emasekeni ezakhiwo zezimboni nezokuhlala.
Ngawo-1930s, uZavadsky wakhangwa ubuholi bemidlalo yeshashalazi eyinhloko yebutho elibomvu. Eminyakeni embalwa, le nkampani yokulwa namaqembu okudala angamphoqeleli ukuthi ashiye insizakalo futhi ahlukane nenhloko-dolobha engaphumuli.
I-troupe eqoqwe ngumqondisi oyinhloko yanikezwa ukuhlala eRostov-on-don. Kuze kube ngu-1940, abaculi beMoscow bajabulela impumelelo enkulu phakathi kwabakhileyo ensimini yaseKrasnodar.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, uYuri Alexandrovich wabizelwa emuva, futhi wavuma ukungacabangi. Eshashalazini eliqanjwe nge-mossoveta, impilo esele yabanjwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, lo mbono weza ukudlulisa isipiliyoni esinqwabelene. UZavadsky waba nguprofesa weGuitis, ukujoyina i-WCP (B).
Umqondisi ophambili owayecabanga ngempumelelo wabizwa ngokuthi umsunguli wezwe lobuciko. Abalandeli baphuthunyiswe ukuveza amasu asungulwe yi-muscovite. Ngemuva kokudlala, "Ukuhleka usulu" sekuyimfashini ukudlulisa isenzo sesiteji ku-Auditorium nasemgwaqweni futhi kudonsele abadlali emkhosini we-jubilees ama-chin aphezulu e-USSR.
Abasebenzi, babehlala behlala 'ekuhlaselweni', "amaphupho ePeterburg", "Maskarend", "Cherry Garden" kanye ne- "Othello", ngokungafanele balalela umqondisi ongazange alandele izingxabano zangaphakathi. UFaina Ranevskaya wabhekwa njengowukuphela komlingisi, okwazile ukuxabana neZavadsky. Ukuxabana kancane kancane, ochwepheshe banqume ukuthi bekuyinto ebumnandi obungokomzwelo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Empilweni yomuntu siqu yeZavadsky, eyabheka indoda ebukekayo, abesifazane babehlala behanjelwa. Ongathandwa kanaphakade yizinkondlo Marina Tsvetaeva ezinikezelwe kumlingisi iqoqo lamavesi "amahlaya" nemisebenzi emangalisayo ye- "Fortune".
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abalandeli bethalente lesiteji abanikezeli ndima, uYuri Alexandrovich wakwazi ukuthola injabulo yomndeni nozakwethu u-Irina Anisimova-Wulf. Ubudlelwano abuzange basebenze ngenxa yokuthi "abesifazane bakhe" noshintsho oluningi.
Umfazi wesibili womqondisi onekhono waba umlingisi we-vera petrovna Maretskaya. Emshadweni, indodana ka-Eugene, eza ezinyathelweni zikayise, wazalwa emshadweni cishe emashumi eminyaka.
Umlingani wesithathu wavela lapho udumo lwafika eZavadsky. IBallerina Galina Sergeyevna ulanov yanqoba ophumelele amaPrimiyamu nemiklomelo. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940s, imizwa yaphola, futhi lo mbhangqwana wacabanga ngesehlukaniso. Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, abashadikazi bamisa inqubo edinga izindleko zokuziphatha nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ozakwabo batshelwa ukuthi iZavadsky ikwazile ukuba ngabangane nabo bonke abalingani abashiywe. U-Anisimov-Wulf wahlala umsizi iminyaka engama-40, kanti abanye, naphezu kwakho konke, bancoma leli khono futhi baya kuma-premieres of ezenzayo.
I-DomRabota Vasena ibize uSanta wabantu ababili be- "Workiaholic" epholile ". Ukususa amafulethi eLansky naseMassurovsky Lane, owesifazane onakekelayo futhi oqaphile wawazi konke mayelana nokufika kothando lomqondisi wenhlangano enkulu yaseMoscow, kepha akazange asho imifula phambi komngane ngamunye osemthethweni.
Ukushona
UZavadsky, ongazange azazi imingcele, waphila nokuguga empilweni ephelele. Imbangela yokufa komqondisi omkhulu we-Mossoveta Theatre Theatre kwakungukopha okukhulu, okuvule esophagus ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwemithambo nemithambo.
Abantu abaseduze babazi ukuthi abamele izwe lobuciko bebuciko bebengafuni ukuba ozakwabo balilekele umzimba ongaphili, ngakho-ke abalithandayo babene-URN, lapho kwenziwa khona uthuli lomuntu ovelele khona.
Umngcwabo wenzeka eMoscow ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli 1977. Ithuna emathuneni amaVagankan, lapho kamuva abeka itshe lesikhumbuzo, izinkondlo zikaMarina zazizwakala nezinkulumo eziningi ezinesizotha.