I-Biograge
Imbongi edumile yaseSoviet neyaseRussia yavela ngokukhanya kukaMashi 13, 1913. Unina wayengumhlengikazi nothisha u-Olga Mikhailovna, futhi ubaba usuka e-Intelligent eyayivela engqondweni yenhle vladimir alexandrovich. Umfana waba mdala emndenini futhi kanye nabafowethu abasebasha (u-Alexander noMikhail) babamba ubuntwana obunenjabulo emadolobheni amancane.Ubuntwana nentsha
Isikole sasemakhaya sasinele ngokwanele kusuka ku "generic Nest" kaMikhalkov, ngenxa yalokho abafana baqashele umnakekeli uqobo - i-Emma Rosenberg, i-Overcencess yaseJalimane. U-Emma unamandla futhi wenza ngokuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwamawadi akhe, futhi besaba ukungawulaleli umeluleki wabo. USergey ovela kuzo zonke izinto ezithandwa kakhulu isiJalimane. Indodana endala yaseMikhalkov, ebuntwaneni, yakhuluma kahle ngalolu limi futhi yafunda ngokukhululekile imibhalo eyiqiniso kaSchiller naseGoethe.
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, lo mndeni wathuthela eMoscow, khona-ke abafana bagcina baye esikoleni. USergey wakwazi ukuhumushela masinyane ebangeni lesine. U-Odnoklassniki ekuqaleni wahlekisa okusha, owashubile kakhulu. Kepha ithempeli elijabulisayo nelobungane lembongi yesikhathi esizayo bamvumela ukuba anqobe izinhliziyo zabahlukumezi bakhe futhi abe umngane wabo omkhulu.
Ngokushesha umndeni wakwaMikhalkov waphinde wathutha, noSergey, njengawo wonke umzalwane, waphoqeleka ukuba wakhe ubudlelwano nabantu ofunda nabo. Kulokhu - ensimini yeStavropol. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi sekukhona lapho umsebenzi wokuqala wenkondlo wembongi washicilelwa, ithalente lakhe laqala ukuzibonakalisa ebuntwaneni.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-Eruded and Earismatic Sergey Mikhalkov kusukela esemncane yayithandwa ngabamele ubulili obuhlukile. Unkosikazi wakhe wokuqala waba uNatalia Konchalovskaya (ubaba wakhe wayengumculi odumile uPeter Konchalovsky). Lo mshado wawungabizwa ngokuthi yi-Strange: Lowo oshade naye wayemdala oneminyaka eyishumi kunokuba umyeni wakhe omusha, futhi wayengalwela umqhele. Noma kunjalo, njengoba unikele ngaphansi kwekhanda lembongi encane, lona wesifazane wavunyelwa ukugqoka indandatho eyayikuthandayo emunwe wakhe wokukhala.Ngokumangazayo, le nyunyana eyinqaba yayinamandla amakhulu. USergey noNatalia bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engama-53 futhi behlukane ngo-1988 kuphela, lapho behlukaniswa nokufa kweKonchalovskaya.
Amadodana amabili azalelwa kulo mshado oqinile akhetha indlela yokudala futhi ngokushesha awaba khona abantu abadumile kunabazali bayo. U-Andrei Konchalovsky waziwa ngokuthi umqondisi, umdwebi wesintu nomlobi wesikrini. UNikita Mikhalkov ufana nomdwebi wabantu, umqondisi, umbhali wesikrini nomlingisi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kweNatalia Konchalovskaya yaya ezweni labanye, uSergey Mikhalkov waya ehhovisi lokubhalisa nokhethwe okusha. Unkosikazi wesibili nowokugcina wembongi waba nguJulia Subbotina, indodakazi ye-Acadimic Valery Subbotin. Umehluko eminyakeni engama-48 ungaphazamisi abashadikazi ukuze baphile umphefumulo emphefumulweni, inhliziyo enhliziyweni yokufa kukaSergei Vladimirovich.
Ukudala
Lo mcimbi ongokomlando we-bikalkov yaseSergey Mikhalkov wenzeka ngonyaka we-1928: Umagazini obizwa nge- "Rise" washicilela inkondlo yakhe "Umgwaqo", naphezu kweminyaka yoMbhali. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abadumile kwalezo zinsuku u-Alexander Smemetsky asevele endalweni yezingane yokuqala uSergey wabona amandla akhe amakhulu okudala.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, uSergey Mikhalkov wanquma ukushiya insimu ye-stavropol abuyele enhlokodolobha. Ekuqaleni, kwakumelwe abe nzima kakhulu: Imizamo yokwenza imali ethalenteni lemibhalo eliphele cishe aliphumelelanga, libalwe nganoma yimuphi umsebenzi. Esifisweni sokwenza imali empilweni, uSergey Mikhalkov wasebenza efektri yokuluka, nasezindlini zemvelo, nezinye izikhundla eziningi.
