Joan rowling - biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, isithombe, izindaba, izincwadi, i-harry potter, abaphenyi, umlobi, pseudonym 2021

I-Biograge

Umlobi waseBrithani owaziwa kakhulu uJ. K. Rowling (j. K. Rowling), uMdali wamanoveli ngoHarry Potter, abaningi bayazi ukuthi uRobert Gelbrreit naye. I-pseudonym anjalo Umbhali usebenzisa ukubhala abaseshi abadumile abangaphansi

Ubuntwana nentsha

UJoan Rowling wazalwa ngoJulayi 31, 1965 emndenini ojwayelekile ohlala edolobheni lase-Yeith (United Kingdom). Ubaba wentombazane uPeter James Rowling wasebenza eRoll-Royce, umama u-Anne Rowling wayengunkosikazi wasendlini. Lapho umlobi wesikhathi esizayo ephenduka eneminyaka emi-2 ubudala, udadewabo uDiana wavela. Ngo-1969, lo mndeni wathuthela eVerinterbur Poloy.

Ubuntwana bebengakukhathaleli ngempela. Izithombe eziningi zikaJoan omncane, ezithunyelwe kunethiwekhi, ziqinisekise leli qiniso. Yebo, futhi i-rolling uqobo uqobo ikhumbula ubuntwana ngokumamatheka, ngoba yagcwala imidlalo ethokozile nodadewabo, induduzo yomndeni kanye nokufudumala, ukunakekela abazali. Yibo ababedonsela uthando lwezincwadi eziya entombazaneni.

Iqiniso elaziwayo ukuthi abacwaningi abaningi baphuthelwa ekuqaleni kokuqanjwa kwenkanyezi yanamuhla: indaba yokuqala kaJoan yahlanganiswa eneminyaka eyisithupha futhi kusukela kulowo mzuzu akazange ayeke ukudala.

Ngo-1974, umndeni ogqamile wathuthela edolobhaneni laseTatshill. Ukushintshwa kwendawo yokuhlala sekuyethusa ngempela ingane eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala ngenxa yokuthi uJoan wayethanda abangane besikole kakhulu futhi abaphatha.

Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-6 empilweni yentokazi ethile, kwenzeka isehlakalo esinzima: Umama wakhe wagula. Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwalesi sifo kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi lona wesifazane washeshe washona esuka kwi-sclerosis eminingi. Ukugibela umuntu wendabuko uqobo lwaKho uqobo, ngo-1990, uJoan unquma ukushiya uTatshill wathuthela eLondon.

Ukuhlinzeka ngediploma yochwepheshe wezilimi zaseFrance, le ntombazanyana yathola okuthunyelwe nguNobhala eNkantolo Yezizwe Zasemazweni aphesheya. Ngaleso sikhathi esifanayo, i-rowling yathandana okokuqala ngqa, ngakho ngonyaka kamuva, kanye nesoka lathutha lahlala eManchester.

Ngesinye isikhathi, kwakusesitimeleni esiqonde eMancherte siye eLondon, umlobi wabonakala umfanekiso wabangabalandeli bonke, umfana we-wizard ezingilazini eziyindilinga - uHarry Potter.

"U-Harry Potter"

Ukuqala kwentambo yomsebenzi kubhekwa njengonyaka wohlobo lwengxenye yokuqala yenoveli - "uHarry Potter netshe lefilosofi" (1997). Ukujikeleza kwakungamakhophi ayi-1000. NgoNovemba, le ncwadi yathola umklomelo womklomelo weNesery Smarties Book. Ngo-1998, uJoan waba ngumnikazi woMklomelo wamazwe omhlaba weNcwadi Yezinga Lomhlaba.

Ngemuva kwempumelelo nangokwamukelwa kwaleli mbono womlobi e-United States, indali yaqhutshwa, inkatho lapho kushicilelwa khona itshe lefilosofi ". I-American Publishing House Scholastic Incorporation, eyakhokha izinkulungwane ezingama-105, iwine ukunqoba endalini.

