I-Biograge
Isikhulu Sezokuphepha uPavel Filin saholwa ukuphathwa kokuqala okukhulu kwe-KGB yeSoviet Union. Ukuhola ubuhlakani bakwamanye amazwe ngezempi nakwamasosha, okukhulu (bese kuba khona-ke, bese kuba khona umzamo omkhulu wokuhlinzeka osopolitiki abaphethe izinhloso zoMbuso, futhi bathola imiphumela emangalisayo ekwakheni amanethiwekhi e-ejenti emhlabeni wonke.Ubuntwana nentsha
UPavel Mikhailovich Filin's Biography waqala esifundazweni saseTobolsk, wazalelwa edolobhaneni lase-Ozogino ngo-1907. Umndeni wabampofu, oholwa nguBaba Mikhaili kaFilin, wahlanganyela kwezolimo, abameleli abaningana basebenza lapho kukhethwe izikhundla ezihlonishwayo.
Isimo esinjalo sivumele ukuthi kudlule isikhathi esincane ukuya esikoleni sokuqala se-County. Ngemuva kokuphothula kwabayisikhombisa, umfana wangena ngokushesha kumsizi kwi-Artel "Star". Ngawo-1920s, waya edolobheni laseYalutovsk ukuze aqhubeke nemfundo yawo. Ngemuva kwesibonelo sabalingani abaphezulu, umfundi wajoyina amalungu enhlangano yeKomsomol futhi waqala ukulungiselela ukwamukelwa kwi-Institute noma eyunivesithi.
Lapho iNhlangano Ye-White Guard, osemusha oneminyaka engu-14 noyise kanye nezinye izakhamizi, ezazibheka iComune, yasebenza eRussia, yagwetshelwa ukufa. I-Reds of Red idedele ababoshwa futhi ibanikeze impilo yesibili.
Ngentando ye-filin ngamandla amabili aqala ukusiza izwe eliphawula usuku lokuvuselelwa ngo-Okthoba. Umfana waqashwa ekomitini lesifunda le-WRCSM. Isishoshovu kanye nomholi ozalwa esolwe ama-bureau of leninists amancane - amaphayona, kwathi enhlanganweni yentsha yesifunda yasebenza njengonobhala.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920, iSocialing yathuthela eRussia Russia. Ukusetha eMoscow, wangena ekwakhiweni naseMnyangweni Wezokucwaninga. K. A. Timiryazev futhi wazimisa njengomfundi onethalente. Ngemuva kokudlula e-internship emabhizinisini amakhulu, ngathola indawo kanjiniyela elabhuji le-State Institute of Electrication kanye nokusebenza kwezolimo, kamuva yaqanjwa kabusha nge-Agro-Engineering University.
Kusukela ngo-1932 kuya ku-1934, uPawulu wenza izibopho zeNhloko yezincwadi zezobuchwepheshe. Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi waphazanyiswa ngemuva kocingo olusezingeni lamasosha aseSoviet. IDemobilised, isosha langaphambili le-Worker-Pourl Red Army libuyele endlini yokushicilela eMoscow futhi yathatha okukodwa kokuthumela kobuholi.
Inkambo
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki Fitin waqala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930s. Ngalesi sikhathi, izwe, ngenxa yokucindezelwa okukhulu kokuntuleka kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, badinga abasebenzi bokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa - Ihhovisi eliphakathi ne-State Security Management.Ngokubambisana namakhulu amalungu amancane amaKomsomol avela ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezwe, uPawulu wadlula zonke izigaba zokukhethwa okuqinile futhi wawela esikhungweni semfundo elaligcwele abamele i-NKVD. Ngemuva kokulalela izinkulumo zenkambo esheshisiwe yokwethulwa komkhakha kanye nokudlula e-internship ku-GOGB, okuhlobene noMnyango wezobunhloli bangaphandle, owayengumuntu wangaphambili wesiteshi saseSelersman waba yisiteshi sesibili, bese ekhanda amagatsha akhethekile.
