I-Biograge
UJan Frenkel - I-Kiniquetommode, i-violinist, umculi, uPianist, umlingisi, umdwebi wesintu we-USSR.Ubuntwana nomndeni
UJan Abramovich Frenkel wazalelwa kule minyaka edlule ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule edolobheni lase-Ukraine lasePolov. Ubaba wakhe, u-Abrama uNathanovich, wayengumuntu wezinwele, wabulala indodana yakhe emculweni kusukela eminyakeni emincane. Ngokusho kukaJana Abramovich, ubaba wakhe wayeqiniseka ukuthi lonke ikusasa lengane lincike kwikhwalithi yomdlalo kwi-violin.
Indlela efanayo nekusasa lomfana likhuluma kangcono ngobuzwe babazali bakhe kunegama noma igama. U-Abrama uNathanovich wafundisa indodana yakhe encwadini, kodwa ngendlela yakhe engangiqonda ngayo izincomo zababhali, ngakho umfana akazange athole amazwana amanothi okungamanga, kodwa ama-struts. Eminyakeni engu-13 yang ungene e-Music Academy. UJakov Shiner noBoris Lytoshinsky baba ngabafundisi be-violistist yosencane. UFratel wafunda e-Academy kuze kube ngu-1941.
Umculi empini
UJan Frenkel wazalwa ngo-1925, kodwa kulokhu kungukuhlukahluka. Lapho kuqala impi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, umculi osemncane wanquma ukuya ngaphambili nangobuciko bandisa iminyaka yakhe. Emibhalweni esemthethweni, le nsizwa yashintsha unyaka wokuzalwa ngo-1920, kangangokuba wabhaliswa esikoleni samasosha ase-Orenburg. Kwakungekho mibuzo ngekomidi lokwamukelwa, kusukela eneminyaka engu-16, le nsizwa yayivele yakha kahle emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke kubo bonke ubufakazi bemibhalo kaYang baba mdala iminyaka emi-5.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni ngo-1942, uFrankel waya phambili. Ukuze umdwebi othuthukile uchithe isikhathi esingangonyaka, kodwa ngemuva kokulimala kanzima nokwelashwa kwathiwa yimidlalo yaseshashalazini yangaphambili. I-Yang idlale e-accordion, i-violin nepiyano, yahlanganiswa futhi yacula izingoma. Umculi osemusha wenza konke ukusekela abalwa nebutho elibomvu. Ingoma yokuqala kaFrenkel "yahamba ngomshayeli we-lane" yalotshwa ngaye ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphambili, umculi osemusha akagcinanga umqambi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi wahlangana nonkosikazi wakhe wesikhathi esizayo.
Umsebenzi wokuchuma
Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, uYang waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe womculo ngokuhlala eMoscow. Ngasekupheleni kwama-40s, akekho umuntu onesithakazelo nobuzwe bukaFrackel noma iminyaka yakhe yangempela. Umculi wenze ukucutshungulwa kwemisebenzi edumile, ukubenza ezindaweni zokudlela ezibizayo zedolobha. Kuleyo minyaka, uFrankel ubhale kabusha izikolo zamalungu enyunyana yabaqambi be-USSR futhi enze amalungiselelo emisebenzi yabo. Ngenxa yobudlelwano emibuthanweni yomculo, uJan Abramovich wahlangana nababhali besikhathi sakhe.
Ukubambisana noMikhail Tanyan, uRobert Christmas, Konstantin Vanhlonkin, Inna HotEd ukuvela ekufuthweni kwezibalo eziningi. Umsebenzi womqambi wasiza izibalo zomculo ezidumile. Lapho uFrandel esongelwa ngaphandle okuvela enyunyana yabaqambi, uDmitry Shostakovich wamsiza. Wayesabele kahle ngesinye sezingoma zika-Yana Abramovich, eqeda ukulimala komculi.
Izingoma eziningi zikaFrenkel zazalwa lapho zibhekene negumbi lakhe eliseduze nasendlini yomphakathi. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, umqambi wagijimela epharetha elijwayelekile walwa ngocingo umculo omusha komunye wabangane. Ngemuva, izingane zazikhala, omakhelwane bafunga, kepha umculi akazange avikele ubunzima bendlu. Ngakho-ke bavele ngokukhanya kwezingoma: "Omunye ulahlekelwe, othile uthola", "Kalina Red", "Ngiphuthume, ngiphuthume, ngixolise" nabanye.
Ngokwesikhombisa, umqambi onekhono waqinisa isikhundla sakhe ngemuva kokuwina umncintiswano wenguqulo entsha ye-anthem ye-USSR. Umsebenzi wabaqambi bezwe abahola phambili wakhangwa. Ikhomishini, enqume umnqobi, ibheke i-Dmitry Shostakovich, eyayikade isize uFrenkel ukuthi agweme okuhlukile ku-Union of TOCOSERS.
Ngokwesikhombisa, uFrenkel wembula hhayi nje njengomqambi, kodwa futhi njengethalente elinethalente. Wayazi ukuthi angalanda kanjani izingoma kumafilimu ukuze ashaye masinyane. IFilmrezhsters ifakwe emvelweni ukuze imeme uYana Abramovich ukuthi asebenze ngomculo ezithombeni zawo. Eminyakeni edlule yokuqamba, uFrackel wabamba iqhaza ekwakheni amafilimu angaphezu kwamashumi ayisithupha.
