Umlando Wemilingiswa
Lapho umlingiswa ophambili uphenya isehlakalo esingaqondakali ukuze kucaciswe izimo kanye nokudalulwa kwezimfumbe - mhlawumbe into ethakazelisa kakhulu okungenzeka ukuthi zisezincwadini noma kuma-punema. Futhi ngisho nabathandi bamanoveli, ama-melodramal plays nama-melodramas cishe abukele indlela yokuzithandela yeSherlock Holmes noDkt Watson.
Kepha uma sikhuluma ngababhali, ngokuqinisekile sisesiqongweni sohlobo lomseshi kukhona u-Arthur Conan Doyle, uCharles Dickens, u-Edgar Allan, kanye ne-Agathanible Agatha owesifazane osemdala onesimo esimnandi esikhumbula ngomoya wenyama nangomdlandla I-Erkkulya Poirot.
Umlando
Abanye abalandeli bombhali onekhono baqagela ukuthi ngubani owavela ngaphambili: Owesifazane onomusa osegugile, evuma ukwembula ubugebengu obungaqondakali, noma umphenyi ochwepheshe ngamadevu. Kepha abathandi abavuthayo bakwa-Agatha Christie bayazi ukuthi i-Erkul Poirot yazalelwa emcabangweni womlobi ngo-1916, kanti ukuphutha imashle yasungulwa ngo-1927 kuphela.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, uPoiro uvele ngaphambi kwamehlo abafundi e-Debut Drovel Christie - "Isigameko Esimangalisayo Kuma-Stiles", enyatheliswa ngo-1920. Isakhiwo salo msebenzi sichaza umxoxo wezindaba, umngani u-Erkulyu, - uCaptain Hastings. UComrade Erklya wethula izitolo zezincwadi ezinefa eliyimfihlo lama-stile, lapho abantu bendawo bathola inkosikazi ye-Emily Inglutrp, efa kusuka ebuthini be-stricknin (i-accish white powder).
I-Hastings, umBuddler wesikhathi eside womndeni we-Inglutorp, ubiza i-ErKulya Poiro ukuveza imicu yalokhu kubulawa okungajwayelekile. Umphenyi uphethe ukubuyisa izehlakalo zokugcina ezivela empilweni ka-Emily futhi uthole "umgubho" osolwa.
Kuvezwa i-Biography ka-Erkkala E-ERROORY EKUVULWE NGE-ANVAYELELWE "Usizi EzEnzo Ezintathu" (1934-1935): Umseshi utshele abafundi, futhi ngesinye isikhathi basebenza emaphoyiseni, lapho athola khona Ukudalula ubugebengu: kusuka esikhwameni sokweba ngaphambi kokubulawa kwesihluku.
Kepha lapho uBelgium ehlala eJalimane phakathi nempi yezwe yokuqala, u-Erkul walimala wahamba eyolashwa eNgilandi, lapho ahlala khona. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani umseshi enengqondo ebukhali ekuqaleni ehlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ethola imali ngokusemthethweni: njengoba wazi, izifokazi zingakhonondi ngezinsuku.
Isifanekiso
Kodwa-ke, leli qhawe lisho "elibi, elimnandi, elishukumisayo, likukhulu," nokho, umphenyi waheha abathandi bezincwadi abathenga amanoveli athenge amanoveli wombhali. Ngakho-ke, uMdali wemisebenzi awuzange ukhiphe i-protagonist ezincwadini zakhe, ecela abalandeli. Kepha akunakwenzeka ukuthi usho ukuthi owesimazi we-English azange azondla ngozwela ngalo mlingiswa, okufana nokufana nekati kanye nothando lwe-malic lokuhleleka.
Ngempela, efulethini le-poiro, into ngayinye "iyayazi indawo yayo", ayinakuthola izinsalela zothuli, imvuthuluka engamukeleki, izitsha ezingashintshiwe noma amaswidi. Futhi ngisho nezingubo zokuthi umphenyi athatha ngazo, kulandela imfashini ephelelwe yisikhathi, - ngokulandelana okuphelele: I-Irond, entsha futhi icocekile. Kodwa-ke, lolu thando lokuhlanzeka kokungazithembi lusiza umphenyi ekuvezweni kobugebengu.
