I-Biograge
UNikita Mikhalkov - Umdwebi wabantu we-RSFSR, umqondisi odumile waseRussia, uLaureate wamaphrimiyamu amaningi we-cinema ahlonishwayo. Ngaphezu kobuciko, manje ama-Oskaronosets athatha isikhundla somphakathi esisebenzayo. Ungumongameli weSiko LaseSussia Foundation, ilungu lePhasika Lomkhandlu ngaphansi koMongameli weRussian Federation ngesiko nobuciko.Ubuntwana nentsha
UNikita Sergeevich wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 21, 1945. USergey Mikhalkov waba ngubaba wendaba yezingane ezidumile "uMalume Spama" kanye nengoma ye-USSR neRussia, umama - umlobi - umlobi weNatalia Konchalovskaya. Ngobuzwe nikita - isiRussia. Emndenini waseMikhalkov kusenendodana endala ne-Andrei Konchalovsky, ongumqondisi wamafilimu njengamanje.
Eminyakeni engu-7 ubudala, uNikita waba ngumfundi wezikole ezikhethekile ezine-bias ezikhethekile, lapho ngemuva kokuphela kwenkambo yokuqala engakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa, ngoba akuzange kubhekane nokutholwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwisayensi ngqo. Lapho abazali beqala ukucaca ukuthi ingane ngeke isakwazi ukuxazulula noma yimuphi umsebenzi ngokuzimela, wadluliselwa esikoleni esilula.
Ebusheni bakhe, uNikita wakhombisa amakhono okudala, okungazange akumangaze izihlobo, ngoba umfana uyisizukulwane esidumile sodumo odumile kakhulu, eshiya izimpande zekhulu le-XV. UNikita uvakashele isikole somculo kanye nesitudiyo sezemidlalo. Esesha osemusha likaMikhalkov, waphupha ngomsebenzi ozokwenza futhi wakhula ngokugcwele kule ndlela.
Ngo-1963, inganekwane yesikhathi esizayo ye-cinema yaseRussia yabhaliswa esikoleni saseSchukin Theatre, lapho kuthi lapho kudonswa khona izifundo ze-4 ngokudubula kuma-movie, ngaleso sikhathi akuzange kukhuthazwe esikhungweni semfundo.
Lesi simo asizange sicasule umfana, futhi akazange ashintshe umqondo wakhe umzuzu wokuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe emanyuvesi aseshashalazini. Ngokushesha nje emva kokuncishiswa kusuka ku- "Pike", uNikita wangena vgik enkambweni yesi-2, okwathi ngesikhathi aphothula ngaso u-Andrei.
Ngemuva kokuphela kweVGIK ngo-1971, uNikita Mikhalkov wabiza le sevisi eKamchatka Fleet ebhodini i-Cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov. Ngisho naseminyakeni yezempi, insizwa yokudala ayizange iphuthelwe ithuba lokubonisa ithalente, ngakho-ke wahlanganyela kumakhonsathi wemisebenzi yezempi yama-arateur.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngomfazi wokuqala u-Anastasia Vertinskaya Nikita Mikhalkov wahlangana eminyakeni yakhe yabafundi ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa ePike. Ngesikhathi uNastya esevele ekwazile ukuthandwa kakhulu, ukudlala ezindimeni eziyinhloko ze- "Scarlet Sails" kanye ne "MIMED MAN" izindima ". Kulobu buhle, i-smoktunovsky no-Andrei Mironov babenakekelwa le nkathi.Indodakazi yomculi no-Actor Alexander Vertinsky ekuqaleni, bajwayele ukunakwa kwesilisa, abanakanga ukunakekela uNikita. Umlingisi osemusha wabalwa umfana wesikhathi eside "u-guttleire" emnyango wawo onezimbali zezimbali. Ekugcineni, le ntombazane yaphendula ukuphindisela kweNikita. Abadlali abasebasha balunyule ubudlelwano ngo-1966, lapho umshayeli wabo wokuqala uStepan wayeyisigamu ngonyaka.
