I-Biograge
UMarina Alekseevna Ladina - Umlingisi weSoviet we-cinema kanye nethiyetha. Ngo-1944, waba ngumculi ohlonishwayo we-RSFSR, kwathi ngo-1950 - umculi wabantu we-USSR, wayenguLaureate wamaphrimiyamu amahlanu aqinile.
ILadinina Marina yazalelwa emndenini wasemzini osendaweni yaseNatnino Smolensk esifundeni. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwakhe, lo mndeni wathuthela edolobhaneni laseNazarovo, eliseduze nomuzi wase-Achinsky. Ubaba Marina, uLadin Alethei Dmitrievch, wayenezigaba ezintathu kuphela zemfundo, futhi umama uMaria Naumovna wayengekho engafundile. Ngaphezu kwendodakazi endala, ezinye izingane ezintathu zitshalwe emndenini - umfowabo obekezelelekile nodadewabo kaKlava noValya. Njengoba uMarina ayeyizibulo, imisebenzi yasekhaya yayiphumule kuyo: ukugeza, ukuhlanza, ukupheka. Ngamaholide ehlobo, le ntombazane yasebenza njengempi kumlimi wendawo.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, i-ladyna ikhombise intshisekelo kokuqamba. Ngifunde ukufunda kusenesikhathi futhi ngihlala ngiphinda ngifunde ngabangane ababukekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, le ntombazane yathatha okubulalayo enkundleni yemidlalo yase-Amateur. Ngokushesha, uMarina waqala ukunika izindima ze-Episodic ngokwenziwa.
Umsebenzi wokuqala obucayi kwakuyindima kaNatasha ku-Play "Mermaid". Ngemuva kwalokho i-ladyna yaqala ukumema e-Achinsky Drama Theatre izongena esikhundleni sabadlali abagule. Lapho, le ntombazane ekugcineni yaqiniseka ukuthi ikhetha ubuciko njengomsebenzi.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu, uMarina Ladynina waba ngumfundisi edolobhaneni laseNazarovo. Ngokwesikhashana esijabulisayo, umdwebi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseMoscolod Meyerhold Meyerhold Sergey Fadeev wafika edolobhaneni, wambona ukuthi aphumelele imininingwane yentombazane e-Gitis futhi wanikeza incwadi ethi "Impilo Yami Kwezobuciko. " ILadynina yakwenza lokhu: Ngo-1929 wathuthela eMoscow wangena okokuqala. Ngo-1933 uLadynina waphothula iziqu ezifundweni.
Ngokushesha, uMarina wamukelwa yi-Mkhat's Troupe, lapho intombazane yathola khona yonke imibala yethiyetha yaseshashalazini. Umlingisi wayenenhlanhla yokudlala esigabeni esifanayo eduze noKonstantin Stanislavsky, Olga Knipper-Chekhova, Vladimir Nemirovich-danchenko, Olga Androvskaya. Umdlalo we-ladynina ekudlaleni "E-EGOR Bullenchev nabanye" baphawula ubukhulu be-gorky uqobo. Kwabe sekulandela ezinye izindima eziphumelelayo.
Amafilimu
Ngo-1934, le ntombazane yamenyelwa ukudubula ifilimu "imizila evuthayo", lapho uMarina Alekseevna ahlangana khona nomqondisi we-Ivan Ivan Pyriee. Lo mhlangano waphenduka umnandi nge-biography yokudala yaseMarina nempilo yakhe. Ngenxa ye-Pyrhev, le ntombazane ishiye imicabango yakhe ngesigameko yaqala umsebenzi wokuba ngumlingisi wefilimu.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-pyrien yaqala ukudubula ifilimu "umakoti ocebile" futhi yathatha i-ladyna endimeni enkulu. Ngemuva kokulungile, ihlazo ladlalwa ngeqiniso lokuthi ifilimu lihlekisa ngolimi lwase-Ukraine. Kodwa-ke, lapho uJoseph Stalin ebona le filimu futhi wajabula ngaye, umlingisi osemncane nomqondisi banikezwa umyalo weVladimir Lenin.
Umsebenzi olandelayo ophumelelayo we-Ivan Pyrhev noMarina Ladynina waba yifilimu "ugandaganda", ngemuva kwalokho umlingisi nomqondisi baba izinkanyezi. Kulomsebenzi, womabili amaphrimiyamu esiteji atholwe. Kamuva, iqoqo lama-Status Awards Marina Ladianina lagcwaliswa ngemiklomelo emine eyengeziwe ye-stalinist. Ngokushesha uMqondisi uthathe isinqumo sokushintsha ingqikithi yamafilimu. Lesi sithombe esisha sasiyi-melodrama "intombazane eyintandokazi", lapho umlingisi edlalela khona isitshalo somsebenzi wahlwitha.
