I-Biograge
UDmitry I Evanovich, owathola igama lesidlaliso Donskoy lokunqoba empini yaseKulisikovsky, eseneminyaka engu-9 ubudala waba yiNkosana yaseMoscow, naseNkosana eNgcwele ye-13 yaphenduka iNkosana yaseMoscow, naseNkosana enkulu ye-13 yaphenduka iNkosana yaseMoscow. Ibhodi likaDonsy DonSkoy limake le nhlangano yamazwe aseRussia nalesi sikhungo e-Moscow Princimence. UDmitry Ivanovich DonSkoy waziwa ngokuthi umsunguli we-White Moscow Kremlin, njenge-warlord, ephikisana ngempumelelo ne-hold horde, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - njengomunye wababusi abalinganayo nabanomusa eRussia.
Umlando we-Dmitry DonSkoy waqala eMoscow, ngo-Okthoba 1350. Wazalelwa emndenini weNkosana yaseMoscow Ivan II obomvu noshade naye wesibili, uPrincess Alexandra Ivanovna. UDmitry wayenaye udadewabo u-Ana noMfoweth 'u-Ivan, owathola iZevenigorod. By the way, inkosana edumile e-Ivan Kalita noDmitry DonSkoy bayofika komunye nomunye umkhulu nogogo. I-biography emfushane kaDumry Donkoy ikwazile ukubala iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye lapho umfana ethosiwe. Le ngane yamukela umliphathinkulu waseMoscow, kepha umnakekeli wakhe waba ngumbusi wangempela, iMetropolitan Alexey Fedorovich BIAKOT. Babenobudlelwano obufudumele kakhulu, futhi iPrince Donsry DonSkaya yaboniswana neMetropolitan Alexiam ngisho nasekubeni mdala.
Ukungabi nesikhathi sokuhlala esihlalweni sobukhosi, inkosana eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala uDmitry ngiphoqelekile ukuthi ngilwele amandla eVladimir nabanye abafakizicelo. Ngenxa yezimbuzi ze-tver Prince Mikhail, impi phakathi kweMoscow neLithuania yaqala. Kathathu umbusi waseLithuania waseLithuli ka-Ilger wazama ukuthwebula ukubekwa kwenhloko-ndrisithisi yeDmitry encane, yize ngempumelelo, kepha ukuhlaselwa kwakhe kwalimaza kakhulu umnotho: indawo yakhe yaphazamiseka kakhulu, izinkulungwane zabantu zathunjwa. Kusuka ekulimazeni okuphelele kweMoscow ngaleso sikhathi, imali ekhokhwa nguDani yasindiswa.
Ipolitiki Dmitry Donssky
Ibhodi likaDimitry Donsoy ingeyazo ezikhathini ezidabukisa kakhulu nezinzima zomlando wasekhaya. Izimpi zaphakade, ukuhlaselwa kwezitha kanye nezisebenzi zomphakathi zangaphakathi zaba uphawu ngaleso sikhathi. I-Lithuanians yahlasela eMoscow, futhi uDmitry ngokwakhe wahamba impi elwa nokulwa nezindawo zeSmolensk naseBryansk. Ngemuva komlilo waseMoscow wango-1367, uDmitry angizakheli ngokhuni, kodwa kwashintsha okushintshiwe okushintshiwe, okwaba isihlangu sangempela somuzi. Ngenxa yalokho, isikhulu sakwazi ukuhlanganisa amandla futhi silwe ngempumelelo omakhelwane kuphela, kodwa futhi simelene namabutho kaMamay.
Amandla akhulayo e-Moscowtri ashistronce aphazanyiswa yi-horde yegolide, futhi umama athumela amabutho awo maqondana neMoscow. Banqobile uNizhny Novgorod, kepha empini yomfula iVeszh, amasosha aseRussia alimaza ibutho eli-oda lokuqhuma. Lapho-ke i-horde iqoqa inani elikhudlwana lamasosha futhi liye kuhambo olusha eRussia. Umphumela walokhu kwakuyimpi ye-Kulukovsky, ethathwa njengenye yemicimbi ebalulekile yomlando waseRussia. UDmitry DonSkoy uwina, kepha ukwehluleka kwakhe akukuyeki kulokhu, yize bekungadingeki ukukhokha okuningi ukukhokha.
Ngemuva kwempi yaseKulisikov, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Vladimir ne-Moscow, kwenzeka, futhi kwaphela iMoscow yenhlangano yamazwe aseRussia. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni emibili, uKhan Tukhtamysh wasebenzisa ithuba lokuntuleka kweGrand Duke ezweni lakubo, wahlasela futhi wahlakazeka uMsosisi. UDmitry kwadingeka avume ukuphinda akhokhe intela kuHorde, yize kuncane kakhulu kunangaphambili. Lokhu kwaholela ekubhujisweni kweMfundisi eMoskow, futhi i-donkoy iqala izimpi ezintsha zokuhlangana ne-ryazan ne-novgorod.