Ngo-1933, iphephandaba i-Izvestia labela isimo sembongi esencane: umbhali ozimele. Umbhali wezingane ezidumile ezaziwayo akazange acabange ukuthi ngisho nangokwengeziwe i-cauplinal coup ekuphelekeni kwakhe kwanamathiselwa ngokoqobo izinyathelo ezimbalwa. Engxenyeni yokuqala yawo-1930s, iqoqo lokuqala lemisebenzi nguSergey Mikhalkov lashicilelwa, futhi kwadingeka enze nabantu baseSoviet. Izinkondlo zakhe zifundeka emakilabhini, insethi yeshashalazi, umsakazo.
Ngo-1936, yonke into ephephandabeni elifanayo i-Izvestia yanyatheliswa inkondlo yenkondlo eyayibizwa ngokuthi yi- "Svetlana". Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ekuqaleni uSergey wabiza ivesi lakhe elithi "Lullaby", kepha wabe esethatha isinqumo sokuphinda wamqamba kabusha, ukuze athokozise ummeli omangalisayo wezocansi. Ntombazane lokhu kuthinta, maye, akuzange ukwazise. Kepha uJoseph Stalin (indodakazi yakhe ebizwa ngokuthi uSvetlana) yayikujula kwenhliziyo kaTogan ngale nkondlo. Ngokwemvelo, ngalezo zinsuku, ukuphakama kukaStalin kwakusho umlobi kakhulu.
Maphakathi nawo-1930s, imbongi yanikezwa ukuthi ibambe iqhaza kulo mncintiswano, lapho kwakudingeka khona ukuqhamuka nengoma yamaphayona. USergey Mikhalkov owayesondela kulo msebenzi waze wahlala waze wasebenza noMholi ekamu lamaphayona, ukuze azwele kahle yonke imikhankaso yemikhankaso, ehleli emlilweni nasezinyathelweni zokuzilibazisa.
"UMalume Staka"
Ukugxekwa kokuqala kwezinkondlo ezalwe evela eMikhalkov ngemuva kokuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo, uBoris Ivanter waba (umhleli wephephabhuku "iphayona". Omunye wemisebenzi (wabe esebizwa ngokuthi "ama-CIZITITS amathathu") kwadingeka ukuba abe yintsha yokunambitha futhi washicilelwa.Ngemuva kwalokho uSergey Mikhalkova wazalwa lo mbono awunqunyelwe enkondlweni eyodwa. Umbhali wanquma ukubhala inkondlo yangempela yezingane, ezizoba nentshisekelo ezinganeni zeminyaka ehlukahlukene. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho umlobi asidalele khona 'umalume esinyathelweni' - mhlawumbe othandwa kakhulu ngumsebenzi wakhe.
Imvamisa ngokuqinile nokukhetha, uBoris Ivanter wajabula ngenkondlo. Ngaphandle kokuba noma yiziphi izindwangu ezishicilelwe umsebenzi ngejenali yakhe, futhi uSergey Mikhalkova ngokwakhe wathumela ukuba afunde ukuhlakanipha kukaSamuel Yakovlevich Marshak. Lokhu kwagcina kutshele imbongi ye-novice, kufanele ibe ngumsebenzi wezingane okufanele ube nomthelela omuhle kwinqubo yentuthuko, ukutadisha, ukukhuliswa kanye nokukhula kwengane.
Ngaphansi kokuholwa ngumeluleki onolwazi, uMikhalkov waphinda wavuma, wanezela "uMalume Isinyathelo". Kancane kancane, le nkondlo yanda futhi yanda, konke ukujika kwenkundla okusha kwengezwe kukho. Ubuqhawe, ukwethembeka nokuzinikela komalume we-Stene - indoda efanelwe izwe lakubo yahlala ingashintshiwe.
Iminyaka Yempi
Kungekudala ngemuva kokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, imbongi enesiphiwo yabizwa ngamanani embutho ebomvu. Iminyaka eminingana, wenza njengombhali wezempi. Izwe, lilwela kakhulu inkululeko yakhe, uSergey ophefumulelwe wokubhala izimo zamafilimu amabili: "Yilwa ngaphansi kwezithombe" kanye "nezintombi ze-Front-Line" ". Ngokwakha isimo "somugqa wangaphambili", imbongi yanikezwa ngemuva kwalokho uMklomelo wombuso.