Ukuhlolwa okuphezulu kakhulu kobuholi kumuntu we-Commissar of the USSR ye-USSR ye-Ulawrence Pavlovich Beria kwakungukuqokwa kwenhloko ye-Ejensi Yezokuphepha Yombuso. Ngenhlanhla, isisebenzi esincane sokuvelela sasingengabakho uKhomishani Ojwayelekile. Esikhathini seKhrushchev ukucindezelwa kwayo kusindise impilo.
ENhloko Yenkonzo Yezobunhloli Yangaphandle ye-USSR, uFitin wasebenzisa amakhono atholakele ekuqaleni kwe-biography. Imiphumela yokuqala ebonakalayo yavela ebusuku beMpi Yezwe Yesibili.
Abangaphansi kwe-Pavel Mikhailovich ngaphambi kokuqala kwamaFascists athunyelwe nguJoseph Stalin amakhulu wemibiko nokuthumela. Ubuholi beSoviet babazi ngezinhlelo zomyalo waseJalimane futhi, ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, bebekwazi usuku oluthile lokuhlaselwa, kepha abakwazanga ukulinganisa isikali sosongo futhi babikezela isenzo sezitha. Kamuva, uFitin waqala ukwakhiwa komnyango onolwazi neyokuhlaziya.
Ehlobo lika-1941, lapho amaJalimane ehlasela indawo yeSoviet Union, uPavel Mikhailovich wayesenkabeni yemicimbi yezepolitiki. Wayalwa ukuba asungule ubudlelwano nama-ejenti ohlangothini lwesitha. Ikhanda lobuhlakani bakwamanye amazwe bakwa-USSR abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe abasebenza emazweni angenamikhawulo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingqungquthela ye-tehran yabanjwa kanti ukwaphuka kwaqedwa ngesikhathi seMpi enkulu yokuthanda izwe.
I-Pavel Mikhailovich, uPavel Mikhailovich wambiwa imininingwane ephathelene nephrojekthi ukudala izikhali zenuzi. Isipiliyoni sososayensi abavela eGreat Britain sesibe yindawo ye-NKVD. Ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kwedatha ephelele, izingqondo ezingcono kakhulu zeSoviet Union bezibandakanyekile ekwakheni ibhomu le-athomu ngaphakathi kokusebenza kwe-enormove.
Ama-ejenti akhiqizwa phesheya atholwe eMelika amadokhumenti ashesha ukusheshisa kanye nokwenza intuthuko. Ngenxa yalokhu, uHulumeni kaFranklin Roosevelt akakwazanga ukuba ngabadobi emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bezempi athuthukile obunikezwe "izwe elizinzile".
Ngemuva kwempi
Ngemuva kwempi, uFitin wadedelwa ebuholini ekuphathweni kobuhlakani bamanye amazwe futhi, ngokuhleleka kukaLwrence, Beria, njengomsebenzi woMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwesizwe, wathunyelwa ukuba alandele i-oda endaweni yokuhlala yaseSoviet. Ababhali bama-biographies babekholelwa ukuthi ngale ndlela ubuholi bezwe buqinisekiswa ukulawula ohlelweni lwe-athomu, luhanjiswa ezindaweni eziningi ze-Classic zakudala.
Kukholakala ukuthi isikhulu sezobuchwepheshe sasigadwe ngochwepheshe abasebenza ekwakhiweni kwezikhali zenuzi, bazingela i-oda lamakhemikhali elibaluleke kakhulu le-uranium futhi babukele i-oda ekutholeni kwe-uranium, kanye namadolobha avaliwe aseduzane ".
Ukufa kukaJoseph Stalin nokuboshwa kukaLaurentia Beria kwaba nomthelela omubi ekufezekisweni kwe-Pavel Mikhailovich. UNikita Khrushchev, oweza emandleni, akazange akwazise ukulingisa kwangaphambili.
