I-Biograge
ERussia, ngeke uthole umuntu ongeke asazi emsebenzini we-Edward Uspensky. Impilo yami yonke, le ndoda yanikezelwa ezinganeni nasezindleleni zokubenza bajabule. Futhi, nakanjani, abukho ntu abaseRussia Federation abangeke babone amakhathuni adalwe ngokususelwa ezincwadini zika-Eduard Nikolaevich. Kufanelwe ukuqashelwa kwabantu nothando ngenxa yemisebenzi emihle ekhombisa amanani afanelekile ngendlela eqondakalayo futhi efinyelelekayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-biography ka-Eduard Nikolayevich yaqala ngoDisemba 22, 1937 eYegoryvsk. Abazali babengenabuhlobo nendlela yokubhala. Ubaba uNikolai Mikhailovich wasebenza njengodokotela wefilimu emnyangweni wokuzingela weKomidi eliseCentral of the Cppsu, ngakho-ke kwakukhona izilwane eziningi endlini.
Umama ngemfundo kwakuwunjiniyela wokwakha umshini. Ngaphezu kwe-Edik, kwakhuliswa amanye amadodana amabili emndenini, umfowethu u-Igor noJr. Yuri. Ngobuzwe, uBaba wokucabanga wayengumJuda, futhi umama useRussia.
Lapho u-Eduardo eneminyaka eyi-10, ubaba amthandayo waphuma empilweni yakhe, izingane zasala nonina. Umndeni wawuhlala efulethini ngethemba le-kutuzovsky.
Eminyakeni yokuqala ka-Edik Ros Najor Boy. Ingane ayinendaba, ngakho-ke "i-neutsised" ukusika ezimbili kusuka kudayari. Ukuxhaswa okubi kwezezimali okuthintekile: Ngemuva kokushona kukababa, umndeni wahlala kabi. Kepha ngakho konke lokhu, kulokhu, njengengane, umlobi wesikhathi esizayo waphupha ngomsebenzi kaNgqongqoshe noma i-Acatemian.
Lapho u-Edward ephule umlenze wangena esibhedlela. Ngemuva kwalokho umfana wacela umama ukuthi alethe izincwadi futhi aqala ukuzibandakanya. Ngokushesha, ukusebenza kwaba ngcono, futhi insizwa iphela ngama-gramists ukuze anqobe ama-Olimpiki. Ikakhulu insizwa enhle yanikezwa izibalo.
Imfundo ka-USPensky yamukelwe ephakeme kwi-Moscow Aviation Institute. Ngemuva kokufunda, waya emsebenzini njengonjiniyela, futhi ngesikhathi sakhe samahhala waqala ukuqamba izimo nezindaba zezindaba. Unentshisekelo ebuhloda bakhe, wayesebusheni bakhe: Esikoleni umfana wawungabeluleki unomphela ngezinto ezazibangelwa yizinkondlo zezingane ezihlekisayo. Imfundo yaseNyuvesi le nsizwa ihlanganiswe nendalo nokubamba amakhabethe nezinkulumo zeklabhu yendawo kujabulise futhi kuhlakaniphile.
Okwesikhashana nje, wasebenza ebusheni obukhethekile, e-USPEnsky waqala ukuzibandakanya ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi wombhali. Ngaqamba izindaba nezinkondlo zezingane, kodwa bazinyathelisa kaningi. Imidwebo ehlekisayo kanye nezindaba ze-eduard ye-satira block zazifunwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, umlobi akafuni ukuthuthuka kulokhu.
