I-Biograge
Inganekwane yeSoviet Pop, umenzi wezingoma eziqotho kakhulu, iChanson yaseRussia, eyanikeza izwe inqwaba yama-hits, umlingisi onekhono. Konke lokhu kumayelana naye, Marke Bernes. Izingoma zakhe zafudumeza izinhliziyo emasokisini empini, zanikeza amandla okuwina nokwakha.
UMarku Naumovich Neuman, ukuthi le yindlela igama langempela lomculi nomdwebi womculi, wazalelwa esifundazweni esingewona ubusika besifunda saseChernihiv (isifundazwe) ngo-1911. Abazali bakhe - amaJuda naum Samolovich kanye ne-fan Filippovna Neumanna - abanaso isimo sengqondo esiqondile ngobuciko, kepha izingoma ezisendlini zazo zazihlala zikhala. Ikhanda lomndeni lalisebenza kuNezhinskaya Artel, owayebandakanyeka kwimali ekhokhwayo, futhi umama wayengumgcini wezwe elizwakala.
Lapho umkhiqizo uneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, umndeni wathuthela eKharkov. Lapha umfana waya esikoleni seminyaka eyisikhombisa. Intshisakalo e-ART yavuka kuyo ekuseni. Futhi emakilasini ezikole eziphakeme, le nzalo yenziwa esifisweni sokuya endaweni yaseshashalazini. UMark Neumanov waya kwinqubo yaseKharkov Theatre. Ngasikhathi sinye, umfana uvele eshashalazini le- "mussuri". Uhlobo lukhange lesi sehlakalo ngamandla amangalisayo. Wasabisa ngokuthi uzothatha izibalo zakhe.
Ngokushesha umfana wayenenhlanhla: icala laphenduka labuyisela umlingisi onesifo. UNeuman, owathatha ama-pseudonym aqamba ama-pseudonym, "wabeka" phambili ekudlaleni ukuze kudunyiswe isiphukuphuku kuMqondisi weMqondisi uNikolai Sinelnikov. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, wathembela izindima ezincane.
Ngo-1929, lapho uMark Bernes eneminyaka engu-17, waya enhlokodolobha. Lapha, impilo yangempela yamasiko ibibilayo. Ukukhanyisa i-ramp yamashumi kayetha. Umdwebi osemncane wamukele enkundleni yemidlalo emincane nenkulu ngasikhathi sinye. Futhi, amaBernes kwadingeka aqale ngo "zero": wathathwa yisitaki. Kepha wayejabule kakhulu ngakho.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1930, uMarku waqala ukwethemba izindima ezincane. Umeluleki wakhe nothisha babengumlingisi odumile uNicholas Radin.
Amafilimu nezingoma
I-cinematic biography kaMark Bernes yaqala maphakathi nawo-19. Iziqephu ziguqulwe yizindima zecebo lesibili, kwalandela izithombe ezibalulekile. "Indoda enesibhamu esithi", "Impilo Enkulu", "Fighters" - lawa ma-movie amadala amahle akhumbula izilaleli zesizukulwane esidala. Umdlalo weBercescee wahlukaniswa ngendlela ekhethekile kanye "nokubhala ngesandla." Ukukhanya okuthambile nokushisa ngokomoya "isiqu" endimeni ngayinye yomculi. Wathandwa ngokushesha ngababukeli.
Udumo kulo mlingisi weza nemisebenzi yakhe emibhalweni yezempi. Ifilimu elithi "Fighters amabili" lavula hhayi umdwebi kuphela, kodwa futhi nomenzi onamakhono wezingoma eziqotho zezilaleli. Kwakungekho zwi elivelele lapha, kepha lathatha indawo yokubulawa kwemali. Iculo elithi "ubusuku obumnyama" ngokushesha laba hit, yize ngaleso sikhathi kwakulindeleke ukuba "ekuhambeni" kwencazelo. Lokhu kungukuqala kweSvetai Bernes ukwakheka, okuthi namuhla kudlalwa indawo ehlonishwayo ebhange lengulube yezikhathi zaseSoviet. "Ubusuku obumnyama" bahlukaniselana impilo kaMarku Bernes ku- "to" kanye "ngemuva".