UFitin, ngaleso sikhathi wasebenza ezinhlanganweni zangaphakathi zangaphakathi eSverdlovsk, waxoshwa ngaphandle kokuchaza izizathu. Ngenxa yalokho, owesilisa oye wasindisa kaninginingi yezwe lakhe ezitheni zangaphandle, kwadingeka aqede umsebenzi wezabasebenzi eKhomishini Yokulawulwa Kombuso we-USSR.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngesikhathi sokuba khona kweSoviet Union, impilo yomuntu siqu kaFitin yagcinwa iyimfihlo. Bese kuba nemininingwane yokuthi i-scout ingene emshadweni osemthethweni.Ngonkosikazi wokuqala, u-Alexander Martynova Pavel Mikhailovich wakhuphula indodana ka-Anatolia, eyayisekela isiko lomndeni futhi yathumela kuColonel Colonel ye-FSB. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izibulo lethule uYise wabazukulu baka-Andreya no-Elena, abathola imfundo ehloniphekile futhi baba ngochwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukene.
Ngomfazi wesibili kaLily Blucher, iphoyisa lezobunhloli lalihlala isikhathi eside. Igebe lezizathu ezingaziwa zenzeka ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezingane ezimbili.
Akukho lutho olwaziwayo mayelana nomusho wesithathu. Ngokusho kwamakhoti amadokhumenti emibhede, lona wesifazane wahlala eduze kwe-wick ezinsukwini zokugcina.
Ukushona
Ukufa kwenhloko yakwamanye amazwe wobuhlakani beSoviet Union ngo-December 1971 akuzange kudalule izizathu zezizathu. Ngosuku lomngcwabo ethuneni lapho kwethulwa amathuna aqoqe amalungu omndeni nabangane.
Inkumbulo yesakhamuzi esivelele yayingafi ezindaweni eziyisikhumbuzo, izikhumbuzo kanye namagama emigwaqo emigwaqweni lapho avakashela khona. Isithombe sikaFitin sasetshenziswa kumafilimu abhaliwe nangobuciko. Umdabu wesiFundazwe seTolelsk kwaba prototype ka-Alex - inhloko yesitayela eSvyopopoeia "nezikhathi eziyishumi nesikhombisa zentwasahlobo".
Ukukhumbula
- Ngo-1973 - Kuchungechunge lwe-TV "Izikhathi eziyishumi nesikhombisa zentwasahlobo" zaba yi-prostitip kaVladimir Nikolaevich Gromova ("Alex"). UPeter Chernov ogcwele
- Ngo-2008 - Ipulangwe leSikhumbuzo edolobhaneni laseJodgino Kurgan esifundeni
- 2014 - I-Plashe yesikhumbuzo eYalutovsk ekwakhiweni kwesikole sangaphambili lapho uPaul Filin afunda khona
- 2016 - I-Plank yeSikhumbuzo eYakaterinburg esakhiweni se-Sverdlovsk UFSB
- Ngo-2017 - Isikhumbuzo se-Pavel Fitina eMoscow, eduze nezakhiwo zehhovisi lezindaba ze-Russian Intelligence Service
- I-2020 - I-Pavl Fitin Street eSifundeni saseMoscow saseYasenevo (Inombolo Yesigaba Esetshenziselwe Phambili Yangaphambilini 5063)
- I-2020 - I-Pavel Top Fitin eRepublic of North Ossetia-Alania (Height 4076 Meters)
-Zuzayo
- 1939 - Izempi Cross Czechoslovakia
- 1940 - Ama-oda amabili wesibhengezo esibomvu (i-USSR)
- Ngo-1942 - Ibheji "isisebenzi esihloniphekile se-NKVD" № 000623 (USSR)
- 1943 - Ukuhleleka kwe-Red Star (USSR)
- Ngo-1943 - Order of the Republic (Tyva)
- Isikhulu Esinamandla Sokuhleleka Kwebhubesi Elimhlophe (Czechoslovakia)
- Order of the Partizan Star I degree (Yugoslavia)
- Izindondo eziyi-8