Kodwa-ke, impilo yomuntu siqu yabadlali ababili abasebasha ayizange isebenze. U-Anastasia ufisa inkazimulo, wayefuna ukwenza umsebenzi ogqamile e-cinema, futhi uMikhalkov wayedinga umfazi othembekile, emi e-slab futhi ebeletha izingane. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1971, abashadikazi bahlukana. Kamuva engxoxweni, uVertinskaya wagcizelela kaninginingi ukuthi lesi sinqumo sasilungile futhi sabasiza ukuba bahlale abangane.
Unkosikazi wesibili uNikita Mikhalkov waba Tatyana Solovyov, lapho umlingisi eboshelwa khona impilo ngaphandle kwamaphompali womshado akhethekile ekuqopheni kwefilimu "kwakhe phakathi kwabanye, omunye umuntu phakathi kwakhe". Ngaphambi komshado noMqondisi, le ntokazi yakwazi ukuvakashela isimo somkakhe - u-Alexander Shigayev, uchwepheshe kwezemidlalo yezengqondo.
Ngaphambi kokuba ajwayelene noMikhalkov, uTatiana wasebenza njenge-mannequin endlini yezingubo zokugqoka e-Kuznetsky Bridge, kwabhekwa izintandokazi zikaVyacheslav Zaitsev. Kepha ngenxa yothando ngoNikita washiya umsebenzi. Unkosikazi wabeletha umqondisi emshadweni wezingane ezingaphezu kwezintathu: ngo-1974 - indodakazi ka-Anna, ngonyaka we-1975 - indodana ka-Artem no-1986 - Indodakazi yendodakazi.
Umndeni kaNikita Sergeyevich wabheka okuyisibonelo, kepha amahemuhemu ngoMqondisi nabesifazane bakhe babengakaze bamiswe futhi baphenduka ubufakazi nemininingwane kakhulu nemininingwane. I-Scandal enkulu yaqala ngo-1994, lapho uMikhalkov wahlangana ne-Alice Promplpnis. Le ntombazane yahambisana nomqondisi yonke indawo, emphakathini kwabizwa ngokuthi umsizi wakhe othandekayo. Kepha ngisho nangemva kwalokho isibopho saxoxa ngalokho u-Alice ahlangana nalokho.
UMikhalkov waba usongo lwesibili eMikhalkov, ahlangana nalo ngonyaka ka-2000. Intatheli encane yamhlaba umxhwele uMatra, yavela naye ezithombeni eziningi. Ngo-2011, uLemeshheva wafinyelela esicanyweni. Abanye baxoxa ngokuthi le ntokazi yanikeza umqondisi wengane ethosiwe. Lolu lwazi alutholanga lolu lwazi.
I-Nikita Mikhalkov's Biography yayivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezingxoxo ngamanoveli ohlangothini, nonkosikazi wayo evale amehlo. Noma kunjalo, abalandeli abamangali lapho bethola ukuthi uMqondisi noTatiana Mikhalkol baqala ukuhlala ngokwahlukile. UNikita Sergeevich wazinza enkabeni yeMoscow, futhi uTatiana wasala eManor eNikolina Mountain emadolobheni angaphansi komhlaba.
Ngasikhathi sinye, abashadikazi abaphawula ngalo mcimbi, kwakungekho ukugqama okusemthethweni kobudlelwano. Kungenzeka uma kungafinyeleli isehlukaniso, khona-ke kungukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana ebudlelwaneni nasendleleni yokuphumula.