Ingoma esesitayeleni se-Chanson "Shalands, i-kefali egcwele" iqinisa isimo senkanyezi sosonkontileka ngesitayela "sobusuku obumnyama". Manje cishe yonke ifilimu lapho umdwebi evela khona, kwaphawulwa ingoma entsha ekusebenzeni kwakhe. Esithombeni "Fighters" Bernes sang hit "idolobha elithandwayo", ochungechungeni lwefilimu lwesi-2 lwefilimu "impilo enkulu" yanikeza izibukeli kanye neminyaka emithathu, ngangiphupha ngokuthi ", nakusomuntu onesibhamu "Abalandeli bomculi baqala ukuzwa" amafu idolobha lasukuma. " Lawa ma-hives asanda kuzungeleza umsakazo njalo. Bafakiwe kuwo wonke amakhonsathi.
UMark Bernes unemidwebo engama-35. Okuthandwa kakhulu - "Maxim", "zhenya, zhenya kanye katyusha", "umdlali osele", osuvele wathi "abalwa" kanye "nabalwa".
Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwemidwebo enegama, uhlangothi lwezwi lwe-bernes lwashicilelwa phambili. Manje izingoma ezintsha zivela ngaphandle kokuxhuma namafilimu. Ababhali babelangazelela ukusebenza nomculi odumile, bembeka kuye ngezingoma zabo. UMark Bernes wayethathwa njengeTalisman: Ngemuva kwengoma yomkhonto, abaqambi kanye nababhali bemibhalo baphenduka ngokushesha baba izinkanyezi.
Kuliqiniso, ngemuva kokuqomisana okuseduze, izimbongi-izingoma kanye nabaqambi baqondakala ukuthi kungani izinganekwane zihamba ngesimo esibi seBernes. Ufonele kalula ebusuku noma ekuseni, efuna ukukhumbula izinkondlo ezithile zokuthunga. Njengomthetho, ababhali banikela ngaphansi kwengcindezi yakhe. Indaba efanayo nabaqambi: UMark Naumovich uyaqiniseka ukushintsha amaphuzu athile ku-melody, ukucula inketho yaso. Ngasikhathi sinye, uBernes kwakungeyona imfundo yomculo, futhi wabiza ngokuthi "Caulk".
Ezinye izidingo ezinjalo zomculi ongathandeki zazicasulwa kakhulu. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwacaca ukuthi bekunguhlobo lwe-Bernes yengoma yathola ithuba lokuguqula abantu bahlabe izwe lonke.
Ngo-1940-50, uMark Naumovich - inkanyezi yangempela. UBernasa wabonga abantu abajwayelekile kanye nobuholi beKomidi eliseCentral. Izingoma ezithi "Muscovites", "Uma zithanda umhlaba wonke", "Ngiyakuthanda, impilo" yathela izwe lonke. Izihloko, imivuzo kanye nokuhlonishwa kwanyakaziswa ngokoqobo umculi. Kepha kwakungenjalo njalo.
Entwasahlobo ka-1958, uMark Bernes wabamba iqhaza ekhonsathini, eyayihanjelwe nguNikita Khrushchev ngendodana yakhe u-Aleksey Ajube. Ukukhishwa kwabaculi kwalawulwa: Kuvunyelwe izingoma ezimbili kuphela ukucula. Kepha lapho uBernes enza izingoma zakhe, izilaleli zanquma ukungavumeli umculi futhi zafuna ukuba zicule ku-BIS. UMarku Naumovich waya endaweni yesehlakalo, wakhothama wahamba. Kodwa-ke, ukugcwaliseka kwengoma eyengeziwe, kwakudingeka ngokugunyazwa kobuholi, futhi kwesaba ukwesaba. Umculi akazange anqume ukuqonda futhi engasaphumi.
