I-Biograge
Islam u-Abbganiyevich karimov usopolitiki waseSoviet no-Uzbekistan, inhloko ye-Uzbekistan kusukela ngo-1989, omunye walabo boongameli ababili abangaguquki bezwe laseSoviet, kanye noLurtan Nazarbayev.
I-Islam yazalelwa ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1938 emndenini wokusebenzela u-Abdugani Karimov. Ubuntwana bomfana bekungelula. Lapho amaSulumane ephenduka eneminyaka emithathu ubudala, abazali babeka umntwana izinyanga ezimbalwa entantaweni. Kepha ngo-1945, uKarimov ubuyela endaweni yokukhosela. Ngokusobala, abazali baba nzima ukugcina umndeni omkhulu: ubuSulumane babenabafowethu abayisithupha nodadewabo oyedwa.
Ngemuva kokuthola isitifiketi sokuvuthwa, le nsizwa ingena eCentral Asia Polytechnic Institute eTashkent, ethola unjiniyela okhethekile wemishini.
Ipolitiki
Ngo-1960, uMongameli wesikhathi esizayo wezwe njengoba inkosi ezayo iqala ukusebenza efektri yeTashselmash Factory. Kancane kancane, wakhonza kunjiniyela ophambili e-USSR esifundeni sezindiza ogama lakhe linguValery Chklalov, futhi kamuva wafika enkonzweni yokuphathwa kwamanzi kwe-Uzbek SSR.
Ukuze imfundo ibe yingxenye yeHhovisi, iSulumane Abduganivich yathola okuphezulu kwesibili eTashkent Institute of National Economy. I-diploma eyodwa engcweti kulokhu akazange ayilinganise futhi evikele umsunguli wakhe omncane, abe ngumuntu ozongenela ngokwesayensi yezomnotho.
Kancane kancane, uKarimov wathuthela esitebhisini senkonzo. Ngemuva koMnyango WezokuThutha Amanzi, yena njengoba uNgqongqoshe eganwe ngezezimali e-Uzbekistan, futhi kamuva waba ngobhala bokuqala weKomiti Ekhulu lePhriphabhulikhi. Lokhu okuthunyelwe ngemuva kokuwa kweSoviet Union kuvunyelwe indoda evelele ukuba ibe yinhloko yombuso osanda kwakhiwa.
Ekuqaleni, ama-Islam karimov aagerated macrotherriots ukunikeza amavoti ku-referendum yokulondolozwa kwe-USSR. Futhi abahlali base-Uzbekistan balalela umholi wabo - ama-93% abantu abafuna ukuhlukana neSoviet Union. Kodwa-ke, ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngemuva kombhede weKarimov, owokuqala kosopolitiki baseCentral Asia bamemezela ukuzimela kweRiphabhulikhi yakhe.
Umthetho we-Islam Abduganiviech awunakubizwa ngokuthi uzolile. Ngeminyaka yama-1990s, kwaqina ukuphikiswa, kwaba nokuhlasela kwamaphekula amaningi, ikakhulukazi isigodi sikaFergana saphelelwa yizandla zamaSulumane. Umongameli kwadingeka enze izinyathelo eziqinile zokubuyisela ukuhleleka ezweni. Imvamisa i-Islam karimov yaya mathupha amachashazi endawo ashisayo ezingxoxweni nabahlaseli. Ngenxa yalokho, amaSulumane ashiye ngokuphelele i-Uzbekistan, kepha abanye bahlala bengaphansi komhlaba.
Ekuqaleni, ngenxa yokugcina ukuthula emngceleni ne-tajikistan futhi kuvinjelwe usongo oluvela e-Afghanistan, i-islam karimov yanikeza insimu yamasosha ase-Uzbekistan aseMelika. UMongameli weRiphabhuliki wabalwa ngokuthembekile ngombuzo wombuzo wobudlelwano obushubile baseRussia neMelika, elisakha kahle inqubomgomo yokuxhumana ngamandla ngakunye.
Ngo-2005, i-Islam karimov kwadingeka acindezele amandla okuvunyelwa ezweni. Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-Orange Revolution, uMongameli wenqabile i-United States ngokubekwa okwengeziwe kwezisekelo zezempi futhi waphetha isivumelwano noMnyango Wezokuvikela Wezempi okuvela eRussia. Ngokushesha u-Uzbekistan wajoyina umphakathi wezomnotho wase-Eurasia, ekugcineni uthatha isifundo sokuhwebelana ngeRussia Federation.
Abaphikisi baseKarimov bathi impilo yabantu phakathi nobuholi bayo ayizange iguquke ibe ngcono. Noma kunjalo, emkhankasweni ngamunye wokhetho, umongameli wamanje wagcina okuthunyelwe, futhi angikaze ngithole amavoti angaphansi kwamavoti. Okokugcina lapho ekhethwe kabusha ekupheleni kukaMashi 2015.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwe-Islam Karimov ukhiphe izincwadi eziningi, iningi lazo labona ukukhanya kuma-90s. Okokuqala, kwakukhona imisebenzi "Uzbekistan: indlela yakhe yokuvuselela nokuthuthuka", "Motherland - Ibhekele ifulegi elihlanganayo lezwe", "I-Ideology lingu-Flag of Nation, Society, States."
