Umlando Wemilingiswa
Akekho umuntu ongakaze azwe ngendoda endizayo e-raincoat ebomvu kanye nengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enkabeni yokuthi isifanekiselo esisesimweni sesihlangu sePentagonal anezincwadi ".
Bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo ukuthi kuze kube ngu-1938, ama-Superheroes, anamandla angenabuntu futhi azabalaze ngama-villains egameni lendawo yonke, alikho. Abathandi bezincwadi kanye namaKinomun a-Avid bangakujabulela ngaphandle kokuthi izenzo zomholi wehlathi ziphange i-robin hood noma isibindi se-knight enhle - i-zorro.
Kepha isikhathi sahamba, futhi abantu bafuna iqhawe elisha - kumnandi futhi linamandla amakhulu, adinga ukwenza izindlebe usuku ngalunye ngezimangaliso: Gcina intombazane kubaphangi, aveze i-Workspiracy, kanye nokushisa komhlaba.
Umlando
I-biography esemthethweni yeSuperman ayikho, ngoba umlando wale ndoda yemisipha ushintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kusukela ku- "Golden Age" kuze kube yilapho inkathi yomphakathi wolwazi.
Kepha kukholakala ukuthi umfana wazalelwa emhlabeni we-crypton futhi wagcwala igama elithi Kal-El (igama lomhlaba - Clark Joseph Kent). Abazali beqhawe lesikhathi esizayo babenomuzwa wokuthi izwe lakubo laliseduze kokubhujiswa, ngakho-ke batshala indodana emkhathini futhi bathumela emhlabeni.
Owokuqala owacabanga ukuletha ukwazi - indlela ye-superhero kulomhlaba okwakunguMdali wamahlaya waseCanada - uJoe "uJoseph" uJoe "uSchuster kanye nomngani wakhe - umbhali we-Jerry Sigel. UComrades wasebenzisana ngesandla kumagazini owaziwayo ngokuthi "inganekwane yesayensi", wabe esethatha ipensela nephepha, asungule isithombe sohlamvu lwesikhathi esizayo lwamanoveli we-graphic.
Abaculi abaphezulu be-Debut Superman baphenduke bengaphumeleli ngokweqile. Emifanekiso kaJosefa noJerry, indoda ebabazekayo yayingabonakali ingaphandle elihle kakhulu ngobuso obubi ebusweni namehlo e-maniac. Le eccentric villain-telepath, efana ne-fastômas kanye nesibalo sesithathu sezinganekwane zesayensi (1933), ayizange ilethe impumelelo yezentengiso kubadali bayo.
Ngakho-ke, baqhamuka noSusterman omusha, bakunikeze izimfanelo ezinhle: i-sigel iphinde iveze i-protagonist, imnikeze ukubonakala kwe-american actor Douglas Fairbensks, kanye noClarl-ego Superman - Umculi owakhiwa ngosizo lwe inhlanganisela yakhe kanye nesithombe sikaHarold Lloyd's Comedian. Manje ibhizinisi lababhali lasala lincane: ukuthola umshicileli. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuseshwa kwelula iminyaka eyisithupha.
Ekugcineni, iFortuna yahlanza phezu kwabangane bokudala, futhi lapho isendleleni ehlanganisiwe incwadi yokushicilela ukushicilela indlu yabanjwa, wavuma ukuphrinta amahlaya amnyama namhlophe amnyama namhlophe abizwa nge- "umphenyi dan: Imfihlo Operative No. 48. UJerry noJoseph bathole ukubuyekezwa ngentshiseko, kepha bahlanganisa ukuphrinta umsebenzi wabo, futhi iSchuster ezinhlizweni bathumela inoveli yakhe enezithombe kuhhavini.
Ngakho-ke, abalandeli be-DC banganeliswa ngesembozo kuphela esikwazi ukusindisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-comrade ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye kokudala aphambuke futhi ahlanganiswe futhi. Ekugcineni, baqhamuka nempi yobulungisa futhi okwamanje baqala ukwakha isudi obekufanele likhanyeke futhi libulale ngangokunokwenzeka; Futhi "ama-panties phezu kwamabhulukwe" athathwe emasikweni e-circus.
Ukuvela kokuqala kweSuperman njengoba sasikubona kwenzeka ngo-Ephreli 18, 1938 kumagazini wokuqala "Amahlaya Asenzweni", futhi ngemuva kochungechunge lweSuperman Commics lwethulwa futhi kwathengiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngamahlaya amahle.