U-Ajubey wasikisela ukuthi amaBers athi "abize ngokuthi" lokho akutshela isivivinyo esisezingeni eliphakeme. UKhrushchev wanikeza i-OTMASHKI, futhi ngokushesha umkhiqizo kaNaumovich waqala ukushaya. Kuvulwe ngasikhathi sinye amaphephandaba amabili aseCentral. Ukuhlaselwa okungapheli, ukuboshwa okungafanele e-Allergality kanye nokuhlaselwa kwesifo senkanyezi kubangele ukwenqaba ukumaka amaBernes ekuthwebuleni kuma-movie namarekhodi kuma-studio omculo. Ucingo lomculi isikhathi eside, abanye ozakwabo bafulathela. Akekho omeme amakhonsathi.
Inkinga ayihambi ngedwa. Ukushushiswa nokuvinjelwa kulowo msebenzi kwakungeyona eyesabekayo kulokhu kunzima uma uMark Bernes Isikhathi. Unkosikazi wabulawa ngumdlavuza, washiya umyeni wakhe nendodakazi encane ezandleni zakhe. Umculi ovela kubo bonke abanolwazi benzekile.
Ngenhlanhla, umucu omnyama waphela ngawo-1960s. Umuntu ojwayelekile ezigidini zezwi lengqondo waphinde waqhamuka kwimisakazo. Futhi kuMqondisi we-Pavel Arm wango-1961 wephule ukuvinjelwa okungekho emthethweni ngokudutshulwa kwamaBernes futhi wammemela esithombeni sakhe ngokuthi "chestova dozin". Eminyakeni eyalandela, umdwebi wakwazi ukungakhathali ukuvakasha hhayi e-USSR kuphela, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe, lapho ayebingelelwa khona njengenkanyezi yangempela nothandekayo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umlingisi empilweni yansuku zonke wayengumuntu othobekile ngokweqile, ohloniphekile nendoda enhle yomndeni. Impilo yomuntu siqu uMark Bernes uyimishado emibili. Umlingani wokuqala wePolina (noma uPaola) Linetskaya wabulawa yisifo se-Oncological, lapho amadodakazi kaNatasha aphenduka iminyaka emithathu kuphela.
Ngonkosikazi wesibili, uLily weBodrovka Bernes wahlangana lapho ehola uNatasha ebangeni 1. U-Lily wabuye waholela esikoleni saseJean Son. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayeshade ne-PhotoConductor "Pari-Match" uLucien kodwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwakungumyeni wakhe futhi kwawathula.
UMarku Naumovich wayemdala kunomnduze iminyaka engu-17. Kepha babengekho nhlobo amahloni ngalo mehluko eminyakeni yobudala. Lapho owesifazane ebika ukuthi ushiya uLucien aye ehlane, bambalwa abantu abakukholelwayo. Yize kunjalo, umyeni wakhe wathola okuningi, babenendlu yokunethezeka, okuwukuphela kweChevlet eMoscow. Kuliqiniso, inhloko-dolobha yonke yayazi ukuthi uLucien wayesedlala futhi ethanda abesifazane kakhulu. Kepha uma abanye besifazane bengakubekezelela, khona-ke uBodrov akazange afune. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokuthandana, lily wathuthela kuhlobo lomkhiqizo. Ngokushesha bashada. Wamukela uJean wabheka indodana yakhe yendabuko.
UBernes wayemthanda kakhulu umkakhe kangangokuba akazange amyeke aze ezansi emzuzwini. Bahamba babheke ekuhambeni, wahola amakhonsathi akhe. Uma nje uMarku uNaumovich kwadingeka ukuthi ahambe ePoland ngaphandle komlingani. Wayengakulungele ipasipoti. Kepha ngaleso sikhathi nje wayengukulukhuni obekumele abize uLil eWarsaw. Ubizelwe kwiNxusa, futhi amadokhumenti alethelwa endlini.
Indodakazi kaNatalia yathola iziqu eMoscow State University futhi yathuthela eMelika. UJean wahlala eMoscow. Waphothula i-opharetha ye-vgika.