Njengoba uMongameli wayengumsekeli wentuthuko kazwelonke, wabheka okuhlangenwe nakho kokuxhumana noMbuso WaseRussia, bese ehlala njengengxenye ye-USSR negative kubantu base-Uzbek. I-Basmaci, esebenza ngamandla obomvu, karimov obizwa ngokuthi abakhulumeli beNKULUNKULU. Kakade eminyakeni yokuqala yokubusa kwamaSulumane u-Abduganivich, e-Uzbekistan, kancane kancane ulimi lwanyamalala kuwo wonke umuntu, kuphela abamele isizwe sase-Uzbek abaqokwa ekuholeni izikhala.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-Islam Karimov yayishade kabili. Ngomfazi wokuqala kaNatalia Kuchmi, le nsizwa yahlangana ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhungo. Umshado wawuphila isikhashana, yize ngethulwa kwi-Islam Abbiganivich Folitha. Ekuqaleni, iNdodana yanika igama elithi Rustam, kepha emva kwesehlukaniso, umama washintsha le mibhalo wayiqamba kabusha ingane ePeter, ehlonipha uyise. Kwi-biography esemthethweni ye-Islam Karimov ayikaze ibike emndenini wokuqala, ngisho nezithombe ezihlanganyelwe azigcinwanga.
Ngokushesha uKarimov washada ngokwesibili. Ngalesi sikhathi, umkakhe wayephothule iziqu zezomnotho zeTatiana Akbarovna. Amadodakazi amabili - uGulnara noLola bavele kulo mndeni. Bobabili babefundiswe emkhakheni wobudlelwano bamanye amazwe, basebenza ezikhundleni zezombuso. Ngenxa yamadodakazi, i-Islam Abduganivich inabazukulu abayisihlanu.
Kuliqiniso, odade abakhulumi isikhathi eside isikhathi eside, ngoba, ngokusho kukaLola, bangabahluke ngokuphelele abantu ababheka izinto ezifanayo ngendlela ehlukile, futhi abakhulumi nje. By the way, ngokusho kweminye imithombo ye-Uzbek, uBaba ngonyaka we-2014 wasusa uGulnara eposini elihlonishwayo, njengoba elabonwa ngenkohliso, futhi ebekwe ngaphansi kokuboshwa kwendlu.
Isimo sezempilo
Kusukela ngo-2010, impilo kaMongameli wase-Uzbekistan ishiye okuningi ukuze ifuneke. Ngo-2013, iSulumane Abduganiech yayinokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, kepha osopolitiki alulame ngokushesha. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti 2016, uKarimov, ohlushwa yizifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona, wahlupheka nge-hemorrhage ebuchosheni futhi wangeniswa esibhedlela esibhedlela esisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubulukhuni bokuhlaselwa alubikwanga, kepha buyabuzwa ukuthi kungenzeka kokuba khona kwe-Islam Abduganivich emhlanganweni wokugubha usuku lokuzimela, olwabanjwa ngoSepthemba 1.Ukushona
Septhemba 2 ngo-18: 15 eMSC, uMongameli wase-Uzbekistan Islam uKarimov ushonile ngesimo senhliziyo. Esiphethweni sezokwelapha esisemthethweni ngokufa kukaKarimov, kwathiwa umholi we-Uzbeki waphakade owayehlaselwe unhlangothi, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wawela e-atonic kothile futhi waxhunyaniswa nomoya wokufaka umoya wokufakelwa kwamaphaphu.
Ngemuva kokumisa umsebenzi wenhliziyo, uKarimov, odokotela bamsungule ukwelashwa okujulile, kodwa akuzange kunikeze imiphumela - Ukufa kwebhayoloji kwesahluko se-Uzbek kwaqoshwa ngo-20: 55 isikhathi sendawo (18:55 isikhathi sasendaweni).
Kuyaziwa ukuthi odokotela abaholayo beTashkent kanye ne-Neurosurgeons noMonaco, eFinland naseJalimane balwa nempilo kaKarimov. Futhi, ama-neurosurgeons aseRussia abambe iqhaza ekwelashweni kukaMongameli Uzbekistan.
Umngcwabo we-Islam uKarimov wabanjelwa ezweni lakubo, eSamark, Septhemba 3. Wangcwatshwa eceleni komama nabafowabo eduze kwezakhiwo zokwakha ze-hazret-Hzr emathuneni angokomlando wezwe.
Ithimba elivela emazweni ayi-17 selifikile emcimbini wokuvalelisa noKarimov. Amashumi ezinkulungwane zezakhamizi abuye ashiya imigwaqo yedolobha, okuthi, ngaphandle kokucasha izinyembezi, edabuke ngokufa komholi waphakade.
Ngosuku lokugubha usuku lokuqala lokufa kukaMongameli wokuqala eTashkent, isikhumbuzo esiya eSulumane Karimov savulwa ngokusemthethweni. Indawo yesikhumbuzo yaqokwa leyo ndawo phambi kwayo eyayihlala kuyo eyayihlala e-Aksarai, nayo yavela isikhwama seCharity kanye nemnyuziyamu yesayensi nemfundo ebizwa nge-Islam Karimov. Septhemba 2 e-Uzbekistan waba usuku olusemthethweni lokukhumbula umongameli wokuqala we-Uzbekistan.
Ekupheleni kukaJanuwari 2018, ukutholwa okuqinile kwe-mausoleum of Islam Karimov kwaqhutshwa khona ethuneni lakhe.
Ukukhumbula
- Isikhumbuzo I. Karimov eTashkent
- Isisekelo somphakathi esinosizo
- I-Science nezemfundo yeSikhumbuzo yeSikhumbuzo
- I-Mausoleum I. KARIMOVA