Ehlobo lika-1998, ukuqhubeka kwenoveli kwashicilelwa - "Igumbi eliyimfihlo"; Ngo-2000, umhlaba wabona ingxenye yesithathu - "uHarry Potter kanye nesiboshwa sase-Azkaban." Incwadi Yesine enegama elithi "i-Fire Cup" yaphula wonke amarekhodi okuthengisa: Izincwadi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-373 zenziwa ngamahora angama-24.

Okwesihlanu kwe-saga ephumelelayo "Harry Potter kanye nokuhleleka kwePhoenix" kushicilelwe ngonyaka we-2003. Ngemuva kweminye iminyaka emi-2, incwadi yesithupha ethi "UHarry Potter kanye nePrince Half-Blogazi" yephule wonke amarekhodi adlule adlule: IVolumu laliyizigidi eziyi-9 emahoreni angama-24. Ngo-2007, ingxenye yesikhombisa yenoveli ephathelene nomfana weWizard yaqedwa - "izipho zokufa".

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Kuze kube manje, zonke izingxenye eziyi-7 ze-saga ezimnandi zihunyushelwa ezilimini ezingama-70. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafilimu amahle asuswa ngamanoveli e-rongaling, okwakukhona izinkomba zawo uChris Columbus, u-Alfonso quaron noDavid Years.

Ehlobo lika-2016, i-premiere yokudlala "uHarry Potter kanye nengane elahliweyo" eLondon. Ngokuphikisana namahemuhemu amaningi, ukucatshangelwa kwabalandeli, lo msebenzi akayona eye yesishiyagalombili yenoveli, kepha kuphela isimo sokwakhiwa kweshashalazi. Ababhali bangempela "Ingane Eqalekisiwe" nguJack Ameva, uJohn Tiffany.

Umsebenzi uyindaba entsha. Kubonisa izenzo ezenzeka eminyakeni engu-19 ngemuva kwezinto ezenziwa ngezehlakalo ezichazwe "eziphotweni zokufa".

Emaqoqweni WizardingWorldWorldWorld.com Izicelo ezintsha zethulwe, ezihlanganiswa - izithasiselo ezingxenyeni eziyinhloko ze-Pecterian. Iziza zalezi zindaba zisho ngezinhlamvu eziningana zesibili, umlando wokuvela kwejele lase-Azkaban, isikole semilingo "Horwarts".

Ngokusho kwendawo yonke edalwe ngumlobi, i-encyclopedia "Umhlaba womlingo kaJ. K. Rowling" usudalwe amafilimu amanoveli awo.

Ezinye izincwadi ezixakile

Ngaphezu kwamanoveli mayelana nomthakathi omncane ovela eHogwarts, umbhali uye waziwa futhi ngiyabonga kweminye imisebenzi.

"Izilo ezimnandi nezindawo zazo zokuhlala" (izilo ezimnandi nokuthi uzozithola kuphi) yincwadi kuphela ekhishwe ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym nutty Scamman. Le yincwadi ebhaliwe ku-Zoology.

Iningi lemali etholwe ngokuthengiswa kwencwadi (cishe ama- £ 13 million), uJoan wadluliselwa ezithweni ezinkulu kakhulu ezibhekene nomusa wobuntwana. I-Rowling isiphenduke umbhali wesikrini sokuhlolelwa inoveli - izingxenye ezi-2 ze-trilogy ziphume ngaphansi kwamagama "izidalwa ezinhle nalapho zihlala khona" kanye "nobugebengu obuluhlaza eGreen de Wald." Isakhiwo seteyipu sichaza izehlakalo ezenzeka ngo-65 ngaphambi kokuvela komfana uHarry.

Inganekwane "UZaidika Cudich kanye ne-stump-cavity yakhe yabhalwa ngesikhathi ngo-2007-2009. Ukuze lo msebenzi wobuciko wezincwadi zomhlaba wezingane, uPrince Charles unikeze umbhali ngokulandelana koMbuso WaseBrithani.

