I-Biograge
I-Efim Coclelian ngumlingisi we-soviet kanye nomlingisi wefilimu, amathregi womculi aholayo weLeningrad BDT (inhloko ye-georgy tovstonogov). Udumo lwe-All-Union lutholwe ngemuva kokuvela esikrinini kumafilimu "avevere avengers", "ukungenelela", "isiphetho sabahlali", "Izingcingo zaphakade".
U-Efim Copelllan wazalelwa edolobheni laseBelarusian eReshitsa ngo-Ephreli 1912 emndenini ocebile. Ngokobuzwe babasebenzi kwakungamaJuda. Umkhulu kuMama unesitshalo sakwa-sawmill. Ubaba wasebenza ihabhu ehlathini. Umama wanakekela umndeni lapho izingane eziyisithupha zakhula khona, futhi bonke - amadodana.
U-Efima Native EfIma babengabalandeli bezobuciko. Ubaba nabafowethu ababili abaphezulu badonsela. Kamuva, umdala umfowethu u-Isaac waba nomculi odumile - umklami. Wabamba ibhulashi nomculi wesikhathi esizayo. U-Efim waphupha ngomsebenzi wezakhiwo.
Umhlaba we-Art Manil Kofelin kusukela esemncane. Ngolunye usuku, u-Efima wawela ezandleni zikaTomik William Shakespeare. Umfana wafunda i- "King Lire" futhi walwa nobuhle bomsebenzi. Njengoba ayesencane kangako, wayiqonda imibhalo yefilosofi yale nhlekelele, kodwa endabeni yezinsuku ngifunde konke okwabhalwa yiBriton enkulu. Ngemuva kwalokho u-Efim Coclelian akazange aqagele nokuthi isikhathi sizofika, futhi yena ngokwakhe wayezodlala esigabeni samaHero aseshashalazini, okwabangela isivunguvungu semizwa ebuntwaneni.
Ngemuva kokuphela kokuthi "amashumi asemakhaya" edolobheni, le nsizwa yaya eLeningrad. Lapha okwesikhashana kusetshenziswe ne-Turner ku- "Red Putilovets", wabheka idolobha elisha. Futhi wanakekela ngemuva kokuthatha amadokhumenti ayisa esikhungweni sezobuciko, lapho kwakukhona khona ubuhlakani bokwakha. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Efima waphenduka eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala.
Uma nje ngingumfana ukuze ngithole imali ephaketheni yafika e-Dramteater enkulu. Lapha sidinga nje nje izinsizwa zeminyaka yakhe ngokungeziwe. UCopelian wasala phakade eBDT.
Ithiyeta
Ngo-1935, umdwebi osemncane uthweswe iziqu zeshashalazi studio eBDT futhi wamukelwa eTroupe yaseshashalazini. Ukuxoshwa ekwakhekeni "Ngeke ngiyeke", owatshela amaqhawe amaqhawe e-chelyuskintsev. Eminyakeni yokuqala yokusebenza, izindima ze-episodic zithembele enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi.
Bese kuthi lapho impi enkulu yokuthanda izwe yawa. U-Efim Coclelian wabhalisa ngokushesha abe yimpi yabantu. Kepha bekungenzeki ukufika ngaphambili. Kusuka kubaculi kwakha inkundla yemidlalo yeshashalazi yezempi zikazwelonke, ezazingena emgqeni wangaphambili. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqanjwa kabusha uLeningrad Fraya Agitetvod. Kwesinye isikhathi i-troupe kwadingeka ukuthi ithathe umdwebi osuselwa esikhundleni sokubulawa yinhlamvu noma esiqedwa ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, u-Efim Coclelian wabuyela ku-BDT yakhe yangasese. Umculi wayesathenjwa ukuthi adlale abalingiswa abangasho lutho. Kepha ngo-1956, uGeorgy Tovstonogov weza enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, owakwazi ukubona ekwakheni amandla afihliwe. I-Efim Zakharovich idlale izinhlamvu eziningi ezithokozisayo neziyinkimbinkimbi. UTVstonogoGov wabandakanya umlingisi emikhiqizweni emihle kakhulu, phakathi kwabo kwakungokwabo 'abezofika "u-Alexander Volodin," u-Alexander Griboedov, "odade abathathu" u-Antoncecente Tsagale. Ukuze amakhono angenakuqhathaniswa womqandli aze abizwa ngokuthi "Gaben" wethu.