Kwi-Intanethi, ngesinye isikhathi saba namanye amahemuhemu agula umdlavuza, kepha akukho ukuqinisekiswa kwalolu lwazi uNikita Mikhalkov nomndeni wakhe abanikezelanga. Ngo-2016, uNikita Sergeevich kuqala waphuthelwa ukuvulwa komkhosi we-Moscow International Film Festival. Lokhu kujabulele umphakathi ngokwengeziwe. Njengoba kwenzeka, umqondisi ngempela wayengemhlakulele. Wayenokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu, kepha wanqoba lesi sifo, wafika lapho kuvalwa umkhosi, wamomotheka izintatheli futhi wabuzwa ngesithombe ekwamuseni noCatherine Vilkova.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi zonke izingane ezine zomqondisi ziye ezinyathelweni zikaYise futhi azibuyanga esiko lomndeni wakwaMikhalkov. Bonke babenendlela ethile e-ciriani cinema, egxile emaphethelweni emidwebo kababa nabanye ababhali ababi.
UStepan Mikhalkov akazange abe ngumlingisi kuphela, usebenza ebhizinisini lokudlela. U-Anna Mikhalkov uvame ukususwa kwifilimu ezimele futhi waba ngumkhiqizi wefilimu "i-White Square", athathe umqondisi. U-Artem Mikhalkov udume kakhulu njengomenyusheli we-TV, kodwa ngazama nami futhi njengomlingisi, futhi njengesimo, umqondisi.
Omncane kunabo bonke bezindlalifa zikaNikita Sergeevich, uNadezhda Mikhalkov, waba ngumlingisi. Ngo-2016, wenza umqondisi wakhe njengoMqondisi. Njengamanje, umlingisi noMqondisi uNikita Mikhalkov nabo bavele abazukulu, nabazukulu abakhulu.
Amafilimu noMqondisi
Umsebenzi ozosebenza uMikhalkov waqala eneminyaka eyi-14. Le mbumbulu yayiyindima ye-episodic kwifilimu ethi "Ilanga likhanya kuwo wonke umuntu", lilandelwa eminye imisebenzi embalwa e-cinema. UNikita udlale emibhalweni ye "adventures of Croša" kanye "namafu ngaphezulu kwe-Boric". Indima yokuqala engathi sína yomlingisi onethalente elenzeka kwifilimu ethi "Ngihamba eMoscow", okwamletha ukuthandwa ezilalelini.
USergeevich naye waqala ukuzibandakanya eNikita Nikita. Ngo-1974, ifilimu yokuqala uMikhalkov "eyakhe phakathi kwabanye, omunye umuntu phakathi kwakhe" waphuma kwizikrini. Emva kwalokho, umqondisi we-novice waqala isikhathi esithelayo, okwathatha iminyaka eyi-10. Ngemuva kwalokho cishe njalo ngonyaka wadubula izithombe eziye zahlonipha amaphrimiyamu ahlonishwayo.
UNikita Mikhalkov uphinde waqhubeka nokuhlungwa e-cinema futhi wathanda umphakathi ngezindima zefilimu "," Siberee Romance ". Lesi sakamuva saba ifilimu emakiwe yomdlali kanye nomethuli we-TV odumile kanye nomlingisi uLarisa Guzeva. Ngo-1984, ngenxa yegalelo eSoviet Cinema, i-Aktera noMqondisi uNikita Mikhalkov owabelwe isihloko somculi we- "People People of RSFSR".
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980s, umlingisi osuvele wazaziwa ngaleso sikhathi ngaleso sikhathi "umsunguli", umsebenzi wokuqala owawuyisithombe esinqobayo sika- "pura - insimu yothando", eyathola "uNika" no- "Oscar". Amafilimu alandelayo wefilimu le-cinema nawo adalwe kule studio. Ngo-1992, uNikita Mikhalkov wangena ephathekayo yesisekelo sesiko saseRussia, kwathi ngo-1993 wamkhanda.
Ngo-1993 ifilimu ka-1993, ifilimu kaMikhalkov ebizwa ngokuthi "u-Anna: kusuka ku-6 kuye kwayi-18 kuya ku-18" kwakhululwa izikrini, lapho umqondisi-umbhali ekhuluma khona ngempilo yendodakazi endala. Ukukhula komlingisi wesikhathi esizayo, ithuba lakwazi ukubheka izithameli. Ngemuva konyaka, uNikita Sergeevich wasusa odumile kuze kube namuhla ifilimu "eshiswe yilanga", elathola imiklomelo eminingi ehlonishwayo, kufaka phakathi i-Oscar neCannes File Foustic Grand Prix.