Ngokusho kwabalandeli, ukufa kukababa kwacindezela uJerry ukudala umqaphi we-oda. UMitchell Sigel ubesebhange lapho iqembu elihlomile lezigebengu ligqekeza esakhiweni. Ithimba labazali le-comic lafa ezandleni zokuphanga ngo-1932. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi emcabangweni walo mculi kwavela i-superroof superhero, ekwazi ukubhekana nabaphangi bodwa.
Isifanekiso
Ngemuva kokuba ingane kaCal-El ifike emhlabeni eduze kweStamville, umfana wamukela umndeni oyisibonelo. UJonathan noMartha Kent bazama ukwenza umuntu omuhle endodaneni futhi balethela insizwa enobuntu ngokuhambisana nemithetho eqinile.
Ngakho-ke, lapho insizwa eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala ithola indaba yemvelaphi yayo, yaqala ukusebenzisa amabutho ukulwa nobubi. Abalandeli bakholelwa ukuthi uma uJonathan noMartha abathathenga inani lendawo yonke, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nomuntu ophikisana naye ekunqobiseni ukubuswa komhlaba.
Ukuba mdala, uCal-el wamukela isinqumo esiqinile sokusebenzela ubuntu futhi wavalela iminyaka eminingana enqabeni yesizungu - isiphephelo seqhwa, ukukwazi kahle esifundeni saseNorth Pelle (ukuze sikwazi kahle izifundo zesikole esifushane eCrypton). Ukwazi okwenzekayo emhlabeni, futhi ube semicimbini emikhulu kakhulu, uClark Kent waziswa ngumbhali ojwayelekile ohlelweni oludumile lweplanethi etholakala engxenyeni ephakathi yedolobha.
Intatheli yephephandaba ivela phambi kwezithameli esithombeni se- "White Collar" - esigodini esigqoka izibopho, izinwele ezihlanganisiwe kanye nama-goggles ngohlaka oluwugqinsi. Kepha okuzungezile akuboni ukuthi ngaphansi kwalesi sigqoko esijwayelekile, i-superman engenamqondo efihlekile: noma ngabe i-superman ilungele ukusiza ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma ngabe inomhlangano obalulekile, indatshana ephuthumayo udidekile nowesifazane omangalisayo uDiana).
Yiba yilokho njengoba kungenzeka, ekuqaleni, uSchuster noSigel banikeze iqhawe lezi zimfanelo ezinjengobudlova kanye nolaka: futhi basindise abafazi bakhe kubalingani babantu abanganaki, ababandakanyekile -Ukuqeda.
Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uJoseph noJerry benziwe kusukela "umzwangedwa umfana - umphetho" wethemba lokuziphatha, anciphise umlingiswa wakhe onolaka. Futhi, umfutho weSuperman useshintshile eminyakeni edlule, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokudangala okukhulu, umlingiswa ophambili wenziwa njengesishoshovu sokwenhlalo: elwa namafuzo kanye nosomabhizinisi abazimisele ngenzuzo elula.
Ubuqhwaga
Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, iSuperman yanikezwa amakhono e-Elecnan ngenxa yomphumela we-PhotonOLleic: iqiniso ukuthi i-fireball ebize ilanga lisebenza ngendlela ekhethekile e-crypton. E-Epoch of the "yekhulu legolide", umqondo uzwakala kanjena: amandla adonsela phansi ku-crypton kaninginingi kudlula ukukhangwa komhlaba.
Kepha izimfanelo zamandla zikaClark Kent, njengakwezinye ezinye, zashintshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma iSuperman yangaphambilini ingaphakamisa imoto ngesandla esisodwa, manje isithombe seqhawe esine-chin esinempilo sihambisana nekhono lokuhambisa iplanethi emkhathini.
Ekukhishweni kokuqala kwamahlaya, kwathiwa i-superhero ingalimala kuphela kusuka ku-projectille ye-artillery. Emanoveli alandelayo alandelako, ababhali bezikrini bathuthukisa amakhono omzimba weqhawe, okwenza umzimba wakhe uhlaselwe: ngo-1947, i-protagonist yasinda ekuqhumeni kwe-athomu. Futhi, uClark wayengazi njalo ukuthi angandiza kanjani, emifanekisweni yokudubula, angagxuma unomphela phezu kwesiketi.
