I-Biograge
Kukhona abalingisi abakhiwe ngokuphelele endimeni. Kukhona labo abajabulisa iso hhayi isizukulwane esisodwa sababukeli. Futhi kukhona ubuntu obungavamile, ukuguqula umbono wesithombe esikrinini nokuphoqa abesifazane emhlabeni wonke ukuba balingise isitayela sabo, imikhuba, i-gait, umlingisi we-genomena waseJalimane kanye neMelika uMarlene Diethrich. Kepha lona wesifazane omangalisayo waba nethonya elinamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni wemfashini, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ekuzaziseleni kwabesifazane. U-Diedrich uvele phambi komphakathi njenge-cocktail evela ezimfanelweni eziphambene: wawubonakala ngasikhathi sinye, futhi eyenga; umsulwa futhi unonya; I-Femaly Female futhi ngasikhathi sinye ikhombise umlingiswa wesilisa. Futhi konke lokhu - ngaphandle kwegremu ye-linglity.
UMarlene wazalelwa emigwaqweni yaseBerlin wabiza uSchöneberg. Ubaba wakhe wayengumholi wamaphoyisa uLouis Erich Otto Dietrich, noMama Wilhelmin Josephin Feleze, yize avela emkhayeni ocebile kakhulu wama-burger, waphoqeleka ukuba enze indlu yokugcina indlu. Le ntombazane yazalwa ncamashi nonyaka owodwa u-Elizabeth. Umcimbi obalulekile e-Biography kaMarlene Dietrich kwakuwukuhamba kukaBaba ovela emndenini. Kwathi lapho intombazane ineminyaka eyisithupha, kwathi ngonyaka wafa. Ubaba Marie akazange akhumbule, kepha kwakukhona kuye ukubonakaliswa kwakhe kokuqala kokwenza: UMarlene omncane waqala 'ukudlala ubaba ", eveza ngasikhathi sinye nendodakazi yomndeni. Umama, yize wadumala ngokuqina kwaKhe, lokhu kwafakwa inganekwane.
E-Primary School, i-Distich yahehwa ngumculo. Wafunda ukudlala i-lute, futhi kamuva waqala i-violin kwathi ngo-1917 waqala ukukhuluma obala. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe I, iJalimane yacekelwa phansi futhi ingenalutho. Umama uMarlene wanquma ukuthi endodakazini encane, ukusondela kwenhloko-dolobha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo kungaba yingozi, ngakho-ke ngiyithumele endlini yezivakashi evaliwe eWeimar. Lapho, inkanyezi ye-movie yesikhathi esizayo ichithe iminyaka emine, iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa umdlalo ku-violin. Ku-Marie Dietrich kuhlelwe umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala: wayiswa e-Orchestra e-cinema. Wayenabanye abaculi ukuthi ngabe "uphume ngezwi amafilimu athule. Kepha kulo msebenzi, uMarlene wagcina inyanga kuphela: abaculi bambheka kakhulu kunasemanothi, ngakho-ke babevame ukungqongqozwa. Kepha kwakuse-cinema, ukubheka ukuvota okuhlukahlukene kwe-movie, intombazane yafuna ukuba ngumlingisi.
Yanelisekile ngomdansi nangomculi ekhasini le-cabaret, futhi futhi izofunda esikoleni esisebenzayo. Ekuqaleni, akumukelwanga studio, kepha intokazi enenkani yaya kumlingisi odumile futhi isincomo sayo isabizelwa. Ngemuva kokufunda kahle isifundo, i-Distich ibamba iqhaza ezenzweni ezahlukahlukene, futhi iqale umsebenzi we-cinema ophumelelayo. Ngemuva kwempumelelo yokuqala, uMarlene amaqabunga eMelika futhi athole ukuba yisakhamuzi sase-US.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho iqembu lika-Adolf Hitler liza emandleni eJalimane, uhulumeni ucela umlingisi ukuthi abuye futhi anikeze nezimali ezingaba yisisekelo zefilimu ngalinye leMartine Diedrich, ahlunga ezweni lakubo. Kepha inkanyezi engayenqaba nje kuphela, kodwa futhi phakathi neMpi Yezwe II isekela amabutho wabaphikisi baseJalimane. Iminyaka eminingana waphazamisa ukudubula futhi washayela ngamakhonsathi kuma-garrisons nasezibhedlela, enikeza cishe izimpesheni zemibono. Lapho ofakazi bokuzibonela bekhunjulwa, uMarlene, njengamasosha alula, alala emikhondweni, egeza ngeqhwa elincibilikile, wathulisa i-pneumonia futhi wahlukunyezwa njalo egunjini elinesithukuthezi. Isenzo esinjalo somlingisi nabahlabeleli sabonwa njengesendlalelo, ngakho-ke ngasekupheleni kwempi banikezwa umyalo weLegion ehlonishwayo neMedi YaseMelika yenkululeko.
