I-Biograge
Inganekwane yabesifazane, isitho sabesifazane, isithonjana sikaCoco Chanel, savela ngo-Agasti 19, 1883 eFrance. Wayeyingane yesibili uZhanna Debel no-Albert Chalel. Abazali bakaKoko abashadanga ngokusemthethweni. Umama washona ebeletha ingane, futhi le ntombazane yaqanjwa ngokuthi uGabriel ukuhlonipha umhlengikazi, okwamsiza ekukhanyeni.
UGabriel akathandanga ukukhumbula ubuntwana bakhe, ngoba kwakukhona izikhathi ezimbalwa ezijabulisayo kulo. Umndeni wawuhlala kabi, izingane zazingadingeki nguYise, lapho uGabriyeli wayeneminyaka eyi-11, wabaphonsa. Isikhathi esithile, odade bahlengiswa yizihlobo, bese amantombazane engena endaweni yezintandane endaweni yezindela. UCoco uyise wake wakubona.
Wayeqonda ukuthi wayengeke abe nanoma yiliphi ikusasa ngemuva kokukhosela, kodwa wayesaphupha ngekusasa eliqhakazile, impilo ecebile. Ukuba odumile, uGabriel Bonor Chanel ngandlela thile wathi uzokuzonda umfaniswano wokukhosela, okwakudingeka agqoke kuwo, kuwo wonke amantombazane awazange angenalutho. Ngemuva kwalokho iphupho lakhe livela - libekwe kahle kwabesifazane.
Isigodlo sezindela sanikeza isincomo sikaShanel, futhi waxazulula umsizi kumthengisi esitolo sokuhlanza izingubo, wacula ngesikhathi sakhe samahhala eCabaret. Le ntombazane yaphupha ngokuba yi-ballerina, umculi, umdansi, yazungeza ama-castings, kodwa ngempumelelo. Uthole igama lakhe lesidlaliso ngokuthi "coco", ngoba ingoma ethi "ko ko-ko" yahlabelela ekheffe.
Ngo-22, uCoco Chanel wathuthela eParis, waphupha ngokuba yi-Modist, kodwa wayengenaso isipiliyoni. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu, le ntombazane yahlangana nabantu abanomqondo ofanayo abamsiza ekwenzeni izinyathelo zokuqala emsebenzini wakhe.
Inkambo
U-Arthur Drops wayengusomabhizinisi osemusha futhi ophumelelayo, imibono kaChanel yamthanda. Ngo-1910, uCoco wayephethe owakhe imikhumbi esitolo eParis, kwathi ngo-1913 wavula isitolo sesibili eDeauville. Ngokuqala kwebhizinisi lakho uqobo, intombazane yanikeza intando ye-fantasy, akukho okuhlangenwe nakho okudidekile. Waba ngumqambi, nosomabhizinisi.
Ekuqaleni, kwaqhamuka uGabriel Bonor Chanel nezigqoko futhi azithengisa ngawo amaParis adumile. Inani lamakhasimende alo lakhula nsuku zonke. Ngokushesha wavele wangena emphakathini we-aristocralth, wajikeleza phakathi kwabaqondisi nabaculi abadumile, ababhali, abadlali. Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke, isitayela sayo senkampani ezingutsheni, izesekeli namakha kwakunobuhle.
Intambo ye-pearl edumile ingumhlobiso omuhle ongcono ngokuphuma kwesikhathi, imfashini engisungule ngayo uCoco Chanel. Ngo-1921, wakhulula amakha adumile "Chanel No. 5". Umfuduki waseRussia u-Ernest Bo wasebenza ephulweni. Lawa kwakungamakha okuqala anephunga eliyinkimbinkimbi elalishukumisela ngisho nephunga lenuka ngemibala edumile.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, coco yethula imfashini ku-tan. Waphumula emphuleni, wabe esebonisa i-tan yakhe enhle kumaCannes. Umphakathi wezenhlalo ulandele isibonelo sawo ngokushesha.