I-kal-e inezinzwa ezakhiwe ngokwanele, kanti amanye amakhono akhe azibonakalisa kanye kuphela: ukuthola isithandwa sawo ngephunga lemimoya, uKent kwadingeka afake phakathi ukuhlangana okuphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSuperman iyakwazi ukuvuselela noma yimaphi amanxeba (umphumela uthuthukiswa yi-Yellow Star Light), ine-X-ray Vision, ingandiza ngesivinini sokukhanya futhi ayidingi i-oxygen.
Empilweni yansuku zonke, uSuperman uyakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamanzi, ukudla nokulala, kepha usebenzisa lezi zidingo zabantu ngezizathu zengqondo. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi uSuperman unobuthakathaka. Ayikwazi ukuvuselela imilenze ehlukanisiwe, isengozini evela kumlingo kanye nento ebonakalayo yomsakazo - i-cryptonite.
Amafilimu
Abaqondisi abavelele abakwazanga ukudlula nge-comic mayelana ne-superman, ngakho-ke bathola imidwebo yabaculi kwizikrini ze-TV, ukuhlinzeka amafilimu ngesimo esingathandeki. Amafilimu amakhulu angaphezu kwamashumi amabili, ngakho-ke sizogqamisa umsebenzi othandwayo.
"I-athomic man ngokumelene superman" (1950)
Ngemuva konyaka we-1948, kwaqhamuka uchungechunge olumnyama nolwemhlophe "Superman", izinkomba ziqhubeka nesimo sefilimu elibanzi ama-multi ngokukhipha i-tepile ubude obugcwele. Isakhiwo semidwebo sizungeza ukuxabana kukaClark Kent kanye nosomabhizinisi we-Amord Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex Lex, ozama ukuthatha lohlamvu lwemali engaqondakali. Indima enkulu ye-Muscular Handman yaya eKirk Elina.
"Superman and Merchant" (1951)
Ngo-1951, isudi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemvula ebomvu izame kumlingisi uGeorge Rivz, izinkanyezi ethepheni "Superman kanye nomthengisi." Kulesi sithombe, uClark Kent wenza isikweletu sakhe sokuntanta futhi asuke edolobheni elingumakhelwane ukuvula kahle uwoyela.
Kepha izisebenzi zaxosha ngokujulile, ngenxa yalokho bathola indawo yokukhosela 'yokufudumala', eyaqala ukwethusa umhlaba ezindaweni ze-goosebumps esikhunjeni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le filimu iphelele "kusuka" isuswe ngokuya nge-comic yasekuqaleni.
"Superman" (1978)
Ngo-1978, inkanyezi entsha yakhanywa esibhakabhakeni se-cinema: inkanyezi elandelayo Christopher RIV yaba khona "ama-superman amahle kakhulu" kwizikrini, ngoba bekuyindlela yakhe yokuthi abalandeli bahlobanisa ukubukeka komdabu we-crypton .
Ifilimu libonisa isibukeli ku-biography yakudala yempi enobugebengu, esukela ohambweni lwakhe emkhathini we-spacecraft emhlabeni. Izindima eziphambili zagcwaliseka: Marlon Brando, uJean HACMEN, Trevor Howard noSara Douglas. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uChristopher RIV ubekelwe izinkanyezi ezingxenyeni ezalandela ze-franchise, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka engama-26 inguqulo yomqondisi "Superman-2" (1980) yaphuma.
"Buyisela iSuperman" (2006)
Ngo-2006, uBrandon Ruth wazama ukuzinza nama-villains asendaweni. Ifilimu eliyimfihlakalo lingukuqhubeka kochungechunge lokuqala lwezingxenye ezimbili ezedlule: I-Lex Luther (Kevin Spacy) ithokozela ukuntuleka kwesitha sakhe somuntu ophakeme futhi ilungiselela amacebo amasha, kodwa uClark Kent uwela amacebo walesi sithandwa semali esinezinhliziyo.
"I-Batman ngeSuperman: Ekuqaleni kwezobulungiswa" (2016)
Umqondisi uZack Snyder wajabula ngamafilimu ama-cinemas eccentric umqondo: Amandla anamandla okuqapha aphonsela inselelo umnakekeli onjengoNkulunkulu ofana nowokusebenza komthetho eMetropolis. Kepha ngenkathi uBatman noSuperman bavuselela impi, iplanethi isongela ingozi. Ku-Cast Brilliant yale filimu kufakiwe: UBen Affleck, uHenry Kavill, u-Amy Adams, uJesse Aisenberg, gadite show show.
