I-Biograge
Umbhali we-Scriptlerrind Legend, olahlekile noma umuntu ophethwe ngutshwala, - okwenzeka ngesikhathi sesiJalimane uMannevich, kwesinye isikhathi amaqiniso aphikisanayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-biography yakhe yanamuhla inempikiswano eningi phakathi kwezibalo ze-cinema.Ubuntwana nentsha
UHerman Jacob Mankievich uthe engxoxweni yokuthi uyise uFranz wakulindelana kakhulu yindlalifa. Umfana wayenezindlela ezimbili - kungaba zilandele, noma aphendukele ekuphelelweni yithemba. Ngokombono wakhe, wakhetha owesibili. Noma kunjalo, sekuvele ebusheni bakhe bakhombisa izimfanelo ezazivumela abazali ukuba baziqhenye ngeNdodana.
Umbhali wesikhathi esizayo wazalwa ngoNovemba 7, 1897 eNew York. Ngokwehlukana kufanele atshele ngomndeni wakhe. Ubaba, ukuba ngumJuda wobuzwe, wayehlala eBerlin, kodwa wasuka lapho waya e-United States. Lapho, wahlangana naye owakwakhe, uJoanna Blumenau.
Oshadile, abathandi bahlala isikhashana eNew York, base bethuthela ePennsylvania. Lapho, uJakobe wayenomfowethu nodadewethu. Ebuntwaneni, umfana wayenengqondo futhi efuna ukwazi, enentshisekelo ezincwadini. Lapho ebuyela edolobheni, namhlanje obizwa nangokuthi "Big apple", iManMaWielicz yangena e-Columbia University.
Kumfundi, le nsizwa yenza izinyathelo zokuqala zomsebenzi, iba ngumhleli wephephandaba lesibukeli leColombia. Ekupheleni kwesikhungo sezemfundo saya ukuyonikeza umsebenzi wezwe. Ekuqaleni, leli sosha lalimisele embuthweni wezindiza, kodwa ngokushesha lapho ukuqashwa kwembula ukugula, ngakho-ke i-Army Herman yabanjwa eMarine Izinsana.
Ukudala
I-ODO, yemisebenzi yokuqala, uJakobe waba yiposi lentatheli eBerlin. Ngokufana, i-Graduate of Columbia University yasebenzisana neNew York Times Publishing House, ithumela izihloko zombhali lapho.
Okwesikhashana, isantatheli esencane eshicilelwe izinto mayelana nomdanso u-Ayedor Duncan. Ukubuyela e-United States, yahlala eNew York World. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama lakhe livele kaningi amakhasi omagazini abanjalo njengoMgqibelo kusihlwa post and vanity fair.
Kancane kancane, okomdabu waseNew York uzisungule njengochwepheshe onesimanga esihle nolimi olubi. Ngo-1925, wathatha isikhundla sokugxekwa kweshashalazi kweNew Yorker. Impumelelo kule amplua yaheha ukunakwa kwabakhiqizi beHollywood. Futhi lapho uWalter Wagner ehlongozwayo ukuphetha inkontileka ene-studio ye-studio yefilimu, iMankeiewicz ayizange icabange.
Ushintsha iNew York eCalifornia, obonayo wazama izibopho zombhali wesikrini, kwathi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2-3 kwatholakala esihlalweni seNhloko yoMnyango.
UJacob uthole isikhathi esijabulisayo soguquko kusuka ku-movie ethule. U-Errudia, Wit futhi, ngokungangabazeki, wadlala ithalente elidlalwa lapha. UHollywood wayedinga abantu abakwazi ukubhalisa ngemibala yezingxoxo zabalingiswa, kufaka phakathi ukuhlekisa.
Yebo, uHerman wavunyelwa kalula ukuphinda kabusha izindaba zonke ngamashidi. Nge-biography yakhe yokudala, umbhali wesikrini wabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwamafilimu angaphezu kwangama-60, asebenze ngokubambisana nabaqondisi abadumile futhi abhalise izigcawu ngisho nangezinganekwane ezinjengabafowethu abanjengeMarx.
Iqiniso Elithakazelisayo: Igama leMakievich cishe alikaze lishiwo ezihlokweni zemishado. Iqiniso ngukuthi owake waba umgxeki weshashalazi owayekade wahlola isimo eJalimane lamaNazi.
Esikhathini esiningi se-heyday se-cinema sound, iHollywood yasebenza eduze naleli lizwe, futhi abakhiqizi baseMelika babenentshisekelo eJalimane Kinoyanka. Ngakho-ke, benza isidingo seRego Reich yesithathu ukuthi ingasakazeki ama-movie ngokukhulunywa ngegama labatseli abaphuzi abangamaNazi.
Kodwa-ke, isikhundla sokusebenza kombhali wesikrini nezimpande zamaJuda azizange zidideke. Futhi lapho ethola isiphakamiso sokusebenza ku- "Citizen Kane" ezimweni zangaphambili (ngaphandle kokukhuluma kumakhredithi), ngaphandle kokungabaza.
