I-Biograge
U-Alfred Hitchcock - Umqondisi Wefilimu waseMelika noBrithani, umkhiqizi, umbhali wesikrini. Igama lomqondisi lihlotshaniswa namafilimu asabekayo, ama-thriller kanye nomqondo wokungabaza.
U-Alfred Hitchcock, inkosi yesikhathi esizayo, wazalwa ngo-Agasti 1899 eLetonstone, isigodi saseLondon. U-Alfred uyingane yesithathu emndenini kaKatolika uWilliam Hitchkok no-Emma Jane Wylen. Ubaba wasebenza nge-grocer, umama wabandakanyeka endlini futhi ekhulisa izingane.
Umndeni wawukholwa kakhulu, izingane zivakashele ekolishi lamaJesuit. Lapho, u-Alfred Hhichkok wafunda izimpendulo eziyisisekelo, ezichumayo ekufundweni kwesiFulentshi nomculo.
Ngo-1914, ama-hitchcock abe ngumfundi wezobunjiniyela obusekelwe eLondon kanye navigation School, lapho unyaka wafundisa khona isayensi kanye nemishini. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye wafunda umlando wobuciko e-University of London. Isikole sakhe kwadingeka siphazanyiswe ngeminyaka engu-15 lapho uBaba eshona. Osemusha wadlula izifundo ekudwebeni nasekujikeni, eqala ukusebenza. Umfana waqaphela futhi wavalwa. Abangani nezintombi abaqalanga. Umama ukuphela komuntu owamethemba u-Alfred. Njalo kusihlwa umfana ngaphambi kokulala watshela umama wakhe imininingwane yosuku esedlule.
Ngo-1915, uHichkok waya kwavolontiya, kepha ukukhululeka ngokweqile akuzange akuvumele ukuqashwa kwabamba iqhaza ekulweni nokulwa. U-Alfred ushiywe ebhukwini, efundisa icala elingaphansi.
Isiqalo sesiqalo
Ngo-1920, umfana uthole umsebenzi njengogesi esitudiyo sefilimu, kodwa ngemuva kwezinyanga, wathuthela eMnyangweni Wokukhangisa, lapho asebenza khona njengomculi kanye nomqambi wamafilimu.
Ukudweba amakhadi anamagama wabalingisi bezihloko - esiteji sokuqala somsebenzi, umsebenzi oyinhloko ka-Alfred, kodwa kamuva intokazi enekhono yaqala ukuqamba imibhalo futhi yasiza abaqondisi.
Ukusebenza kubadlali abadumile - uLasky washintsha isiphetho sikaHitchcock, ngoba ngo-1921, enkampanini, isikhundla sikaMontager sithola umvuzo we-Alma, unkosikazi wesikhathi esizayo.
Amafilimu
Ngo-1922, u-Alfred Hitchkok wakhipha imali yakhe emkhakheni wefilimu njenge-spior. Ngokubambisana nozakwabo, uHhungu Kreuz udubule amafilimu amabili: "Njalo tshela umkakho," kuvela izikrini, kanye "nenombolo 13", ukuqoshwa kwayo okungapheli.
I-Biography Biography ka-Alfred Hichkok yaqala ngo-1925 ngemuva kokuqopha isithombe esithi "Insimu Yenjabulo", kepha ifilimu yokuqala kuhlobo lwe-triller lwavela ngo-1926. Lesi sithombe sabizwa ngokuthi "zhilts". UHichkoku ungowomsindo wokuqala we-British Film "Blackmail", ovele esikrinini ngo-1929.
Ngokuzayo, ukushaya ama-hitchcock kububula amanye amafilimu ambalwa. Iteyiphu "indoda eyazi kakhulu", ishicilelwe kwizikrini ngo-1934, yaba umsebenzi odumile woMqondisi.
Kwaqala iMpi Yezwe II, ayizange ivumele uHichkoku ukuba anikele isikhathi sokuzala eBrithani, njengoba eya eHollywood. Inkosi emagqumeni kaBeverly Hills, izosebenza kumkhiqizi odumile uDavid Selznik. Ukusebenzisana kwabo ngeke kubizwelelwa ngamafu, njenge-selznik, yize kuhlinzekelwe ukuxhaswa ngemali yenqubo yokufakelwa nokukhanyisa okuhle kwabezindaba, kepha kwaphazamisa umsebenzi kaHichkok. Noma kunjalo, uRebecca, isithombe sokuqala seHollywood sika-Alfred Hichkok, samukelwa njengeribhoni elihle kakhulu lonyaka futhi sathola u-Oscar.
Ngo-1948, ifilimu lokuqala laseHichkok lavela ngombala. Iteyipu iphume ngaphansi kwegama elithi "izintambo". Izibukeli kanye nabagxeki bagubha umlutha woMqondisi ukuthi badonse imidwebo ethi "Cold" Blonde, phakathi kwawo kwakungu-Accress odumile uMarlene Diedrich, uGrace Kelly, uKim Novak kanye nama-Vera Miles.