I-Erkul Poirot ikhetha izinto zesikwele futhi ayikaze iphume, futhi emaphaketheni ayo kukhona amawashi asethelwe owesibili; Indoda ayikwazi ukulala ebusuku lapho inezikweletu, futhi kwi-akhawunti yakhe yasebhange ihlala iyinani elifanayo: 444 amakhilogremu ama-4 amapeni ama-4. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka engxenyeni ye-Psychology, imikhuba ye-poirot ichazwa ngokwanele: iqiniso ukuthi le ndoda ihlukunyezwa umuntu okhathazayo womuntu. Kepha lokhu kugula akuzange kuvimbele i-ErKulyul Poiro ukuba ibe ngumphenyi weNgilandi omuhle kakhulu, ngoba abantu abanokuqagela babonakala ngokuba khona kobuhlakani obuphezulu.
Futhi, uBelgian uthanda ukudla kahle, ngoba akusho ngeze: "Siyikho esikudlayo." Umseshi ukhetha iwayini elibomvu nge-pore-salus ne-halibut ngemifino ebilisiwe ejusi kalamula.
Ngokuqondene nokubukeka, i-Erkühul Poiro isekhulile indoda enommoya ophansi onekhanda elibunjwe amaqanda namadevu axakile, okuyindaba yokuziqhenya kwayo. Iminyaka eqondile yokushiya amaphoyisa ayikhulunywa noma kuphi, kepha i-Agatha Christie yakhumbula:
"Ngephutha elingakanani engikwenzile ngaleso sikhathi! Ngenxa yalokho, umphenyi wami wadlula iminyaka eyikhulu. "Ngokwemvelo, i-poiro - i-brunette, kepha ngokuhamba kweminyaka lo mseshi ohlaba umxhwele uqala grey, ngakho-ke kuphoqelekile ukuthi basebenzise upende ngezinwele. Kodwa-ke, ekuguqukeni kwefilimu, umphenyi uboniswa kuma-bald noma ama-LYS.
Iqhawe eliyinhloko leRomanov lase-Agatha Christie lincishwa isizotha, kulo mlingiswa oqanjiwe ungalandela imvelo: yize, ngokusho okuthile komphenyi, eqinisweni umphenyi ebeka umlingiswa osondelanayo izici. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungumkhokhi onesifiso sokuchitheka ngokomzwelo nokwamukela ubugebengu obuseduze nenhliziyo.
U-Erkul uphila ngempilo kaBachelor, ngoba umphenyi omatasatasa awunaso isikhathi sokuthandana nabesifazane: Uyazithanda amantombazane amahle, kepha akathandani namuntu. U-Agatha Christie wavula iveli lempilo yakhe uqobo: umcibisholo we-Amur wahlaba inhliziyo yomphenyi kanye. I-Poirot yathola imizwa yothando yeVirginia Meshanar, kepha le noveli ayizange ithweswe umqhele ngempumelelo.
Phakathi kokunye, u-Erkala Poiro wazungeza ama-satellite kanye nabangane abathembekile, phakathi kwabo "phakathi kwabo ', kepha abakwa-HASTIONS', kepha ababusi abangenasici, abahlala bephakamisa umphenyi ngezinqumo ezifanele, uNobhala we-MISHECT Ilamuna.
Prototype
U-Agatha Christie ushiye abalandeli abaningi bamaMemoir asiza ukuveza i-prototype yangempela yeBelgian edumile. Lapho umbhali ehlala ngokubhala inoveli, isithombe sabahlali baseBelgium, abaphoqelekile ukubalekela ogwini oluseningizimu neNgilandi ekhanda.
Edolobheni laseTorka, lapho kuhlala khona i-Agatha, kwakukhona abantu baseBelgium abaningi. Ngakho-ke, ukudala umlingiswa ophambili, lona wesifazane bekungafanele acabange okuningi: wavele wabheka okungokoqobo okuzungezile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngekhulu lama-21, uMichael Clapps uthole amanothi kagogo wakhe, owatshela iGendarme kuJacker Joseph Amoureee, owayehlala emgaqweni ofanayo lapho kwakukhona khona uChristie.
U-Agatha wahlangana nababaleki ngo-1915 ebusuku kusihlwa ebusika, ngakho-ke, ngokusho kokuqagelwa okuthile, kwakuyindoda eyaba yiPrototype ye-Erkully Poirot.
Abanye abalandeli be-Erkulyu, bajwayelene nomsebenzi kaDoyle, bayaqiniseka ukuthi lo mseshi ubhalwe phansi kozakwabo kumhlangano weBaker Street. Kuyiqiniso, u-Agatha Christie wayefuna ukudala ama-pair aqhakazile, atholakala ku-Arthur Konan Doyle izincwadi, kepha ukushesha bekungabaluleki kakhulu ekubumbeni kombhali, ngenkathi uWatson engumlingiswa obalulekile eSherlock Holmes's Adventures.