Akukaziwa ukuthi ikusasa lemisebenzi emihle kakhulu lalingaba nalo yini uma abadali bekhathuni bebengazinakanga. Ngenxa yomfanekiso obonakalayo wemibhalo ka-Ossensky, udumo lomhlaba lwatholakala.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umndeni uhlala uphefumulela umlobi, ikakhulukazi ekwakheni izinhlamvu ezingalindeleki kakhulu. Umbhali wasungula uSpokllllllyak okhanyayo futhi ongasoze walibaleka, ekhumbula uRimma ka-Ex-uRimma. Ngokusho kombhali odumile, lowo oshade naye wahlukaniswa ukulimala. Yize emfanekisweni, uyaqhubeka, kunezinye zezici ezingezinhle zobuntu bombhali uqobo.Ukukhala kwendodakazi yezingane kwaqala umthombo wegama likaCheburashka, futhi kamuva wonke umlando walo mlingisi. Leli qhawe laba lisedume: Wathandwa yizakhamizi zezwe lelanga eliphumayo, wabe eseluphawu lweRussia emiqhudelwaneni yezemidlalo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu yombhali ibingelula. U-Edward Uspensky washada kathathu. Kusukela emshadweni wokuqala, owathatha iminyaka eyi-18, waba nendodakazi uTatyana uspenskaya, onomndeni wawo futhi owanikeza umzukulu wakhe uCatherine nomzukulu wakwa-Edward. Ukusuka e-Second Union, umlobi wahlala futhi izingane - amadodakazi amabili aphambanisa, umbhangqwana owaqala.
Okwesithathu u-Edward Nikolayevich washada nomethuli we-TV odumile - Induna yomlobi yaba ngu-Eleonora Filin. Ngokubambisana nomlobi othandekayo kwaholela ohlelweni lomsakazo "Imikhumbi yeza ethekwini lethu." Ngenxa yalokho, ubudlelwane obusemthethweni baphenduka inoveli yangempela.
Inqubo yomshado noshade naye wokugcina yayinomsindo. Unkosikazi owenziwa kuthelevishini futhi kwabezindaba ngezitatimende ezinkulu, waxoxa phambi kombhali nomlobi.
Ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka ahlala ndawonye, lapho izwe lonke libheka lokhu okuyisibonelo, u-Eleanor wakhubeka umyeni wakhe owayenikeze umyeni wakhe futhi waqala ukusho ukuthi empeleni yilokho okuyinyunyana nomlobi. Kuthiwa amagama amaningi angathandeki ashiwo ekhelini manje umyeni wangaphambilini, abonakalisa umlingiswa wamadoda nokuziphatha empilweni yansuku zonke.
Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo ngenkathi unkosikazi wangaphambili wenziwa kuthelevishini, umbhali ngokwakhe walwa nesifo esibi - umdlavuza. Le ndoda yaya eJalimane, lapho adlula khona inkambo ye-chemotherapy. Ukwelashwa kwathonya inhlala-kahle ka-Eduard Nikoleyevich. Izithombe zesikhathi zibonisa ukuthi i-Uspensky yayidinga usizo kusuka.
Ekuqaleni, u-Eleanor wayeseceleni komlingani wakhe, wanakekela umlobi, kodwa ukubekezela kwabesifazane kwakwanele izinyanga ezimbalwa, emva kwalokho uFilina wabuyela eRussia washiya edwaleni kwelinye izwe.
Ukucatshangelwa isikhathi eside kungazange kuphawula ngezenzo zika-Eleanora, kodwa wake wenza isitatimende sokuthi imbangela yokuziphatha kwalona wesifazane iyisikweletu esikhulu semali, okuthi, kusho umfazi wangaphambili ngokulahlekelwa yi-Edward UNikoleyevich.
Noma kunjalo, umbhali wawunzima ngempela kumlobi, izihlobo kanye nozakwabo baqinisekisa. Soclant naye nokweseka ngokuphelele ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu nobusebenzayo abakwazanga konke. Ezinye izici zomuntu ngamunye zomlingiswa ka-Eduard Nikolayevich ngasikhathi esithile zifaka isiphambano ngendlela engaziwa ngaleso sikhathi mayelana noMalume Foodor: Indatshana yenqabile ukuphrinta, yesaba amahlazo angazelelwe kanye nezicelo ezivela kumlobi.
Indoda ayizange ibhalwe ngoku-oda, ngoba akazange akubheke ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwenza ushintsho emlandweni endaweni yabantu abavela eceleni. Lokhu kungcola kuvame ukuhambisa izisebenzi nobuhlobo bomuntu siqu bomlobi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, mhlawumbe ngeke bakubone ukukhanya kwezinhlamvu zomphakathi eziyizintandokazi zomcabango kuleso simo esiyingqayizivele, umbhali amnikeze wona.