Amafilimu
I-cinematic biography ka-Efima Kofelin yaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1930. Ifilimu lalibanjelwe esithombeni se- "Hero Iphutha", lapho umdwebi wavela njengebhanaliya. Kepha ukuvela kwesibili esikrinini kwenzeka kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-9. Lezi kwakuyizindima ze-episodic kwifilimu yezemidlalo "amabhokisi" kanye ne-adventure tape "derbent tanker".
Ngokuqala kwempi, ifilimu le-EFIM selumisiwe. Ukunikezwa okusha kwadingeka ukuthi kulinde iminyaka engu-8. Eminyakeni engama-50s yokuqala, i-filtigraphy yoMlingisi wezemidlalo owayevele wayaziwa yagcwala ukubamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni kwethelevishini, njengokuthi "Rift", "thanda Yarovaya". Ngemuva kwalokho walandela umsebenzi ekuguqukeni kwe- "ful", ifilimu "yefilimu" eguquguqukayo.
Ngenxa yokubukeka okumibalabala, umdwebi unikeza indima ye-asshole kaHapon, umthakathi wokumba okuvela kuBaku, eCossack Esuul. Efihlemini yezempi Yana Frida mayelana ne-1917 Revolution "Inkazimulo yeBaltic" COPLELLAN idlale omunye wemisebenzi yokuphakanyiswa. Izindima eziyinhloko kulo mdwebo ziye kuJoseph Kutyansky, Pavel Kadochnik. Amanye amateyipu amabili anikezelwe ukunyakaza kwezinguquko, umlingisi uvele ngendlela yebhubesi iTrotsky ("ngo-Okthoba") noGrigoria AllzhoniKidze ("Kochby"). Efilimu lesibili, uNikolay Rybnikov wethulwe ezilalelini.
Eminyakeni yokuqala yama-60, amafilimu amasosha kanye nezinguquko athathelwa indawo amadrama ezenhlalo neziteshi zefilimu. Kumafilimu mayelana nama-cosmonauts "Okokuqala" uCopelllllllean wadlala umcwaningi, eKinolent "713-Th Cela ukufika" kwavela umgibeli wendiza.
Izindima zokuqala ezikhanyayo zathola umculi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960 kwathi ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1970. Efihlini lezempi elithi "goodbye, abafana", lapho iziqu ze-evgen zidlale khona abalingiswa abaphambili, ukulethwa kweNikolai, uMikhail Kononov, uVictoria Fedorov, umlingisi wathola indima ye-episodic yeTinsmith. Le filimu yabuka izithameli zezivakashi eziyi-13 zezigidi, ezazithonya ngokushesha ukuthandwa kwabadwebi ababamba iqhaza kwifilimu.
Ngemuva kwalokho "abaphindi abangenangqondo", "ukufika okusha kokuxakile", "izinkambo eziyingozi", "ubugebengu kanye nokujeziswa", "Nikolay Bauman", "Dauriak Bauman", "Dauria: Le midwebo yaletha udumo lwangempela ku-Efim Kopelan. Umlingisi wadlala kanjalo nekhono futhi enekhono lokuthi ngisho nasendabeni encane yakhunjulwa ngumbukeli kuze kube phakade.
Umlingisi unezwi elihle, lapho kwaziswa khona abaqondisi abaningi. Umlingisi oyimfihlo obizwa nge-Efim Zabodrovich. Leli zwi elisuka enhliziyweni lizwakala kumafilimu amaningi njengombhalo wesikrini wezwi wombhali. Umsebenzi odume kakhulu weCopewan ekuzwaneni - Iteyiphu "izikhathi eziyi-17 zentwasahlobo".