Kamuva, u-Ladyna ubekelwe izinkanyezi ehlaya "u-Antosha Rybkin", i-Pinagka yamahlaya "iPinagka kanye nomalusi", iMebedrama "ngehora lesithupha kusihlwa ngemuva kwempi." Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40s, izikrini zaphuma ethempelweni lomculo "Inganekwane Yomhlaba Siberian", lapho kuvela khona uSynasha Malinina.
Umculi wadlala indima kaSihlalo wepulazi elihlanganyelwe ezinhlafunweni zamahlaya "eKuban". Ngemuva kwale filimu, ukuthandwa komlingisi kukhule kaninginingi. Izithombe ezimbili zilengiswe emgwaqweni waseGorky. Kokunye kwakunguJoseph Stalin, futhi ngakolunye - isithombe sikaMarina Ladynina.
Obulalayo empilweni yakhe waba yindima kwifilimu ethi "Ukuvivinywa Kokwethembeka". Ngemuva kokuphuma kwetheyipu yeLadian ne-Pyrieval yahlukaniswa. Umlingisi akasafuni ukufiphala. Ifilimu lomlingisi futhi lahlala lincane - imisebenzi ebalulekile engu-9 kuphela eyenziwe ngokubambisana ne-Pyriedevis, hhayi ukubala amafilimu ambalwa adlulayo. Kamuva, umlingisi wayevame ukunikelwa ukuba ahlungwe, kepha uMarina Alekseevna wenqaba amafilimu, akafuni ukudlala izindima zeminyaka yobudala.
Ngo-1946-1992, uMarina Ladynina wakhonza enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yomlingisi wefilimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlingisi wanikeza kusihlwa amadolobha amaningi eSoviet Union. Ngohlelo "comrade cinema" Marina Ladynina wephula izwe lonke. Umholo wavumela uMarina Alekseevna isikhathi eside ukungacabangi ngezimpesheni.
Ngo-1998, umlingisi wanikezwa umklomelo we-Nika ekuphakanyisweni "kodumo nesithunzi". Ukwamukela umklomelo, umculi wahamba esiteji, ephelezelwa nguVladimir Zelddin, umlingani emfisweni "noMalusi." Ngemuva kokusebenza kwifilimu, abaculi bahlala benobungane ngempilo. UVladimir usephenduke omunye wabantu abambalwa abasendlini yeLadynina kuze kube izinsuku zokugcina zokuphila abalingisi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Okokuqala ngqa uMarina Ladynina oshade ngisho nakulesi sikhungo - wafunda naye e-Ivan Domasnov. Umshado wahlala isikhashana, ngokushesha abantu abasha bahlukana, kodwa ubungane bagcinwe impilo. U-Ivan usaqhubeka nesihlobo sakwaMarina Ladynina - umdwebi washada udadewabo omncane uValentine.
Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, uMarina Ladynina ngemuva kwesehlukaniso senzeke inoveli nomuntu wakwelinye izwe, isizwe sase-Italy, owayebhekwa njengenhloli ku-NKVD. Umlingisi waqala ukumema njalo eLubyanka ukuphetha ukubambisana. Intombazane ayivumanga. Ngenxa yezinkinga ngegunya, uMarina kwadingeka ayeke iMKAT.
Intombazane ayiyikuya kuyo yonke indawo - kwadingeka ngisebenze njengokuhlanza impahla, ngoba kwakungekho msebenzi, ngaphandle kokuthi i-Ording, i-Ladyna yayingenayo. Impilo yomuntu siqu yomculi waphinde waya emzuliswaneni omncane. UMarina wahlangana nodokotela ovela eSiberia waze wanquma ukumthuthela kuye, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye le nsizwa yasuka eMoscow, futhi izindlela zabathandi zashiswa. Ngemuva kokwehluleka okunjalo ngaphambili, intombazane yayilinde izinguquko ezinkulu.
Impilo yomlingisi iguqukile ngo-Ephreli 14, 1936, ngemuva komhlangano nomqondisi wefilimu u-Ivan Pyriee. Ngaleso sikhathi washada, uthando ngendodana yakhe isikhathi eside akazange avumele umqondisi ukuba alethe isehlukaniso. Kepha ekugcineni, u-Ivan Alexandrovich wanquma ukuthatha lesi sinyathelo. NgoJanuwari 14, 1938, indodana u-Andrei yazalelwa ePyryaev naseLadanina. Umfana Marina wathwala ngasese, ngoba ngaphambi kokuthi wenzeke ingxoxo engathandeki nonkosikazi wokuqala ka-Ivan - Sawubona Mochik. UMarina wayengafuni ukuqhubeka nobudlelwano no-Ivan Pyriee, kodwa umqondisi waphikelela kokhe.