Ngokuqondene no-Eduard Nikolayevich uqobo, wabona izilwane nezinyoni, amapharothi akhe nezinja zazihlala ekhaya, umbhali wakujabulela ukujabula. Umlobi wasebenza nsuku zonke, waqanjwa endlini yezwe naseMoscow. Esikhathini sakhe samahhala, ukuthandwa ukubheka imibukiso ye-TV yakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi ngezindikimba zezokwelapha. UDkt House wayeyifilimu eyintandokazi ehlukahlukene.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi u-Eduard Nikolayevich uhloniphe umsebenzi ka-Oleg Tabakov. Kungakho umlingisi onobuhlakani athembele ekubizeni kwekati matroskin kusuka ku- "Prostokvashino".
Ngo-Ephreli 2018, umlobi waxoxa naye lapho etshela khona ukuthi umlingani wesibili u-Elena Uspenskaya wayeseceleni kwakhe. Owesifazane wathethelela umyeni wangaphambili futhi wabuya. Muva nje, u-Eduard nomkakhe baphila ngokuthula nangokuzwana, basekelana futhi abakhumbulanga okwedlule. Lo mbhangqwana unethemba lokuthi umlobi uzobhekana nokugula.
Futhi u-Eleonora Filina kuthiwa waya kule ndoda ethandekayo eyayineminyaka engama-30. Umgcini we-TV uthathe imali mboleko yama-ruble ayizigidi eziyisithupha. Ukuze umfana athole ibhizinisi, kodwa washisa.
I-Filin ngokwayo ayibonwa kulokhu. Owesifazane uthi angeke asondele kakhulu kumyeni odedeli. Ngokusho kwakhe, nge-USPEnsky, wayefuna ukuhlukanisa isehlukaniso kudala, kodwa wamiswa ngempilo nokuxilongwa ngumyeni wakhe.
Izincwadi nokuhlola
Imisebenzi ka-Eduard Nikolayevich iyathandwa phakathi kwabafundi emhlabeni jikelele. Izindaba zesusikazi zihunyushwa ngezilimi ezingaphezu kwezingu-20 zomhlaba, ezishicilelwe futhi ziphrintile iminyaka eminingi ngemuva kokubonakala.
Ukunaka umbhali kwanikezwa eSweden. Lapho, izingoma zabesilisa zithole ukuthandwa okunjalo ukuthi amaqhawe abonakale kuthelevishini, nangomagazini, nase-Edward Uspensky ngokwakhe wamenyelwa kubabhali baleli lizwe. Imisebenzi yombhali yawazisa amakhosi aseYurophu ezincwadini zezingane njengoba u-Astrid Lindgren, uTuva Jansson no-Anna Schmidt.
Ngiqale ukucabanga njengomuntu ohlekisayo. Ngokubambisana noFeliksi Kamov, wabhala imidwebo ehlukahlukene ye-Satirical, ama-feuethms we-pop duet livshire kanye neLewenbuk. Ikhono lakhe kulo hlobo, umlobi wahlonishwa kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwama-60s.
Odume kakhulu kwabafundi abahlukahlukene ngezincwadi zombhali yizindaba ezivela kuchungechunge ezintathu zeProsokvashino, lapho kukhona uMalume Foodor, ikati nenja. I-Steel Ethandwayo Nezindaba lapho uGene Crocodile noCheburashka abahilelekile khona.
Ukusabalalisa okuningi kwathola enye yemibhalo yokuqala yombhali "phansi umfula womlingo". Amaqhawe wezinganekwane abantwana, izilwane, izidalwa ezimangazayo. Esikhathini esizayo, i-bibliography yombhali yagcwaliswa ngemisebenzi enjengokuthi "ibhodi loboya", "mayelana nokukholwa ne-Anfisu", "ubuchwepheshe bakwaMasha Filipeko", "" abangama-25 ".
Umlando wokushicilelwa kwemibhalo eminingi wawungelula. Umbhali wagxekwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezici zamaphayona eSoviet esithombeni nasekuziphatheni kweCheburashka, ukucwaswa kwabantu ukunqabela amanye amavesi nemidwebo. Noma kunjalo, iningi lemisebenzi yokucabanga, kanye nezingoma zakhe ziphambuke ngezingcaphuno nama-aphorisms.