Inani eliphakeme lezinkomba zamafilimu lakwaMasters liyaziwa njengama-50s ekhulu lamashumi amabili, lapho umqondisi eseZenith of Diality. Ngo-1953, ifilimu elithi "Ngiyavuma", kwathi ngo-Ephreli 1955 amukela izakhamizi zase-US. Ngalesi sikhathi, iwindi "iwindi eliya egcekeni" kanye nelithi "isiyezi" seza eGolden Foundation of the Classics of World Cinema. Ngokushesha ama-hitchcock aveze ama-thrillers ajabulisayo "i-psycho" kanye "nezinyoni", kanye nenoveli "evela eningizimu".
Kusukela ngomdwebo "Marny", amafilimu aseHollywood Master of Threers kanye "nezinhlelo ezesabekayo" abonakale epholile zombili izilaleli nabagxeki abavela e-United States. Kepha eFrance Hichkok - Idol nenganekwane. Uyikhaya labagxeki baseFrance, izilaleli zimi emgqeni omkhulu ukubona imidwebo emisha, kanye nomqondisi uTruffo, uShaboli noDe Palma bamlingisa nani.
Ngo-1976, u-Alfred Hichkoka "uzungu lomndeni" waphuma. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, i-American Institute for Cinema Camera's yanikeza umklomelo "ngokufezekiswa kwempilo yonke."
Ukuphambuka kwengqondo
Abazali bakaHitchcock bakhulisa izingane ngendlela enzima kakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, u-Alfred we-Prank encane wavalwa nguYise eChamber yesiteshi samaphoyisa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingane ibingazi ukuthi izodedelwa ngemizuzu eyi-10 futhi yaqiniseka ukuthi yayikhona kuze kube phakade. Umphumela walesi sijeziso, ngokusho kochwepheshe bezengqondo nabaphenyi e-Biography of the Director Great, baba ukwesaba kwakhe amaphoyisa. Esikhathini esizayo, ama-hitchcock awakaze axoshe imoto, wesaba ukungena esiteshini samaphoyisa.
Ukwesaba okungaqondakali koshushiso nokujeziswa ngokungafanele kuvame kakhulu ukuba khona ezithombeni zoMqondisi ogqamile. Okwesikhathi esidlule satshelwa ukuthi okokuqala nje lapho kubonakale sengathi kwakuyindoda emnandi, kepha lo mbono wanyamalala ngengxoxo evuthiwe.
Emncane kakhulu, uthando luka-Alfred lwaluvakashelwa ezinkantolo zaseLondon, lapho, njengegumbi, lalihleli amahora amaningi emihlanganweni, elalela izinqubo ngobugebengu obubi kakhulu. Kuyangijabulisa ukuvakashela iMnyuziyamu of Crisestics, ngokubheka ngokucophelela ukuhlukunyezwa. Usuvele usegugile, uHitchkok watshela abangane bakhe abasungula indlela yokuhlamba umfazi ngesandla esisodwa. Futhi ngifunde inkambo emfushane evamile ye-necrophilia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondisi eminyakeni edlule uthole okunye ukuphambuka kwengqondo: Rare Owobios - ukwesaba izinto ngesimo seqanda kanye nothando lokuhlanzeka ebuhlanya.
Amahlaya asebenzayo
USir Alfred Joseph Huchkok wayehlekisa ngokuthile. Anganikeza umlingisi ongazange akhuthaze iphunga lezinhlanzi, elinamakhulu amakhulu abhemayo. Lapho umlingisi uMelanie Griffith wayeyintombazane eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, uHichkok wamletha ngonodoli wakhe wokuzalwa ebhokisini lokudlala, futhi ithoyizi lalinobuso be-melanie kamama, abuswa ngalo. Futhi uSir Alfred wayethanda ukuhlekisa ngezivakashi zakhe, afake imicamelo ezihlalweni, ezakhipha imisindo emibi.
Ngo-1953, izivakashi eza e-HICKKOK said zafunwa yizinwele ezibizwa ngokuthi "uJeanne ngamalahle", "iminwe yabesifazane eqoshiwe" kanye "nezidumbu ezihlanganisiwe ngososo obabayo."
Iningi lazo zonke lalethwa kusuka kuma-satamberry aqhakazile ebuhleni bokuthi uBeauty Actbers, alethe khona kalula ukuphazamiseka okunovalo. Noma ngabe umqondisi wake wavimba ukuthi umlingisi u-Ingrid Bergman, owayehlutshiwe empendweni "unkazimulo omubi", othandweni naye ngobuhlakani.
Futhi amamayela okholo, avele ngefilimu yakhe "hhayi lowo muntu," yena, izinyanga eziningana, ngenxa yezingqinamba nezincwadi ezihlanya, azishisa, ngaphandle kokufunda. Khona-ke lapho umlingisi ezoshada. Nge-TYFTY TYI, i-Hedren Hitchcock ihlele ukubhekwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokwenqaba ekubuyiselweni, izinsongo zokuchithana zibeke emhlabeni womndeni wakhe.