Iminyaka engama-20 yomshado nePyyroen, uMarina Ladynina wawungudonga lwamatshe. Umlingani wakho unikeze umndeni ngokuphelele. Izithuthukisi zaphakade ezinkonzweni zazenza zabantu abasemthethweni. ILadynina noPyryev bahlala endlini embonini we-boiler. Ukugqoka umlingisi we-sila modist, kusebenza amakhosikazi aseKremlin. Kepha kuma-50s, uLadan waqala ukudangala okuhlotshaniswa nobudala obuphumayo. UMarina wayengeke akwazi ukuxhumana nezihlobo zakhe, avale ngokwakhe.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlunga kwefilimu ehlanganyelwe yokugcina, umqondisi waba nesithakazelo kumlingisi osemusha uLyudmila Marchenko, owawungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Lesi kwakuyisiphetho sobudlelwano bakaMarina Ladynina no-Ivan Pyrhev, umlingisi akazange athethelele umyeni wakhe.
U-Andrei wahlala noyise. Le nsizwa yangena ezinyathelweni zabazali abanethalente futhi yakhetha lo mqondisi wefilimu.
ILadynina ayikaze ifune ukwenza ubuhlobo obusha futhi yakhetha ukuhlala yedwa. UMarina Alekseevna waphila indlela yokuphila esefihlekile, kodwa wayethanda ukucula futhi cishe iminyaka engama-70 esebenza ngothisha be-Vocal. Kamuva, lapho kuzalwa umzukulu, uMarina Alekseevna waqala ukuvakashela umndeni weNdodana yakhe, wabathengela imikhiqizo emnandi kumakhadi omfundi.
Ngemuva kokufa kukababa uLadynina wathuthela umama wakhe. Umlingisi wathuthumela ezihlotsheni futhi wasiza ekuxazululeni eMoscow. U-Ivan Alexandrovich umlingisi ongazange ukhohlwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe. Ngokusho kwentombi, umqondisi ngosuku olwandulela ukufa kwakhe waphupha ngoMarina. Emngcwabeni womyeni wangaphambili, lapho esinye sezintatheli ebuzwa, noma ngabe umlingisi amthandayo, uMarina Alekseevna waphendula buthule wathi wayesethandile manje.
Ukushona
Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule yokuphila, umlingisi wayeka ukuxhumana nanoma ngubani. Abaphathi abasha baxosha i-ladinine enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi ye-acter acter yokungasebenzi kahle ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo. Kwesinye isikhathi uNain Yeltsin weza kuye, wasiza imali, imikhiqizo, wanikeza isiqandisi.
Kulolo suku obulalayo, uMarina Ladynina wehlela wawela egumbini lokugezela, elala nosuku lonke engazi lutho. Kusihlwa kuphela kusihlwa umgcini wendlu wabuya ekhaya, wathola umlingisi futhi wadala odokotela. Kwavela ukuthi umlingisi wayengukuqhekeka kwentamo yethanga. Ochwepheshe balwa nempilo kaMarina Ladynina, kepha inhliziyo yakhe ayikwazanga ukumelana nomthwalo.
NgoMashi 10, 2003, umlingisi wafa. UMarina Alekseevna wangcwatshwa emathuneni eNovodevichy eduze kwendawo yokungcwaba yaseYuri Nikulina, uBoris Brunova noGalina Elanova.
Ngo-2012, isikhumbuzo esiseMarina Ladynina, okuwukuphela kweyodwa ezweni, evulwe eNazarovo.
Izics
- 1929 - "Edolobheni akunakwenzeka ukungena
- 1935 - "Imizila Yesitha"
- Ngo-1937 - "Umakoti Ocebile"
- 1939 - "Dlulisa"
- 1940 - "Intombazane eyintandokazi"
- Ngo-1941 - "I-Pinkwork noMelusi"
- 1942 - "U-Antosha Rybkin"
- Ngo-1942 - "UNobhala WaseRayoma"
- Ngo-1944 - "Ku-6 PM ngemuva kwempi"
- Ngo-1947 - "Inganekwane Yomhlaba waseSiberia"
- Ngo-1949 - "Kuban Cossacks"
- 1951 - "Taras Shevchenko"
- 1954 - "Ukuvivinywa Kokwethembeka"