Ngo-1998, inkosi yaba yinhloko yeNyunyana yama-cinematorgraphirs aseRussia, ngaphandle kokumisa imisebenzi yokudala ezinkombeni zokubamba kanye nezezimali. Ngo-1999, ifilimu yaseSibellov "i-Siber Barber" yadedelwa kwizikrini, lapho u-Oleg Menthikov abe khona, futhi abadlali baseNtshonalanga babethintekile - uJulia Ormond noRichard Harris. Ngo-2007, izikrini zaphuma ezikrinini "12", ngo-2010 - "zishiswe yiLanga 2", ngo-2013 - "Umhlaba we-Alien -" ngo-2014 "iSunch Punch".
Izithombe zaphawulwa ngokuphakanyiswa kwemiklomelo nemiklomelo. Ifilimu lomqondisi liqukethe amafilimu angu-16 ubude obu-16, ngalinye lalishiya uphawu lwalo emlandweni we-cirinali yaseRussia. Imisebenzi ebonakalayo ebonakalayo kaNikita Sergeyevich yaba izindima ezithombeni ze- "zhmurki", "Angilimazi", "umeluleki we-stat".
Ngo-2008, uNikita Mikhalkov angalahlekelwa yinhloko yenhloko yeNyunyana yama-cinematographirs. Ingqungquthela elandelayo yakhetha ikhanda lakhe likaMarlene Huziev. Isimangalo kuMqondisi kwakuyi-opacity yemisebenzi yezezimali yeNyunyana futhi ayihloniphi izinqumo zeCongreses. UMikhalkov obizwa ngokuthi ukhetho olwenza ukhetho olungemthetho futhi oluqoqiwe. Lokhu kwavumela uNikita Sergeyevich ukuthi ahlale eposini lakhe.
Ngo-2018, isimo sempilo yalowo mqondisi saphinde sabangela i-alamu evela kwabalandeli bakhe. NgoMeyi, ngesikhathi sohambo oluya eNizhny Novgorod Nikita Sergeevich yathola ukulimala kwe-hip. Ngosizo bekufanele ngiphendukele kodokotela. Kepha imiphumela yaphenduka imbi kakhulu kunendlela eyayibonakala ekuqaleni. Ekwindla kweMikhalkov, kwakukhona imisebenzi ehleliwe engu-2, ngemuva kwalokho isimo sakhe sazinza. Kamuva, i-Master of Russian cinema isivele ivele emicimbini yezwe.
Izinkinga zempilo azizange zithinte izinhlelo zokudala zeNikita Mikhalkov. Umqondisi, kanye nabafowethu uPressnyrakov, usevele wadala umbhalo wefilimu entsha "i-chocolate revolation". Le filimu izoxoxwa ngayo kwifilimu, indodakazi yazo efa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula ihlele i-French Resort. UMaestro ngokwakhe uwela ngaphansi kophenyo - usolwa ngokuhlela lokhu kuhlaselwa.
Kukhona ebhange le-piggy nikita mikhalkov nomsebenzi wezemidlalo. Ukwakhiwa kwakhe kwe- "metamorphosis" kwathola uhlelo lwesithathu. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukusebenza ngemisebenzi ka-Anton Chekhov no-Ivan Bunin bakhonjiswe ngo-2017. Indalo yakhe yabamba iqhaza abathweswe iziqu ze-Academy of Cinematographic Art, eyasungulwa nguMikhalkov.