Ama-bichkok's Biopps athi okuwukuphela komuntu okwaziyo ukubeka endaweni ye-squalon ebabazekayo ne-scubaire, kwakunguGrace Kelly. Ebuchosheni emlonyeni womqondisi, waphendula wathi wayesezwile la mazwi, ngoba wafunda nasesikoleni senkolo.
Umuntu Hitchkoka
UHichkok ngokwakhe wathi imidwebo, eyayimelelwa umlando owesabekayo.
"Uma ngidubule" cinderella ", izilaleli zazilinde isidumbu ngaphansi kombhede wakhe," kusho umqondisi kaninginingi engxoxweni.Noma kunjalo, akuyona yonke imisebenzi ye-Master of Master Inspire Horror, ekhumbuza izilaleli amaphupho amabi. Ngokwethulwa kusuka kumaflithoni acishe abe ngu-60 ubude bezithombe, kepha kukhona izimbambo phakathi kwendalo yohlobo lwamahlaya, futhi lokhu kungeyona nhlobo into engenzi lutho emsebenzini wosaziwayo.
Ububanzi bomqondisi wokucabanga bubanzi futhi buhlukahlukene. Abagxeki nochwepheshe baphikise kaninginingi ukuthi into ethakazelisa kakhulu emsebenzini weHitchcock ukuthi ungubani umqondisi ngokwakhe.
Igalelo ku-cinema
Umqondisi wefilimu owethulwe emhlabeni iqoqo elikhulu impela lamahloni ahlukahlukene, futhi ukuhlolwa kwamanoveli athile kubhekwa njengokuhamba phambili emlandweni. I-Hitchcock ikhombise ithalente nekhono lokwenza isimo esishubile ngokwengqondo, okuyindlela eyingqayizivele iphenduke ulaka, ngembumbulu yezepolitiki neyodwa.Ifilimu elithi "intambo" libheka phezulu emsebenzini wokudala we-hitchcock. I-thriller ekhona, i-psychoanalysis yabantu ababili ababulalayo iba yisibonelo sokuthi abanye abaqondisi banamuhla balandela.
Ngo-1951, ama-Nuar-filfilimu "abangabazi esitimeleni", ukuthi igama lakhe lifihla inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ngokwakhe, futhi akunakwenzeka ukunquma leyo ethile. U-Alfred ubuyela esitayelweni esimnyama nesimhlophe, kepha kulokhu kuphela ukuqokwa kokuhlelwa okugcwele kobumnyama, ukuphelelwa yithemba nokwesaba.
Ngikhumbula abalandeli bakaMqondisi kanye nencwadi ethi "Ukubulala lapho ngisethandweni." UMdali wethule iqoqo lezindaba ezimbi ezathandwa kakhulu eMelika.
"U-Alfred Hichkok kanye nabaseshi abathathu" - Olunye uchungechunge lwezincwadi zomseshi namafilimu, abalandeli bobuciko bobuhlakani baphawule kaningi. Nazi izinhlamvu eziphambili umfana amathathu osemusha, kanye nomqondisi ngokwakhe, owabhala uphenyo lwabo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu ka-Alfred Hitchkok ixhumeke kuphela ngowesifazane - u-Alma Reville, wahlala naye iminyaka engama-55. Kwakungeyona inyunyana yabathandi babantu, maduze nje ama-cinematographiphs athanda ukudubula umnandi. U-Alma - umuntu ongakholwayo owayesebenza no-Alfred, owayeqonde owakwakhe okhazimulayo ngePoluslov.
Abantu abaningi bezimbali abaningi babheka uHichkok nowesifazane nowesifazane, benaka amagugu e-cinema, okwaba isiqinisekiso esikholisayo. Mangaki ubuhle obunesihluku esikhethekile nobunzima obuthi "wabulawa" uMqondisi - Musa ukubala.
Emshadweni no-Alma, kwavela indodakazi kaPatricia kaPatricia. Bathi uthando nokuqonda kobaba nendodakazi nokwenza. Ngokuxhumana nayo, njengabo bonke abanye, akazange azikhawulele esilulumagama esingafanele. Kwesinye isikhathi kwakubonakala sengathi umane nje akakwazi ukuveza imizwa ehlukile.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uPatricia washada futhi wabeletha izingane ezimbili.
Ukushona
U-Alfred Hichkok washona ngo-Ephreli 1980 ekhaya lakhe. Imbangela yokufa komqondisi oneminyaka engama-80 ubudala ukwehluleka kwe-renal. Ngokusho kwentando kaHichkok, isidumbu sakhe sasishisiwe, futhi uthuli lwaluswa phezu koLwandlekazi iPacific.
Ngo-1979, iNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi yanikezwa isikhundla sesikhulu. E-Hollywood Alley Star yinkanyezi yakhe. Umphumela we-Alfred Hitchcock unemidwebo engama-55, eziningi zazo ezikhona ama-cinema omhlaba.
Izics
- Zholts
- Ukuvala umlomo ngokuphoqa ukukhokhelwa
- Umuntu owazi kakhulu
- URebecca
- Intambo enkulu
- Iwindi egcekeni
- Isiyezi
- Uhlobo lwengqondo
- Izinyoni
- Uzungu lomndeni