"Isikhala esihleliwe" - umsebenzi wokuqala wedrama yohlobo lwezenhlalo kusuka ku-rongaling for abadala nentsha.

Umsindo omningi wenze izindaba eziphathelene nomphenyi wangasese ukondla izindiza, umbhali ashicilela uRobert Gelbröit ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym. Ngaphezu kwe- "Cuckoo" ochungechungeni kufaka phakathi "Silkworm", "ekusebenzeni kobubi", "ubumsulwa obubulalayo" negazi elibi ".

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ngo-2020, abalandeli bobuthalo bombhali bakalwe kothando lwezingane lokuqala njengoba uHarry Potter abizwa ngokuthi "Icabog". Njengoba uJoan esho, lo msebenzi wabhalwa cishe eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule phakathi kwezincwadi zePteteriana. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwe-saga, umbhali wanquma ukuhamba isikhashana futhi ahlehlise ukushicilelwa komlando ngokuyifunda kuphela ezinganeni zakhe.

Ekuzifakazelweni, i-rollling ishicilele inganekwane yabafundi abancane. 34 Imifanekiso yencwadi ephrintiwe ngesisekelo sokuncintisana, ikhethe phakathi kwemidwebo yezingane ethunyelwe - Abaphumelele umncintiswano bathola izimo zenoveli ngesiginesha yombhali neminye imiklomelo. Imali yencwadi ethi Umlobi wanikela ngeVolunce Arity Foundation, esiza isisulu kwi-Covid-19.

Amahlazo

I-Rowling ihlaselwe kaningi ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi. Umlobi wasolwa ukuthi ubandlululo, ubuhlanga, abancane abashaya indiva, bebekwe icala lokuntuleka kokwehlukahlukana kwezinhlanga emanoveli nasemvume yokugqilazwa kumuntu wendlu elves. Ngakho-ke uJoan wamemezela uGumbledore Gay, kanye neqhaza le-Hermione esigabeni sokudlala "harry potter kanye nengane elahliwe" banomlingisi onombala omnyama.

Ikakhulu ihlaya elikhulu elizungeze i-rongared laqala ngo-2018. Umlobi wasolwa ngeTransfobia ngenxa yokuthi wabeka njengeTwit, lapho abantu be-transgender babiza khona "amadoda egqoke."

Elinye iphutha likaJoan emehlweni omphakathi we-Trans wawusekelwa yiMaya ukuze alwele ngo-2019. Umeluleki wentela wesikhungo sokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke awuzange unwebe inkontileka, ngoba athi abantu abakwazanga ukushintsha phansi kwemvelo.

Ehlobo ngonyaka olandelayo, ukuphawula komlobi kuya ethemu "abantu abaya esikhathini" esikhundleni segama elithi "Owesifazane" libalwa yiTransfinic.

Kulesi sazi, inzondo yabazondayo yaqala ukufisela ukugqama kokufa, yacelwa ukuba ishise izincwadi zayo, amasayithi amakhulukazi amakhulu kunawo wonke ehlukana nayo. Emisebenzini yombhali, bathola i-fattobia, ngoba ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubhekwa ngezinhlamvu ezingezinhle kuphela. Futhi umakhi we-masculine ngaphansi kwabesifazane abaseziphekweni kwakuyisisekelo sokumangalela uJoan ngamanoveli abonisa ngenkuthalo abantu abahlukumezanayo abanama-astessistors.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Ukusebenza entsheni ku- "Amnesty International Amazwe Amazwe", i-Rowling yafuna indawo entsha yomsebenzi. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokufunda umkhangiso e-Guardian mayelana nomsebenzi kathisha, uJoan wanquma ukuya ePortugal.

Edolobheni lasePorto Rowling, ngahlangana nomlingani wokuqala - intatheli ye-George Aranthes TV. Umshado wabo wenzeka ekwindla ka-1992, kwathi ngoJulayi 1993, umndeni osemusha waba nendodakazi uJessica-Isabel Rowling Aranthes.