Ingubo yakhe encane emnyama futhi namuhla ingena ekhabethe eliyisisekelo lanoma yimuphi umuntu wesifazane. I-Chanel's First Ephakanyisiwe Izingubo Zokugqoka Zabesifazane Zomhlaba futhi bakhombisa ukuthi isitayela sowesilisa sibukeka sowesifazane futhi nenhle. Yedwa uqobo wavela kumabhulukwe, wayekholelwa ukuthi izingubo zigcizelela kangcono isibalo sakhe esifanele. Futhi isibalo nokubukeka komqambi wemfashini kwakuphelele impela.
Lapho eseneminyaka engama-50 wayecebile futhi edumile. Amaqoqo adalwe ngalesi sikhathi ahlukaniswa ngenkululeko kanye nomdlalo wokucabanga. Lapho kuqala impi yezwe yesibili, uChanel wavalela onke ama-salon, ngoba empini, abantu bebengenjalo bezemfashini. NgoSepthemba, abangu-44 baboshwe ngenxa yokuxhumana kanye nephoyisa lebutho laseJalimane, kodwa ngemuva kokukhishwa kwamahora ambalwa.
UCoco Chanel waya eSwitzerland futhi wahlala lapho iminyaka eyi-10. Inkazimulo yakhe yangena esikhathini esedlule, amaqoqo abaklami abasha avele emaphaketheni eParis. Indlu yemfashini ethi "Dior" wasebenzisa impumelelo emangalisa futhi akazange ashiye ithuba likaChanel. Kepha uCoco wanquma ngenye indlela. Ngo-1953, wavula i-salon eParis.
Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engama-70 ubudala, kwathi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa uChanel House wavela enhlokodolobha yemfashini. Abagxeki abuzanga umklami wemfashini, naye akazange anake ama-linges awo. Ngo-1954, uKoko wethule izikhwama zezinkulungwane ezibunguwe kusibambo eside seketanga, wathi sakhathele ukugqoka i-ridiculi futhi sihlale sizilahla. Iminyaka emithathu edingekayo Coco Chanel ukubuyela e-Olympus eshisayo futhi yenza isitayela sayo sibuse.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Kwakukhona amanoveli amaningi empilweni yakhe - isikhathi eside futhi eside, kepha uCoco akakaze ashade, azange abelethe izingane, yize ephupha ngawo.
Ngo-22, waba yinkosikazi ka-Etienne Balzam - iphoyisa lithathe umhlalaphansi, ngaphandle kwalokho. Wakhipha amahhashi abunjiwe. UChanel wayehlala enqabeni yakhe, wakujabulela ukunethezeka futhi wangabaza okufanele akwenze. Ngemuva kwalokho wahlangana ne-English Artrolo yehla, babenenoveli.
Ngo-1924, isiphetho sikaCoco Chanel noDuke waseWestminster, indoda ecebe kakhulu eNgilandi. Ukuxhumana kwabo kwaqhubeka iminyaka eyi-6, ngalesi sikhathi uDuke washada kabili futhi wahlukanisa. Wanikela ngezandla nezinhliziyo, aphendula ngazo:
"Izinduna nama-Duchess emhlabeni ziningi, kepha uCoco Chanel ungomunye."Isimo senkosikazi sasiphishekela umklami wemfashini impilo yakhe yonke. Wasinda kubo bonke abathandi bakhe, kepha akakaze ajabule empilweni yakhe. Okushiwo impilo yaso kwakuwumsebenzi. UCoco Chanel wabona imibono yezingubo ezintsha ephusheni, evuka futhi yamukelwa ngomsebenzi. Owesifazane osemdala ojulile wayesebenza kanzima.
Ukushona
UCoco Chanel wabulawa ngokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngoJanuwari 10, 1971 endaweni yehhotela "Ritz", phambi kukaChanel odume umhlaba wonke. Wayeneminyaka engama-88 ubudala.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umbuso wakhe wemfashini waminyaka yonke waletha ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyishumi ayisigidi, kodwa emcimbini womklami odumile izingubo ezintathu kuphela ezitholakala. Lokhu kwakuyizingubo ezinjalo, ezazizomona ngeNdlovukazi. Umqambi wemfashini odumile wangcwatshwa emathuneni eBoua De-v (Switzerland, Lausanne).