"Supergel" (Ithelevishini Series, 2016)
Lolu chungechunge lwethelevishini luzocwilisa abathandi be-cinema emnandi ekuhambeni kwesihlobo seSuperman, esafika emhlabathini ukuze silandele umzala omncane. Kepha ngentando yecala, umlingiswa ophambili (uMelissa Benoist) wafika endaweni yasePhantom, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka engama-24 futhi engazange ayithathe, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi asikho isikhathi.
Manje njengoba uClark KENT KENT adinga usizo, intombazane iqala ukwakha owakhe umsebenzi omkhulu. Uchungechunge lukhunjulwa yizilaleli hhayi kuphela uzungu olungelona olungaphansi, kodwa futhi nomculo odlala kuzo zonke izifundo.
Amahlaya nezinye izinhlobo
USuperman akazange athathe kuphela indawo yokuqala phakathi kwamaqhawe e-comic yendawo yonke ye-DS, kodwa futhi waba ubuso bezinoveli bezithombe, izincwadi, imidlalo yamavidiyo, amafilimu anezilwane, amafilimu amnandi.
Amakhosi
- 1930-40e - "Superman, Champion of the Express"
- Ngo-1950E - "Intokazi nebhubesi"
- 1960e - "Izinsuku zokugcina zikaSuperman!"
- 1970E - "Superman vs. Muhammad Ali »
- 1980 - "Kwenzekani kumuntu wakusasa?"
- 1990 - "Ukubusa Kwabaphezulu"
- 2000E - "All-Star Superman"
Amakhathuni
- 1941 - "Superman"
- Ngo-1968 - "Ihora Batman noSuperman"
- 1973 - "Superlorders"
- 1996 - "Batman noSuperman"
- 2001 - "Iligi Yezobulungiswa"
- Ngo-2009 - "Superman / Batman: Izitha Zomphakathi"
- 2014 - "I-League of Justice: Impi"
- 2015 - "I-League of Justice: Onkulunkulu kanye Nezilo"
Amageyimu evidiyo
- 1994 - 1995 "Ukufa nokubuya kweSuperman"
- 2006 - "" Justice League Heroes "
- Ngo-2008 - "Kirm Kombat vs. DC Universe »
- 2011 - 2016 "DC Universe online"
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- USuperman - iqhawe likazwelonke laseMelika ne-patriot yangempela. UClark Kent kwakuyisitha samaNazi: Nguye kuphela owaqeda umshini wamasosha ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili futhi wabhekana noHitler we-Adolf. Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, abameleli beReich yesithathu bezwakala ngalokhu amahlaya futhi bashicilela ukuphikiswa amakhasi ephephandaba laseJalimane.
- Incwadi "s" esifubeni se-superhero akuyona "ingubo yezingalo" yeSuperman. I-comic ichaze ukuthi lolu phawu ku-cryptonia lusho ithemba.
- Abadali bomahlaya beza bephethe izindatshana eziningi zezindaba ezixakile: ngokwesibonelo, kokunye kokukhishwa kwencwadi ebonisiwe, ababhali be-screen bachaza ukuthi i-Cryptonite yombala opinki yenza umuntu ongeyena ocansini. Kuliqiniso, bekulinganiselwe kuphela nge-ferirt yothando kuphela noJimmy Olsen.
- Imbongi yaseRussia yezimpande ze-chukovsky yagxekwa ku-pooh kanye namahlaya wothuli mayelana ne-superhero, eyabheka "ubuthi be-american faculist". Osomabhizinisi wathi laba magazini abanezithombe bakhuthaza ubugebengu nokuphakama kwamandla omzimba phezu kwengqondo.
- Inkanyezi yefilimu ethi "Sinbatik" - I-Nicholas Cage ingubalandeli abanothando lwempinkulu yenkululeko ku-red cloak. Umlingisi uneqoqo lochungechunge lokuqala lwamahlaya, futhi aluphuthelwa izindaba ezintsha zamanoveli angumbala. Phakathi kokunye, ikheji linikeze indodana enkulu yendodana - kal-el.