Amafilimu
IMarlen Diedrich ibalwa amashumi amabili kulezi zithombe, lapho evela ekubuyekezweni "kuthathwa kabili". Ngokwakhe, lo msebenzi wawungamangaliso, kepha kwakungumqondisi wakhe uJoseph von Sternberg, wabiza umlingisi ukuba adlale indima enkulu emculweni "eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka". Futhi lesi sithombe ekuqeshweni kwamehlo saphenduka marlen kwinkanyezi yezwe. Ifilimu idale lona kanye isithombe esingamashumi eminyaka kamuva sizohlotshaniswa nezilaleli ngegama elithi Dietrich. Ngemuva kwempumelelo enkulu yefilimu yaseJalimane, umlingisi usayina inkontileka yesikhathi eside ne-Hollywood Company "Paramount" namaqabunga eMelika.
Amaphrojekthi ayisithupha alandelayo ku-filtigraphys Marlene Diedrich asuse umqondisi ofanayo we-Sternberg. Kulezi, ingoma ye-melodrama "yezingoma" nomlando womndeni we-blond venus uhlukaniswa. Kepha amanye amafilimu ama-sternberg athola ukugxekwa okubi, wasolwa ngezindawo ezishibhile zedrama "Shanghai Express" nemibono ehlekisayo yesithombe se-spy "edd". Futhi umdlalo womlingisi ophambili oqoqa amahholo aphelele ama-cinema. Ngakho-ke, emva kosizi "uDeveli ungowesifazane" u-Diedrich wayeka ukusebenza nomqondisi owamkhazimulisa umhlaba wonke.
Noma kunjalo, uMarlene uyaqhubeka nokususwa kakhulu. Elinye lamafilimu okuqala anemibala "Izingadi zikaAllah", i-thriller "knight ngaphandle kweLat", eWestern "Dandy futhi esihlalweni", amahlaya "afuna intokazi" nabanye abaningi. Kokuningi kwazo, i-Distich izama ukusuka kumsebenzi owenziwe yiwo. Akuphumeleli njalo, kwesinye isikhathi izilaleli azifuni ukuthatha isithonjana se- "New".
Kusukela emsebenzini kamuva, umlingisi waphumelela kakhulu. Ngokumelene ne-Agatha Roman Christie "ufakazi we-compaition", oqokelwe u-Oscar ngezigaba eziningana. Futhi kwakuyindima enkulu yokugcina uMarlene Diethrich. Wabe eseshaye izinkanyezi kumaphrojekthi athile, kepha ngemuva kwesiqephu edrama "gigolo, empofu, i-gigolo empofu" noMarlene futhi ekhipha iphathi yezwi, engasabonakali kwizikrini.
Izizo
Funda ukucula le ntombazane yaqala ngisho nasesikoleni esisebenzayo komunye wothisha abahamba phambili eBerlin. Wenza ukudla kwakhe kwasemini kusuka ku-POP ku-cabaret, kwathi lapho amarekhodi okuqala e-Studio ngo-1928. Izingoma zeMarlene Dietrich zaziphumelele, yize izwi lomculi lalingaqinile kakhulu, kepha lalifana nobunzi, futhi umlingisi onokhahlo onokhahlo othakazelelwa yilabo abalaleli. Iningi labantu ligubhe ngobuqotho ngezwi likaDietrich.Izingoma ezithandwa kakhulu nguMarlen Dietrich zawela kuma-albhamu futhi zishicilele amarekhodi efomethi eligcwele. Izikhathi eziningi hits yakhe zaqashelwa njengezingoma ezihamba phambili zonyaka, ngokwesibonelo, "uLili Marleen", "ethandana futhi", "Ingoma Yezingoma", "i-Gal Gal edolobheni" nabanye abaningi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Efilimu ethi "Usizi Lothando", umlingisi wayenendima ye-Episodic yoMthandi Wenkantolo, kodwa kwakuyisithombe sokuthi impilo yomuntu siqu yakwaMarlene Getridrich yashintshwa. Esethengweni, wasondelana nomlawuli uRudolph Siberian futhi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le ndoda isivele yahlanganyela, yaphoqa inoveli naye. Ngokushesha base beshada, kwathi ngo-1924, abashadikazi babenendodakazi uMariya, okuwukuphela kwempilo yengane. Ngendlela, kamuva izwe lafunda ngendodakazi kaMarlene njengomlingisi onesipho ngaphansi kwegama uMaria Riva.