I-Hastings iyefana noDkt Watson, kepha izinhlamvu ze-poirot neHolmes ziyahlukahluka: Holme kubanda futhi kubale ukubanda, kanye ne-erkul ngokomzwelo. Yebo, futhi izindlela zalobu qembu lobuhlakani bezihlathi ezizimele azifani, uma iBriton isebenzisa ukuncishiswa futhi ithembela ebufakazini, bese uBelgian ukhetha i-Psychology kanye ne- "grey cell" yengqondo.
Kuyisiphakamiso ukuthi igama elithi erkul lithathwe ngumlobi we-cha ngengozi, liqhamuka iqhawe le-Epic yasendulo yamaGrikhi - iHercules, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-feming eyishumi nambili, kepha "isithandwa sendlu yekhadi" siwina Usizo lwengqondo, hhayi amandla ngokomzimba. Uma konke kucacile ngegama, khona-ke isibongo sembozwe yi-halo of Mystery, okungenani uyahlaselwa ngendlela yesiFulentshi ngegama elithi "leek".
Izincwadi
I-Charismatic Erkul Poiro ivela kumanoveli angama-33, izindaba ezingama-54 futhi ngokudlala okukodwa kombhali. Yonke le misebenzi yabhalwa ngesikhathi kusuka ngo-1920s kuya ku-1975 futhi ayiphansi komunye nomunye hhayi ubuhlakani, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezindaba.
Phakathi kokuthandwayo kuyahlukaniswa: "Ukubulala empumalanga ye-Express" (1934), "amakhadi etafuleni" (1956) kanye "nobuwula bendoda efile" (1956, amaRoma, "esekhulile" kusuka kunoveli "eSutanaca eGreenshore") .
Uhlu lwamanoveli:
- Ngo-1920 - "Isigameko Esimangalisayo ku-Stylze"
- Ngo-1923 - "Bumba ngenkambo yegalufu"
- 1926 - "Ukubulala Roger Ecroyda"
- Ngo-1927 - "Big ezine"
- 1928 - "Imfihlakalo Yesitimela Esiluhlaza
- Ngo-1932 - "Imfihlakalo Ka-Endhaus"
- Ngo-1934 - "Ukubulala e-" Eastern Express "
- 1935 - "Usizi Ngezenzo Ezintathu"
- 1936 - "Amamephu etafuleni"
- Ngo-1939 - "UKhisimusi u-Erklulya Poiro"
- 1941 - "Ukubi Ngaphansi KweLanga"
- 1948 - "Inhlanhla"
- 1956 - "Ubuwula Bendoda Efile"
- 1972 - "Izindlovu ziyakwazi ukukhumbula"
- Ngo-1975 - "Ikhethini"
Amafilimu
Abaqondisi abavelele bathokozela labo abangathandi ukuchichima izincwadi, kepha bakhetha ukubamba ukuzilibazisa eduze kwesikrini se-TV. Zonke izinto ezivela kumanoveli azikwazi ukulingana ngesikhathi, kepha imisebenzi ye-cinema yaphenduka imnandi. Ingqikithi yokudubula 70 Kinol, ezinye zazo:- Ngo-1934 - "Ukufa kweNkosi eJVera" (Actor Austin Trevor)
- Ngo-1974 - "Ukubulala empumalanga ye-Express" (Actor Albert Finni)
- 1978 - "Ukufa eNayile" (Umlingisi Peter Utinov)
- Ngo-1982 - "Ububi Ngaphansi kwelanga" (Umlingisi Peter Utinov)
- 1989 - "Middle Endhuza" (Umlingisi Anatoly Ravikovich)
- Ngo-19899 - "I-Poiro Agatha Christie" (Umlingisi uDavid Souche)
- Ngo-2002 - "Ukwehluleka kwe-Poiro" (Umlingisi Konstantin Raykin)
- 2017 - "Ukubulala empumalanga ye-Express" (Umlingisi Kenneth Brahn)
Abadlali
Owokuqala owazama isithombe somphenyi weBelgian kwakungu-Austin Trevor. Lo mhlahlandlela wazama ukuzalelwa endimeni, kepha ukubukeka kwakhe kwehluka kulokhu okuchazwa ngu-Agata Christien: Umuntu akanawo amadevu. Kungani izinkomba azizange zigcwale ukuziqhenya okuyinhloko kwe-poirot ebusweni bomlingisi - kuhlala nje ukuqagela. UTrevor wadlala kwifilimu ethi "Alibi" (1931), "Ikofi Elimnyama" (1931) kanye "nokufa kweNkosi EJVE" (1934).