Ibhizinisi
Kusukela ngo-2009, umqondisi usuphenduke omunye wabahleli bebhizinisi elenziwe ngewayini e-Italy, ezicini zokukhiqiza lapho uphawu lwewayini elite akhiqizwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Doodica", elihunyushelwa "kuyishumi nambili". Leli wayini liqanjwe nge-Mikhalkov Mikhalkov "12".Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondisi wefilimu ungumnikazi wamahlathi ngokuthi amahlathi athi "TEMINO-FORECH" kanye "TEMINO-Pavlovskoye", lapho amapulangwe nefenisha kucutshungulwa. UNikita Mikhalkov futhi ungumnikazi wenye yezitshalo ezinkulu kakhulu zokucubungula amadayimane eRussia (TM Uraldiamond), maqondana nalokho ngo-2013 i-FSB yeRussia Federation, kwasungulwa icala lobugebengu.
Umsebenzi Wezenhlalo
Umlingisi wefilimu odume kakhulu futhi umlingisi uphinde aqhube imisebenzi esebenzayo yezenhlalo. Ukubabaza komphakathi okunomphakathi ngokubamba iqhaza kwakhe kwenzeka ngo-2007. Lapho-ke izibalo zamasiko ezintathu, phakathi kwazo uNikita Mikhalkov ezingena ngazo, zabhalela incwadi eya eVladimir Putin, lapho avezwa khona ngoMongameli waseRussia ukuze aqhubeke nemisebenzi yezepolitiki futhi aqhubeke nethemu lesithathu lezepolitiki. Abagxeki babale isenzo esifanayo nesivimbekile, njengoba abalobi bencwadi bevezwa kuso okusolwa ukuthi banombono wabo bonke abalingisi baseRussia nabaculi.
Ngo-2011, umqondisi waqala ukuyazi kahle i-Intanethi. Ubhalise kwiplatifomu ethi "Live Journal" kanye ne- "Yutube". Le ndoda yaqala ukuqhuba ibhulogi yevidiyo ngaphansi kukaNikita-besongo, yawubopha emveni wayo ezulwini. Kulolu vidiyo trade, uNikita Mikhalkov walwa ne-Untold, ngombono wakhe, imininingwane ye-Intanethi, wabonisa ukubukwa kwezepolitiki. Isiteshi sakhangiswa amabhlogo amaningi wevidiyo. I-blog yasheshe yathandwa futhi yathola ababhalisile abaningi. Ukusuka kulokhu kukhule kuwebhusayithi yomlobi "besgontv".
Kwakungekho sibalo samasiko njengohlangothi futhi kusukela embuzweni wase-Ukraine, owanikezwa izingqinamba eziningana zokudluliselwa kombhali "Besgunv". Kubo, umqondisi wabelane ngezilaleli ngesimo e-Ukraine, wakhuluma ngama-fascian kanye neBanderovtsy, futhi waveza nokuzisola ngobunikazi bokuthi abahlali bezakhamizi basentshonalanga yezwe lasentshonalanga nezwe.
Umbhali weNikita Mikhalkov ungumnikazi wezincwadi eziningana. Iminyaka eminingi, umqondisi wahola idayari yomuntu siqu futhi kuphela ebukhuleni wethule imibhalo yakhe esebenza kumfundi. Lezi yizincwadi ezinobudlova nezincwadi zobuntatheli "insimu yothando lwami", "isizungu sasobala", "kwesokudla futhi kuyiqiniso. I-Manifesto ikhanyiselwe i-Conservatism "," Besame. I-Russia phakathi kwesikhathi esedlule nekusasa. " Kwakhululwa incwadi ehlukile ngama-Memoirs "ama-diarries ami".
Ngo-2015, abafowethu uNikita Mikhalkov no-Andrei Konchalovsky badale iphrojekthi yenethiwekhi yokupheka yaseRussia "badla ekhaya!", Obekufanele abe ngenye indlela yezangaphandle yeMcDonald's. Isikhulu senethiwekhi yokudla okunempilo sesiphenduke umfazi ka-Andrei konchalovskky julia vysotskaya. Izitolo zokuqala zavela ngo-2017.