Ngokwezinkumbulo zikaDitrich, umshado wakhe kanye neSiberian wakhumbuza ihlaya elihlekisayo kunempilo yomndeni. Emva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi phakathi kwabo, kwakungekho ukusondela okusondelene, kwathi eminyakeni embalwa, abashadikazi baphuma baqala ukuphila impilo yonke. Ngasikhathi sinye, azange zehlukanise isehlukaniso kuze kube ngu-1976, okungukuthi, ekufeni kukaRudolf, umlingisi wabhekwa njengoshadile uFrau. Noma kunjalo, kwaziwa kahle ukuthi impilo yomuntu siqu yaseMarlene Dietrich yayihlala inesivunguvungu.
Kwangihlanya ngosaziwayo abanjengabalingisi uJean Gaben, uJohn Wayne noJosehas Fairbanks Jr. Kakhulu kakhulu amanoveli aseMarlane nababhali u-Erich Maria Remarcom kanye no-Ernest Hemingway. Owokuqala wabo waletha isithombe somlingisi kumlingiswa uJoan Madu ovela enoveli ethi "Triumphal Arch", kanti okwesibili kudume ngokuba ngukuphela kothando lomlingisi osele. Imininingwane yabo yeminyaka eminingi yanyatheliswa kamuva ngesimo sencwadi.
U-Dietrich wakhulela emkhayeni okholwayo kakhulu, kepha elahlekelwe ukholo phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Lapho ehamba aye emaphethelweni futhi ebheka izinhlungu, wesaba nokwesaba, wathi ibinzana, elinamaphiko: "Ukube uNkulunkulu ukhona, kufanele acabangele amasu akhe." UMarlene akazange athande kuphela i-movie uqobo, kodwa futhi uyaziqhenya ngegalelo lakhe ku-ART. Ugcine ngokucophelela izingubo ezinhle ezidwetshwa ngemidwebo evela ezithombeni zakhe nezidutshuliwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ebhange wayephethe iseli elikhethekile, lapho kwakukhona khona izinto eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-25 nezithombe eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20. Namuhla lezi zinto ziyimibukiso yeBerlin Museum of Cinema.
Ukushona
Ngo-1975, ingozi yenzeka kumlingisi, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho waqeda umsebenzi wakhe. I-Dietrich yathatha umhlalaphansi efulethini lakhe laseParis futhi yamisa zonke izinhlobo zokuxhumana nomuntu wangaphandle. UMartarle wavumela kuphela inani elincane lezivakashi ezikhethiwe. Owesifazane wazinikela ekubhaleni incwadi yezinkumbulo ze- "ABC yempilo yami", okwakubona ukukhanya ngo-1979.
Eminyakeni engu-13 edlule, umlingisi odumile waboshwa embhedeni ngenxa yentamo ephukile ethangeni. Ukulimala bekungabi sina, kepha uDitrich wenqabile ukufaka esibhedlela futhi usize odokotela. Ngenxa yesikhundla sokuqamba amanga kanye nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala, waqala ukwenqaba izinso, okwakuyimbangela yokufa kukaMaril Dietrich ngoMeyi 6, 1992. Izinkomo zokuhlonipha umlingisi omkhulu ziye zanikeza izinkulungwane zabalandeli. Ibhokisi lakhe lambozwa ngamafulegi aseMelika naseFrance futhi awele idolobha lomdabu jikelele laseMarleneberg. Ukufuyswa kwe-distksich eduze kwethuna likanina.
Ngokukhumbula enye yezinkanyezi ezinkulu ze-cinema, kwabhalwa nezincwadi eziningi kanti amadokhumenti amaningi adutshulwa. Kepha inani elikhulu kunawo wonke yitheyipu "uMarlene", obelokhu ephila impilo yomlingisi, ngo-1982. Lo msebenzi uyingxoxo elalelwayo ukuthi umqondisi wefilimu we-Diedrich. Umsindo ubekelwe i-gland yevidiyo yeminyaka yokuqala kaDitrich, njengoba yenqaba ukuvela esikrinini esesimweni seminyaka edlule ebekhona.
I-Marlene Diethrich FlICACY
- 1930 - Ingelosi EBlue
- Ngo-1931 - Kuvunyelwe
- 1932 - Blond Venus
- Ngo-1932 - Shanghai Express
- I-1933 - Iculo leNgoma
- Ngo-1934 - I-Slutty Empress
- 1939 - Amarandi abuyele esihlalweni
- 1946 - UMartin Rumanyak
- 1951 - I-Ranch Edukisayo
- 1957 - Ukumbozwa kwecala