Ifilimu "Izakhamizi Kane"
I-Orson Wells yenziwa nguMqondisi, umkhiqizi kanye nobuholi bomculi eKinolent. I-prototype yomlingiswa ophakathi nendawo - ubukhulu bakaCharles Foster Kane - baba ngumsunguli weLundlest Corporation William Willist. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uJakobe waxoxisana ngokwakho, ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabo.Ukusetshenziswa kwemininingwane yempilo yomuntu siqu kaWilliam kule filimu kuthonywe kakhulu yisilinganiso sesakhamuzi saseCayne. Isiginali yabezindaba yenza konke okusemandleni ukunciphisa inani lokubukwa kwesithombe. Noma kunjalo, namuhla bakhuluma ngale phrojekthi njengobungcweti beHollywood, kwathi ngo-1941 wanikezwa umklomelo woMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wezomkhandlu Wefilimu.
Ukusebenza esimweni, iMankeiewicz isivele yahlushwa utshwala. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sibhekane nomsebenzi kuphela, ngisho nokuhileleka emzimbeni wakhe uJohn Hausman, kangangokuba uthango uthango ngentatheli.
Kukhona izingxabano phakathi kuka-Orson noHermann, nokho, abavimbanga owokugcina ukuba bakhe amasampulu amabili okuqala. Abagxeki, babheka ifilimu, babona kuyo kahle izingxoxo ezibhaliselwe kahle ngemishwana enobuningi, kanye nezigcawu ezihlukile lapho isandla isandla esasibukwa khona.
Ukuqonda ukuthi isithombe sizoba umsebenzi wobuciko, uManMaewicz waqala ukufuna ukuba khona kwegama lakhe kumakhredithi. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, wathola ukubonga okufisayo kokuyekethisa kwesitudiyo, naphezu kwenkomba eqondile yenkontileka ephethayo. Impumelelo yefilimu kwakungukuqashelwa kokugcina kukaJacob ophakeme. By the way, akazange avele ngisho nasekwethulweni kwe-Oscar.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Empilweni yomuntu siqu ye-Genius ayifinyeleli impumelelo engaphansi kwe-Professional Easy. Wazishada ebusheni bakhe - iminyaka embalwa wasebenza ebuthweni. Unkosikazi womuntu wokudala waba uSara Aronson.
Abalingani babenezingane ezintathu ezikwazile ukwakha umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu. UDon Mankewicz wangena ezinyathelweni zikaYise, waba ngumbhali nomlobi. UFrank Mankiewichz naye wahlanganyela ebuntantazini, kodwa wathola ukuqashelwa endimeni yomeluleki wezepolitiki. Ukuphela kwendodakazi kaJohanna yenze izincwadi zakhe ezilalelweni.
Ukushona
Ukufundwa kombhalo wefilimu ethi "Mfundvo ukhetha ama-blondes" ku-Alcohol kuvimbela ku-Professional Sphere. Futhi ekugcineni kwaba yimbangela yokufa. UHerman ushone ngoMashi 5, 1953 eneminyaka engama-55. Ngesikhathi sokufa, le ndoda ibisesibhedlela iLos Angeles, odokotela babeka isiguli ngokuthola isifo se-Umema.I-biography yentatheli kanye nohulumeni onesifiso seJack Fincher - ngisho ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s, wabhala isimo, waphakamisa isihloko, waphakamisa isihloko sezingxabano mayelana nokubhalwa kwezakhamizi uKane. Kodwa-ke, lo mbono wakwazi ukuhlanganisa indodana yakhe - uDavid Finchard.
Ngo-2020, ifilimu "Mank" yadedelwa endaweni yesikhulumi seNetflix, lapho indima yentatheli yeshwa idlale uGary Oldman. Ngo-2021, umsebenzi wezezimali wathola amaqembu amabili emiklomelo ye-Oscar - umqondisi omuhle kakhulu ne-movie enhle kakhulu.
Izics
- Ngo-1926 - "Umgwaqo Oya EMandalay"
- Ngo-1928 - "I-oda lokugcina"
- Ngo-1928 - "Amanenekazi akhetha ama-blondes"
- 1928 - "Izimpelasonto ezintathu"
- 1929 - "Sloba"
- Ngo-1930 - "Inkosi inyafaza"
- 1930 - "Ukuhleka"
- 1930 - "Umndeni waseRoyal Broadway"
- 1931 - "Umucu wokuqala"
- 1932 - "Izimpaphe zeHorser"
- 1933 - "Ukudla kwasemini kwayisishiyagalombili"
- 1933 - "Isobho Duck"
- Ngo-1939 - "Lomhlaba Omangalisayo"
- 1941 - "Isakhamizi Kane"
- 1942 - "Ukuziqhenya KwamaYankees"
- Ngo-1944 - "Amaholide kaKhisimusi"
- 1949 - "Imfihlo Yabesifazane"