Ngo-1943, uSergey Mikhalkov nomngane wakhe omuhle kaGabho banquma ukuhlanganyela kulo mncintiswano ngokubhala iculo lesifundazwe senyunyana. Inketho ehlongozwayo imbongi kwakuwukunambitha uJoseph Stalin. Ngemuva kwezinguquko ezincane nezichibiyelo ezincane, leli zulu lavunywa futhi ngosuku lokuvela ngo-1944 lwezwa izwe lalizwa. Ngo-1977, umlobi wabhala ihhovisi lesihleli lesibili lomsebenzi wakhe.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, uSergey VladiMirovich waphinde wabamba iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni iculo elisha, selivele liseRussia Federation. Njengamashumi eminyaka ngaphambili, inketho yakhe yaqashelwa njengefanele kakhulu, kwathi ngonyaka ka-2000, empini yeKurantov, sezwa amavesi eMikhalkov, ebekwe emculweni.
I-Post-War
Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe elikhulu, uSergey Mikhalkov wabuyela ezihlokweni zezingane eziyizintandokazi, ngokubhala ikakhulu imisebenzi yezingane. Ngeseluleko sika-Alexander Tolstoy, wazama yena ohlontweni lwe-basni. Isipiliyoni saphumelela kakhulu, futhi ngokuhamba kweminyaka yomsebenzi wakhe wokudala, uSergey Vladimirovich wakwazi ukubhala izinkondlo ezingaphezu kwama-250 eziboshwe.Futhi, imbongi yahlanganyela ekubhaleni imibhalo yamafilimu anezithombe. Isibonelo, kuye ukuthi siphoqelekile ekuqubukeni kwamakhathuni amahle kangaka futhi amnandi, njengoba "lapha ungalumi," "Ukuzingela isibhamu", "e-Afrika kuyashisa", "njengenkomo endala ethengisiwe", "Boy-Zaknayka". Sekukonke, izimo zeSergey Mikhalkov zadonswa imidwebo enezilwane eziningana, kufaka phakathi amakhathuni ngo-terte we-terte.
USergey Mikhalkov kanye nezimo zamafilimu: "Amabhuzu amathathu kanye amabili", "amabhuzu ekati amasha emabhuthini", "Uhambo olukhulu lwendawo", njll. Ubuye wahumusha nesiRussia futhi wavumelanisa nalaleli Soviet, imibhalo yama-opharetha aseCzech adumile athi "DACH noKacha" futhi "bathengiswe nguMloti". Imbongi yazihlukanisa nemidlalo yokubhala eyenzelwe umphakathi wabantu abadala: "umzingeli", "u-Ilya golovin", "uDickari", "uDickari", "Ezitons Burcelli" waphuma ngaphansi kwepeni lakhe.
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki
Njengomunye wezimbongi eziyintandokazi uStalin USergey Vladimirovich ngempumelelo wakhe umsebenzi wezepolitiki ngempumelelo. Ukwazile ukuthola okuthunyelwe nguNobhala Wezababhali Union, ngemuva kwalokho - unobhala we-Union of Writers ye-RSFSR, futhi kamuva - usihlalo wale nhlangano.
USergey Mikhalkov futhi wakwazi ukusebenza njengephini loMkhandlu Ophakeme. Ukuphumelela kwezepolitiki, imbongi yayivame ukugxekwa okwenzeka ngesikhathi sikaphila, owabheka umsebenzi wayo njengomngane maqondana neziphathimandla.
Phakathi kokunye, ngasikhathi sinye uMikhalkov wabamba iqhaza ekushushisweni kwabaphikisi. Kungenzeka ukuthi nge-Age Yengqondo yombhali ngalesi simo isishintshile, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi wakukholelwa ngempela ukuthi uzokwenza okufanele.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, umbhali wathatha isikhundla somunye wabatholi beNhlangano Yokubhala ubumbanweni, futhi ngaphambi kokushona kwakhe banikeze umyalo weNgcwele umphostoli u-Andrei wokukhuthaza ensimini yemibhalo.
Ukushona
Umlobi ushone ngo-Agasti 27, 2009, ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engama-96 ubudala. UMitive and Izihlobo uMikhalkov uthe ngaphambi nje kokugcina empilweni yabo yokuhamba eSnah Sergey Vladimirovich yakhe imfudumalo yasho kubo bonke abantu abathandayo. Futhi ngaphambi kokuthi uphume ekugcineni komhlaba wethu, wavula amehlo akhe futhi wamemezela kahle: "Kwanele kimi. Hamba kahle".
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi othile aphikisane neqiniso lokuthi imbongi enethalente yaphila impilo ecebile yashiya umkhondo obonakalayo emlandweni nakwisiko. USergey Mikhalkov wangcwatshwa emathuneni eNovodevichy, wavalelisa embongi imbongi yayiqhutshelwa esontweni likaKristu ngosuku lokufa kwakhe.