Uthole umlobi kanye nakwi-folklore yezingane. Wadala incwadi eyethusayo lapho kwakubuthana khona "izindaba ezihlukumezayo" ezahlukahlukene. I-Edition yathola igama elithi "isandla esibomvu, ishidi elimnyama, iminwe eluhlaza".
Ukuhlolwa kwezindaba zezingane kwenzeka ngaphansi kokulawulwa okubucayi komlobi. U-Edward Uspensky wenza umlobi wesikrini kuwo wonke izithombe ezindabeni zabo. Ngokwezindaba nezindaba zombhali, amafilimu amabili abuciko adaliwe, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uchungechunge lwadutshulwa.
Ngokuqala kokuthandwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, u-Edward Uspensky uqala ukwenza ukusakazwa - ukufunda izinkondlo nezindaba. Ubhala ama-play atshela ngezinhlamvu eziyizintandokazi. Ngawo-1980s, ukuhlanganiswa kokuqala okunezindaba ezikhuluma nge-ShapoKlyak, Matroskin, Kolobca.
Ngisho nokusuka ngaphansi kwempaphe u-Edward Ukucatshangelwa, izinganekwane "Amadoda Awaranti" kanye "namaCorobs aholayo". Inkondlo iyathandwa ngenkondlo ethi "Indaba Esabisayo" futhi "Phezu Kwethu Efulethini".
U-Eduard Nikolayevich wasebenza kuthelevishini. Waba umgqugquzeli we-Ideologium kanye nombhali wokuhambisa umjikelezo wezingane zeminyaka ehlukene.
Kuze kube yizinsuku zamuva nje, umlobi wezingane wahlala eRussia futhi washicilela imisebenzi emisha eSamovar yendlu yokushicilela. Ngo-2016, umdlalo ophathelene nomfula womlingo waba yisisekelo sokwenza umsebenzi ogcwele ogcwele e-Russian Reage Theatre.
Umbhali waseSoviet noRussia wathola umklomelo kaninginingi. Ngo-1997, wethulwa nge-oda "ngokufanelekela ukuba yizwe". Ngo-2010, u-Eduard Nikolaevich waba ngumnqobi weK. Chukovsky Premium, onikezwa abalobi bezingane.
NgoNovemba 2017, owesilisa wabhala incwadi evulekile eya kuMongameli weRussia Federation Vladimir Putin, lapho osolwa i-"soyuzmultfilmm" Studio yefilimu ngokwephula amalungelo obunikazi. Ngokusho kombhali, uchungechunge olusha oluthi "Prostokvashino" lwaphuma ngaphandle kolwazi lokucabanga. Uveze ukuthi akazange avuse imvume.
U-Anton Tabukov, uJulia Menson, u-Ivan Okphebystin noGarik Sukachev babamba iqhaza ekukhalazelweni kwamaqhawe athandekayo. U-Anton noJulia bazisola ngokuthi u-Eduard Nikolaevich ukhulume kakhulu ngochungechunge olusha lwefilimu enezithombe. Ukukhishwa kokuqala kokuqhubeka, okushicilelwe ngo-Ephreli 2018, kuqoqwe ukubukwa kwezigidi ezimbalwa kunethiwekhi.
Isiqephu sesibili sekhathuni saphuma ngoMeyi. Uchungechunge lwalunikelwe kwinkumbulo ka-Oleg Tabakov. Ngosuku lokuqala, ukukhululwa kubukeke kwakubukeka abantu abayizigidi ezingama-25.
Ukushona
U-Eduard Resusususe 5 walwa nesimila sesisu. Ngemuva kokululama, wagula futhi: Kwaqala umdlavuza wendlala. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umbhali we-chemotherapy wadlula eYurophu, wehluleka ukuqeda lesi sifo.Ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Agasti 2018, kwatholakala ukuthi i-Eduard Asspensky isekhaya lakhe, umlobi ulahlekelwe ukwazi. Kubangele ukuthwala i-ambulensi. Esihlalweni sodokotela ukuya esibhedlela, waphendula ngokwenqaba. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, ka-Agasti 14, umlobi wafa. Odokotela bakuqinisekisile ukuthi imbangela yokufa kwe-USPEnsky yaba umdlavuza.