Ngo-1974, umnikazi wamaphrimiyamu aphawuleka ama-cinema aphawula (iGolide Globe, i-BAFTA, EMMY) waphinde waphikiswa ebufakazini ("iGloday Globe", i-Bafta, Emmy). Isithombe lapho u-Albert adlale khona ("ukubulala empumalanga ye-Express") waqokwa u-Oscar, kepha ifilimu ayitholanga umvuzo. U-Agatha Christie, obhekiswe ngokucophelela ekukhetheni kwabadlali, wajabula ngokuhlolwa kanye nomdlalo we-Albert Finni.
Umlingisi onethalente futhi uPeter UPeter Utinov uvele ngama-movie ayisithupha asuselwa emisebenzini kaChristie, kodwa i-Best Erkühul Poirot ebhekwa njengokuthola uDavid Lysche, owadlala uchungechunge lwesiNgisi lwethelevishini "Poiro", ngoba nguyena owabuyisela isithombe sezinhlamvu zezincwadi isimilo esisebenzayo. Ngeshwa, u-Agatha Christie akazange abone lolu chungechunge (kwaphuma eminyakeni engu-13 ngemuva kokushona kombhali).
IFilmroducer Brown Eastman yakhetha uDavid Lysche ngokushesha, ngakho-ke umlingisi akufanele ancintisane nozakwabo bendawo phansi kwelanga phansi kwelanga. UDavid waya emsebenzini wakhe waya emsebenzini wakhe: Funda umlando weBelgium, funda wonke amanoveli kanye nezindaba ze-Agatha Christie, futhi wabheka ezinye izinto ze-poiro esikrinini.
Futhi, uDavid kwadingeka aqashe umfundisi 'ekubambeni "ulimi lwendabuko. Ezincwadini, i-Erkul ingumnikazi wesiNgisi kahle, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ekukhulumeni kwakhe isiciphayo, isiza ukuletha isigebengu emanzini ahlanzekile: Abanye bacabanga ukuthi kunomfokazi olula ongawaqondi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-poiro ibukele umbulali ongaba khona futhi ihlala inganakwa.
UPoirot waphinde wadlalwa: U-Ian Hill, uTony Randel, u-Anatoly Ravikovich, Alfred Molina, Konstantin Rahki noKenneth Brahn noKenneth Brahn.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- UChristie wabhala imisebenzi "ikhethini" kanye "nokubulawa okukhohliwe", obekufanele ngabe sekuyincwadi yakamuva nge-poro kanye noNkk Marple. U-Agatha wacela ukufihla le mibhalo yesandla ebhange ephephile futhi ishicilele lapho engasakwazi ukubhala. Ngakho-ke, zombili izinsomo ezingamanoveli zabona ukukhanya ngo-1974, lapho uChristi Christian eneminyaka engama-84.
- Umphenyi we-Erkul Poiro's Professional, ongaphumeleli ngephutha, wahlupheka kanye. Ukwehluleka komseshi kuchazwa endabeni ethi "Candy Box" futhi kukhulunywa ngaye encwadini ethi "Imfihlakalo Ye-Endhaus". I-Poiro, iminyaka eminingana, izamile ukuphonsa lo msebenzi womseshi, kepha umuntu osekelwa ngaphambili akakwazi ukwazi "ukuphuma ngaphansi", ngoba ubugebengu obutholile yonke indawo.
- Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi ukuphela komlingiswa wezemibhalo owanikezwa udokotela osemthethweni we-Necrography: Ku-Lane yokuqala iphephandaba laseNew York New Thwebula yaziswa ngokushona komphenyi omkhulu weBelgian. Kwenzeka ngo-Agasti 6, 1975.
- Njengoba kwaziwa, uhlobo lomseshi lubhekwa njengolunye lwezincwadi eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ngakho-ke, lusebenza ngezigebengu, amaphoyisa nabeziphezi babekude nomlobi ngamunye. Kepha u-Agatha Christie weza nendlela yakhe yokuwina - umfazi wengeza le ncwadi kuze kube sekupheleni, wabe esekhetha ubugebengu obungathandeki kakhulu. Ngokulandelayo, uChristie kwadingeka abuyele ekuqaleni kwenoveli 'esikhundleni' sokubulala esisanda kufakwa.