Naphezu kobunzima bobudlelwano nowoshasha naye, lona wesifazane wazama ukusindisa umndeni, kodwa waboshwa izigcawu, udlame lwasekhaya, ukushaywa. Umlobi akawafihli amaqiniso anjalo e-biography yabo: Ngelinye ilanga umyeni wakhe wamshaya, wabe esehlanganisa nendodakazi yakhe ekhaya.

Ngo-December 1993, uJoan noJessica ezingalweni zakhe (futhi obhaliwe amakhanda ama-3 kaHarry Potter esikhwameni) waphoqeleka ukuba ahambe aye e-Edinburgh (eScotland) kudadewabo omncane.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ngo-1993, i-Rowling yabuyela eNgilandi. Njengoba esephenduke umama ongayedwa, wakhipha inzuzo yomphakathi (i- £ 70), eyaba yimali kuphela yombhali. Naphezu kwesimo sezimali esingesihle, uJoan waqhubeka nokusebenza ngenkuthalo.

Ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okubabayo empilweni yakhe, owesifazane akazange athathe isinqumo isikhathi eside ukudala umndeni. Wabakhipha isikhathi sakhe sendodakazi yakhe, futhi, ngobuhlakani. Eminyakeni engu-8 kuphela kamuva, uJona waqala futhi umkakhe. Umlobi okhethiwe - Udokotela-anesthesiologist uNayile Michael Murray (umncane iminyaka emi-5).

Ngo-2001, laba bodwa babhalisa ngokusemthethweni lobuhlobo, kwathi ngo-2003 baba nendodana kaDavid. NgoJanuwari 2005, kwavela enye ingane embhalini oshadile, okuthiwa yi-McKenzy. Engxoxweni yakhe yokuqala ngemuva kokubeletha, ukugqama kwathi wajabula kakhulu, futhi imbangela yenjabulo yakhe engenamkhawulo iyizingane eziyintandokazi nangomuntu onothando oqotho.

Joan rowling manje

Manje uJoan uyisibalo esiphumelelayo sokubhala, umbhali we-Screen kanye neFilm Crews. Kufakwa kwababhali abaphezulu abaphezulu abangu-10 abakhokhela kanye noJames Patterson noStephen King. I-Literitage Heritage Rowling ilinganiselwa kumakhulu ezigidigidi zamaRandi, kanye ne-Harry Potter Prading Brand uqobo ngu- $ 15 billion.

Ngo-Ephreli 2021, umlobi waseBrithani wamemezela ukukhululwa kwencwadi yezingane entsha ebizwa ngokuthi "ingulube kaKhisimusi". Izakhiwo zilandisa ngokufika kwe-jack boy, eyathunyelwa ekufuneni isilwane esilahlekile sokudlala esithandekayo.

I-Bibliography

Uchungechunge lwezincwadi eziphathelene noHarry Potter:

• 1997 - "UHarry Potter netshe lefilosofi"
• 1998 - "UHarry Potter kanye negumbi eliyimfihlo"
• Ngo-1999 - "UHarry Potter kanye nesiboshwa se-Azkaban"
• 2000 - "UHarry Potter kanye neNdebe Yomlilo"
• 2001 - "Izilwane Ezimnandi Nezindawo Zazo"
• 2003 - "UHarry Potter kanye ne-Order of Phoenix"
• Ngo-2005 - "UHarry Potter kanye neNkosana yegazi"
• Ngo-2007 - "UHarry Potter kanye Nama-Hallows"
• Ngo-2008 - "Kviddich enezikhathi zasendulo kuze kube namuhla"
• 2008 - "Izinganekwane zeBarda"

Uchungechunge lwezincwadi mayelana nokondla airship:

• 2013 - "Cowung Cuckoo"
• 2014 - "Silkwall"
• 2015 - "Enkonzweni Yobubi"
• Ngo-2018 - "White White"
• 2020 - "Igazi Elibi"

Okunye:

• 2012 - "Isikhala Esihlelekile"
• I-2020 - "Icabog"
• 2021 - "Ingulube kaKhisimusi"