Umculi akazange amelane futhi abheke ezilingweni ukuze azizame yena njengomdlali. Ufake inkanyezi ezindimeni ze-episodic ngamafilimu amane. UGarson uLouis Leonid kwifilimu elithi "umqhele woMbuso WaseRussia" kwakuyindlela ekhumbuleka kunazo zonke esikrinini se-movie kwifilimu "umqhele woMbuso WaseRussia". Lesi sithombe sasingesinye sezingxenye zomjikelezo weteyipu, eziboshwe ngomculo kaFrenkel. Ubhale amafilimu mayelana ne-avetersers exakile yokwakheka: "Ukuphishekela", "Ingoma kaJashka-Tsygana", "insimu yaseRussia" nabanye.
UYana Abramovich wabopha ubungani obusondelene nabaculi abaningi. Omunye wabangani bakhe kwakungu-Andrei Mironov. Umlingisi odumile waseSoviet wenza kaninginingi izingoma zikaFrandel ngesikhathi sokuhlunga amafilimu. Izitifiketi zalobungani ziyizithombe eziningi ezivamile nezinkumbulo zozakwethu.
UFrankel wabhala umculo hhayi kuphela nge-movie ne-pop. Wayephathwa kahle ngemiculo yamakhathuni. Ifilimu yokuqala yokugqwayiza nomculo kaFrenkel yadedelwa ngo-1962, kwathi yokugcina - ngo-1986. Imiculo kaFrankel yayihambisana nezinkulumo zesiteji uMaryron no-Alexander Menacher, kanye nezinganekwane ze-Comic Duet "Tarapu kanye ne-plug." Ngazwa umculo weYana Abramovich nasezixhumalweni ze-TV.
UFrankel waba ngumqambi wefilimu omuhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokunambitheka kwakhe okuhle nothando lwezobuciko. Kusuka ekuhambeni nasekuhambeni kwamabhizinisi, uFrackel uhlala eletha naye ezinye izinhlobo ezijabulisayo zezincwadi ezingandile. Eminyakeni yokuphila kwakhe, umqambi waqoqa umtapo wezincwadi omuhle. UJan Abramovich wenza kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu kanye nezimo zemvelo. Akazange ayeke ukungabikho kokushisa nokukhanya, imvula noma ezinye izithiyo. Empilweni yakhe kwakukhona icala lapho izilaleli zihlangana nengxenye yodonga ekhaya ukuletha upiyano kusuka ekusebenzeni komqambi othandekayo.
"Cranes"
Enye yezingoma ezaziwa kakhulu ezakhiwe nguFrenkel zaba ukwakheka kwe- "Cranes". Ukubulawa kwaleli culo kwalolu lungelokumaka amaBernes. Umculi wawuphothula umsebenzi wakhe womculo nendlela yokuphila. Emva kwenyanga ngemuva kokuqoshwa kokwakheka kwe- "cranes", uMark Bernes wafa.
Ingoma yabhalwa ngo-1968, ngesisekelo sayo umbhalo weNaum Gresheva, okwakungukuhunyushwa kwenkondlo yasekuqaleni uRasul Gambatov waba isiRussia. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kungaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala kumaqoqo wezingoma ezihamba phambili zamasosha. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwengoma, ama-Cranes aba uphawu lwamasosha afile. Emadolobheni amazwe ahlukahlukene athintwe yizimpi zekhulu lamashumi amabili, kunezinto eziningi zeSikhumbuzo lapho izinto eziphambili ziyizinto eziphambili izingoma ezihambisana nezivumelwano.
Impumelelo yengoma yayikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba uFrackel angaba nenkinga. Enye yezikhalazo ezingaziwa ekusebenzeni njalo kwezakhi ziye zafinyelela ngisho ne-poltowburo yeKomidi eliKhomidi le-CPSU. Gwema izinkinga zikaFrenkel zisize ukuvikela komuntu siqu kaLeonid Brezhnev.
Ngezikhathi ezihlukile, iculo elithi "ama-cranes" lenziwa ngu: UMark Berners, uBoyan Codrich, uDmitry Khvorostovsky, uHerman Van Vena, u-Elena Venve, uMark Olmond.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UJan Abramovich wahlangana nonkosikazi wakhe wesikhathi esizayo phakathi nempi. Ngemuva komshado, unkosikazi kaFrackel, uNatalia Melikova, wamnika indodakazi uNina. Umndeni wawuhlala egumbini elincane efulethini lomphakathi, okwabuswa nguYang ngo-1946. Indodakazi yomqambi kusukela ngo-1980 ihlala e-Italy. Unendodana eyayibizwa ngokuthi uJan.
Umzukulu wangena ezinyathelweni zikamkhulu wakhe waba ngumculi. Usebenza e-Orchestra ye-US Coast Secondary Academy. Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kweYana Abramovich yabanjwa endlini eKayanov Street. Lokhu kufakazelwa yi-plaque yeSikhumbuzo efakwe ekuqaleni kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili.
Ukuqedwa kwendlela yokuphila
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980s, odokotela bathola umdlavuza ngoJan Frenkel. Ukwelashwa kumqambi akusizanga, lesi sifo sathuthuka ngokushesha. Ngenxa yenhlala-kahle empofu, umqambi wayevame ukuzithola esibhedlela. Ehlobo lika-1989, uJan Abramovich wanquma ukushintsha izindonga zasesibhedlela ebusweni basolwandle. Umqambi wahamba nomndeni wakhe waya eRiga futhi wafela lapho ngo-Agasti 25. Umzimba wathuthwa eMoscow ngemoto.
Umngcwabo womqambi udluliselwe emathuneni eNovodevichy. Bahamba noFrenkel ngaphansi kwemisindo yomculo wakhe. Isikhumbuzo sikaJan Abramovich sahlelwa endaweni yokudlela yase-All-Russian Theatre Society. Siza imemori yomqambi yeze abangane bakhe kanye nozakwabo. Umfelokazi kaJan Frenkel, uNatalia Mikhailovna, washiya impilo yakhe iminyaka embalwa emva kokushona komngane womshado.