Nikita mikhalkov manje
Entwasahlobo ka-2020, uNikita Sergeevich wabandakanyeka emlandweni ngeMetropolitan Tikhon (emhlabeni - Georgy Shevkunov). Abaduni bakuphoqelele ukubizwa kukaNgqongqoshe Webandla ngezwe elinamandla lalokhu, futhi kwashicilelwa nengxoxo kaTikhon nomqondisi. UMikhalkov wacela ukuvala ukukhiqizwa kweKonstantin Bogomolov "umyeni ophelele", ebiza umkaKsenia Sobchak "ongenalutho noPateria".Uchungechunge lokudluliselwa kwe- "Nqubekela phambili" lwaqhubeka. Maphakathi nokutheleleka kwe-candemic coronavirus, umqondisi wanquma ukuhlanganyela nomphakathi nombono wakhe wezehlakalo ezenzeka emhlabeni. Ikakhulu, uMikhalkov waphakamisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwesembozo se-pandemic Bill Gates, inani labantu bePlanethi liya. Ukukhishwa kwavinjelwa, akuzange kuvulwe ethesheni.
Kamuva kuphrojekthi efanayo uNikita Sergeevich "waphendula" esimweni eBelarus. Kusukela ngo-Agasti, izwe selimboze iziphithiphithi ezibangelwa ukungathembani izakhamizi emiphumeleni yokhetho lukamongameli. Ukushayisana okukhulu kwezakhamizi ezinama-ejensi okuqinisa umthetho kwaqala. UMikhalkov uphakamise ukuthi izithombe ezivela kumasheya okubhikisha azinangqondo. Abantu esixukwini sababhikishi, ngokusho koMqondisi, badonswa ngosizo lwemidwebo yekhompyutha ukuqinisa umbono wesisindo sabaphambukayo.
Akunakwa ngumlobi "ukhathele yilanga" kanye nesimo ngobunono balowo ophikisi u-Alethei Navalny. Kumagazini ka-Septemba, uMikhalkov, uMikhalkov wadonsela ukunaka kwezilaleli ziye kwimininingwane eminingi "engamaqiniso" kule ndaba, ephawula ukuthi akukho bufakazi obukholisayo bobuhlakani benqubomgomo banikezwe.
Ukusinda ngendlela yesiko laseRussia, engxoxweni, umqondisi wagcizelela ukuthi iRussia icebile kubantu abancane, abahlakaniphile abaqonda ukuthi kwenzekani, futhi bangashintsha okuthile. Kepha ukufeza lezi zinhloso kudinga ukuguqulwa kwabakhethiweyo. UMikhalkova akanayo i-akhawunti ku- "Instagram", kepha uhola amaphrofayli kwamanye amanethiwekhi omphakathi.
Izics
- Ngo-1974 - "Eyenzelwe abanye, omunye umuntu phakathi kwabo '
- 1975 - "Izigqila zothando"
- Ngo-1977 - "Ukudlalwa Okungafanele Kwopiyano Wemishini"
- 1979 - "Kusihlwa Kusihlanu"
- Ngo-1979 - "Izinsuku ezimbalwa ezivela empilweni ye-I. I. Oblomov"
- 1981 - "Rodna"
- 1987 - "Mnyama"
- 1991 - "I-RAHA - Insimu Yothando"
- 1994 - "Ukushiswa yiLanga"
- 1998 - "I-Siber Barber"
- Ngo-2007 - "12"
- 2010 - "Ukhathele ilanga 2: Ukufika"
- 2011 - "Ukushiswa yilanga 2: Citadel"
- 2012 - "Ngemuva kwesikole"
- 2014 - "I-Sunflow"
I-Bibliography
- "Insimu Yothando Lami"
- "Isizungu Somphakathi"
- "Kwesokudla neqiniso. UManifesto ukhanyiselwe ama-conservatism "
- "Besgun. I-Russia phakathi kwesikhathi esedlule nekusasa "
- "I-Diaries yami"