Umngcwabo womlobi wabanjelwa eMoscow, umcimbi wokuvalelisa wenzeka ehhovisi eliphakathi lababhali. I-USPEnsky's Lines's itholakala emathuneni aseTroecorsky.
Amahlazo
Ngemuva kokushona kwe-USPEnsky, umbuso wasala, olinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama- $ 20. EWilly, lonke ifa lathola u-Elena Uspenskaya. Leli qiniso lithukuthele nguTatiana Asspenskaya, lona wesifazane uthole isigxobo kuphela esivela endlini yomlobi eKlyazma futhi wafika ngakwesokunene ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaYise. Noma kunjalo, indodakazi yomlobi ayizange ingene engxabanweni yezezimali nendlalifa.
Kodwa-ke, umncintiswano omusha wengcebo eqoqiwe wavele wazungezwa umlobi. Baba ngumlobi uValentin Postnikov. Le nsizwa estudiyo sesitudiyo sokudlulisela "i-ether eqondile" yamenyezelwa ukuthi uyindodana yokucabanga. Ngokusho kukaValentina, umama wakhe wamvumile, okwathi ngasikhathi sinye waba nenoveli yesikhashana nomlobi wezincwadi zezingane.
Ngo-2020, ukukhumbula umlobi, umtapo wezincwadi wezingane waseRussia wamemezela umncintiswano we-Logo Fairy Tale Logo ored Adjerd Asspensky. UTatyana Uspenskaya uphendule kulesi sikhalazo, esabhala incwadi evulekile ebuza ukuthi angasebenzisi umvuzo kuyise.
Owesifazane ubike ukuthi wenza njalo udlame lwasemakhaya, no-Eduard Nikolayevich, ukhumbula kuphela njengehlelo lomndeni noVictor Colebun. Kamuva, amagama kaTatiana aqinisekisa u-Eleanor Filina.
Umphakathi awukwazanga ukuphendula isitatimende esizwakalayo esinjalo. UBoris Grachevsky wabika ukuthi esimweni somklomelo, kuphela umbhali wemibhalo obhekwayo, futhi akunakuphikwa. Futhi uYuri u-Entin usolwa ukuthi waphakamisa ukuthi indodakazi yalowo wabhala ngaleyo iphazamise intukuthelo yakhe kuYise ngenxa yokuntuleka kwegama lakhe eTestamente lakhe.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1966 - "IGena yeCrocodile nabangane bayo"
- 1972 - "Phansi Umfula Wemilingo"
- Ngo-1974 - "UMalume Foodor, inja nekati"
- 1975 - "" Amadoda Awaranti "
- 1976 - "Ibhizinisi elimangalisayo"
- 1983 - "Ukuphumula e Prostokvashino"
- 1985 - "Ukukholwa no-Anfisa emtholampilo"
- 1987 - "I-Kolobok iyahamba ngomkhondo"
- 1990 - "Isandla esibomvu, ishidi elimnyama, iminwe eluhlaza"
- 1997 - "Ubusika eProstokvashino"
- 2001 - "Amakhowe eCheburashka"
- Ngo-2007 - "Impilo Entsha E-Prostokvashino"
- 2011 - "Amadoda Awaranti ayabuyiselwa"
- 2011 - "Ghost kusuka Prostokvashino"
Izics
- Ngo-1969 - "ANTOSKA"
- 1971 - "Cheburashka"
- 1971 - "Redhead, Red, Konopatoy"
- Ngo-1978 - "Abathathu bavela ku-Prostokvashino"
- 1979 - "Umalume au"
- 1980 - "Baba Yagi ngempaphe!"
- 1981 - "I-Plastice Crow"
- 1983 - "Uphenyo luhola uKolobki"
- Ngo-1986 - "Mayelana Nokholo ne-Anfisu"
- 2011 - "Intwasahlobo e Prostokvashino"