Ngo-1973, u-Efim Zakharovich Kopelian uthole isihloko somculi wabantu beSoviet Union. Umsebenzi wokugcina womlingisi kwakuyindima kaMikhail Lukich kaftanova ochungechungeni lwethelevishini olwaziwayo lwama-gevatomu aphakathi nendawo-70s "izingcingo zaphakade". UPopelly wahlungwa kwifilimu kuze kube yilapho izinsuku zokugcina ziphilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Efim Zakharovich ivele ngamaphrojekthi wesikhathi amabili esibalulekile - i-waterville "Straw Hat" kanye nedrama "olga sergeevna".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umshado wokuqala ka-Efim Kofewan emculweni uTatiana Pevtsova waba mfushane: lo mbhangqwana wawuhlala ndawonye iminyaka emi-5 futhi wahlukana ngawo-1940. Nonyaka kamuva, umdwebi wahlangana nothando lwempilo - umlingisi uLyudmila Makarov. Intsha yahlangana eBDT. Washada ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu ye-Efima Kofelian yathuthuka ngenjabulo. Ngomfazi womlingisi oboshwe ithenda futhi ethinta ubudlelwane obunobungane. Emphakathini, umdwebi akazange athande ukukhombisa imizwa, kepha lowo oshade naye wayeqiniseka ukuthi uFima umthanda. Abadlali bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engama-34. Kulomshado, ukuphela kwendodana kaKirill Comelelian, owaqhubeka nokwenza ubukhosi. Indodana yashiywe empilweni ngo-2005, uLyudmila Makarova - ngo-2014.
Ukushona
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo ka-Efim Comelelian yasebenza kakhulu. Umlingisi wafunwa e-cinema nasemidlalweni yeshashalazi. Ukuvakasha okungapheli, izimo ezihambayo nezimbi zasendlini phakathi nohambo zikhathele amandla futhi zibekele impilo.Ukufa kuka-Efim Cophelin kwaqala ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. Umculi wabulawa yisifo senhliziyo sesibili. Owokuqala wakwazi ukusinda, wasiza odokotela. Kepha ngemuva kokwelashwa esibhedlela, u-Efim Zakharovich wathunyelwa ukuze alungise impilo eSanatorium etsheni. NgoMashi 6, 1975, umculi wagula. Kepha njengoba abasebenzi bezokwelapha sengivele bedlula usuku lwabesifazane bamazwe omhlaba, khona-ke i-ambulensi kwadingeka ukuthi ibizwe kusuka kwaLeningrad. Inhliziyo yomlingisi ayikwazanga ukumibala umthwalo, futhi odokotela lapho befika ngokufa.
Ithuna lomdlali litholakala ekubukeni okungokoqobo kwamathuna aseVolkovssky eSt. Petersburg. Ngo-2012, ngekhulu leminyaka kusukela ekuzalweni komculi, izitembu zokuposa zakhishwa ngesithombe se-potrait sokhokho.
Izics
- Ngo-1955 - "esindayo"
- 1957 - "Ukuhamba Ufulawa"
- Ngo-1964 - "Kuhle, bafana!"
- Ngo-1965 - "Amakhomishani angamashumi amabili nesithupha e-Baku"
- Ngo-1966 - "Okuxakayo Avenger"
- Ngo-1967 - "Nikolay Bauman"
- Ngo-1968 - "Ukufika okusha kokuhlukahluka"
- 1968 - Ukungenelela
- Ngo-1968 - "Iphutha Lokuhlala"
- Ngo-1969 - "Ukuvakasha okuyingozi"
- 1971 - "Umqhele woMbuso WaseRussia, noma awusekho"
- 1973-1983 - "Ucingo Oluphakade"
- 1973 - "I-Crash Engineer Garina"
- 1974 - "Utshani Hat"
- 1975 - Olga Sergeevna