UKulikovsky War kaDumry DonSkoy
Impi edumile ye-Dmitry DonSkoy iyathakazelisa hhayi kuphela kusukela endaweni yokuthanda izwe, kepha futhi njengesampula elihle kakhulu lamasu ezempi. Ibutho likaKhan Mamaha kwakufanele lihlangane ogwini oluseningizimu ye-Oka ne-Lithuanian Prince Yagaylo no-Oleg Ryazansky. Ngemuva kwalokho uDmitry wathuthela iqembu lakhe e-Don, esheshise ukushayisana kuphela nebutho laseMaama futhi walinciphisa lelo nzuzo. Impi yaqala ngezikhumba ezimbalwa ezincane zokuqunjelwa okuthuthukile, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho i-duel classal edumile yokuhlola nge-inok alexander peresvetov yenzeka ngenganekwane. Kungenzeka ukuthi le mpi empeleni iyinganekwane ebhalwe phansi 'ye-legend of mamaevid efana nayo, "ngoba ososayensi behluleka ukufakazela iqiniso lakhe.
UDmitry DonSkoy ekuqaleni wayesebuthobeni lokuqapha, kodwa wabe eseshintsha izingubo zakhe nge-Mikhail Bikhail Brekaka futhi wema ezikhundleni zeshefu elikhulu empini. Kuhle futhi ukusho ukuthi amaTataar akwazile ukwahlukanisa i-Russian RHERE futhi axoshe i-flank yangakwesobunxele yama-don amabutho awela emfuleni. Futhi lapha futhi isu lelo badlale indima yalo: inhlangano yayo yasentshonalanga ye-donskoy ayithathanga ukulwa ngasikhathi sinye, njengoba kufanele kulindelwe, kodwa kulindelwe ukuthi i-horde ishesha ngangokunokwenzeka emfuleni. Ngakho-ke, izitha zawela zibi, amahhashi aseTatar ayesemanzini futhi waphazamiseka lapho. UMamay wakwazi ukuphunyula emasimini aseKulisikov kanye neqembu elincane lamabutho, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yebutho lakhe yabulawa. Kule mpi, uDmitry DonSkoy uthole ukungqubuzana, alahlekelwe yihhashi lakhe futhi kamuva atholakala esimweni esingazi lutho, kodwa ephila.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Unkosikazi uDmitry DonSkoy, evdokia Moscow, usabhekwa nje ekade engumama nomlingani. Bahlangane entsheni futhi, ngokusho kwenganekwane, bathandana ngokubheka nje. Ngesikhathi somshado, umakoti wayeneminyaka engu-13 kuphela ubudala, nomakoti 16. Kunoma ikuphi, inyunyana yaseDmitry no-Evdokia babengokomoya kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukuthi iziKholo zeChubo. UDmitry DonSkoy no-Evdokia Moskovskaya wethule impilo yezingane eziyi-12. Obadume kakhulu yibo bayindodana yesibili kaVasily i-Dmitievich, eyaqala ukubusa ngemuva kokushona kukayise, ngoba izibulo likaDmitry kwafa kusenengane.
I-Dmitry I ne-EvDokia amandla amaningi nezimali ezichithwe ekuphathweni kwamathempeli, zakha amasonto amaningi, kubandakanya nabahlali basePereyaslavl, iSonto LakaJohane Indunankulu kanye ne-Ascension Women Restastery eMoscow.
Ngemuva kokushona komyeni wakhe, u-Eddokia Moskovskaya wabuyela emuva esikweni futhi akazange avuse ngokushesha esigodlweni sakhe, kodwa waqala ukumsiza ngeNdodana yakhe ekuphathweni kwe-Prigitritriction Pritriphonce futhi wahlala empini. Abaphikisi bazame ukuhambisa isenzo esinjalo sowesifazane njengokukhaphela komyeni wakhe, bamsole ngokungathembeki nokuziphatha okubi, kodwa abantu babona inkosazana engumfelokazi njengomama omuhle, okhale izingane zabo. U-Evdokia walinda lapho wonke amadodana namadodakazi athola imindeni yawo, khona-ke wahola, waba ngumuntu othandekayo, manje obhekwa njengomsekeli waseMoscow.
Ukushona
Izimo kanye nembangela yokufa kwe-Dmitry DonSkoy akutholakalanga kuze kube manje. Kwakungenakulindeka ukuthi bekubulawa, ngoba isikhulu safa lapho siphumula, ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kube nengxoxo ende nomkakhe nezingane. Ngesikhathi sale ngxoxo, wanikeza umbuso weNdodana ngoVasily, kodwa waphoqeleka ukuba ulalele ngokuqinile intando kamama u-Evdokia Dmitrievna.
UDmitry DonSkaya, owayenempilo yakhe eyabanjwa emzabalazweni ongafuneki ngokumelene nabahlaseli baseYurophu kanye ne-Golden Orn, bafa ngoMeyi 19, 1389. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engama-38 kuphela ubudala. Isikhulu sangcwatshwa e-Arkhangelsk Cathedral yaseKremlin, kwathi kamuva iSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia lalimhlongozwe.