Ukushona
Kwabonakala sengathi impilo yayithuthuka. UBernes wayegcwele amasu wokudala. Kepha ngolunye usuku ngemuva kwekhonsathi, wabikwa ngokungazelele. Ngemuva kwezigcawu, umdwebi wehlulekile. Esibhedlela watholakala enomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ngaphambi nje kokuba kufe uMarku Bernes aqophe esinye sezingoma zakhe ezinhle - "Cranes". Indaba yokubukeka kwakhe ifanelwe ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. URasul Gambatov wabhala le ngoma ngokuvakashela uGordy Djigitam, owaphenduka izinyoni. Kepha uMarku uNaumovich wamqinisekisa ukuthi aguqule izinkondlo. Ngakho-ke kwaba nokukhala kwengoma ngamasosha abulawa emaphethelweni.
UMarku Naumovich Bernes akazange akhule ngo-Agasti 16, 1969. Emngcwabeni womculi, kwakungekho nkulumo noma ukuhaba okuphathelene nesicelo sakhe sokugcina. Wazithumelela yena. ESikhumbuzweni, lapho ngibuza lo mculi, izingoma zakhe azithandayo: "Ngiyakuthanda, impilo", "uphupha iminyaka emithathu", "Romance Roshchina" kanye ne "Cranes".
Ngingcwabe umculi emathuneni eNovodevichy, futhi anginaso isikhathi sokunikeza isihloko somculi wabantu be-USSR. Yize izigidi zabalandeli, yena futhi kudala kwakungumuntu kangaka.
Ukufa kukaBernes kwaba ukushaya kabi umkakhe. Lapho uMarku Naumovich bebengekho, uLily wasala yedwa nentsha eyeve eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala. Mayelana noma iyiphi inkulumo yempilo yomuntu siqu ayizange ihambe. Futhi ngisho nalapho izingane zikhula futhi zakha imindeni yazo, owesifazane wahlala yedwa.
UNatalia wasala eMelika, akazange akhulume noLilia. Ngo-Okthoba 1997, uJean waqala ukumangalela umama wakhe ngenxa yefulethi lomama uNaumovich. Ngalesi sikhathi, uBernes wahlelwa ngumnyuziyamu ezakhiweni, engikuthole ngakho akuzange zikuthande. Futhi uLily akazange avumelane nendodana yakhe yayihlala ngayo - yashintsha amakhosikazi ngokulandelana. Emva kwalokho, umama weScandal nendodana bayekile ukuxhumana.
ULilly Bodrov ushone ngo-Agasti 2006. Kwavela ukuthi ngaphambi nje kokuba afe, lona wesifazane wathengisa efulethini enamakamelo amabili enkabeni yeMoscow ne-Dmitry Pashkov yama-723. I-midil mikhailovna yakwenza lokhu emgomweni ukuze indoda ayinakekele futhi ibhekane nesizungu sakhe.
Kuyiqiniso, uNatalia, noJean, kwavela ngemuva nje kokushona kwakhe. Bazimangalela ukubona izindlalifa zezezakhiwo ezingokomthetho. Ukuqulwa kwecala kuthathe unyaka, abameli bakwazile ukufakazela ukuthi ukuthengiselana kwenziwa ngokukhohlisa. Futhi inkantolo yagcina izindlalifa zelungelo lokuya ezindlini. Yonke ifenisha kanye nezinqolobane uMark Naumovich Liliya Bodrova wavakashela umzukulu kaLyudmila.
Izics
- 1938 - "Umuntu onesibhamu"
- Ngo-1939 - "Impilo Enkulu"
- 1939 - "Abalwa"
- 1943 - "Abacibishi Ababili"
- 1952 - "Maxim"
- Ngo-1967 - "Zhenya, Zhenya kanye ne-" Katyusha "
- 1954 - "Umdlali we-Spare"
- 1957 - "Ubusuku Bophawula"
- Ngo-1963 - "Kwenzeka emaphoyiseni"
- Ngo-1961 - "Chestov Donzin"
- Ngo-1944 - "Umhlaba omkhulu"
- 1945 - "Ukuqhekeka okukhulu"
Izizo
- "Cranes"
- "Kuqala kuphi izwekazi"
- "Ngabe izimpi zaseRussia zifuna?"
- "Izitha zashisa indlu yazo yendabuko"
- "Izinhlangano ezigcwele i-kefali"
- "Ubusuku obumnyama"
- "Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu uphupha ngaye"
- "Ngiyakuthanda, impilo"