I-Biograge
URasul Ghamzatovich Gambatov - imbongi ye-Avar Origin, oPhikweningo, umhumushi, umhumushi, iKavaler yokuhleleka komphostoli oNgcwele u-Andrei okokuqala.
URasul Gambatov uvele ngoSepthemba 8, 1923. Imbongi yekusasa yazalwa kwesinye sesifunda sase-Ayov Hongzakh saseDagestan. URasul wabhala amavesi akhe okuqala esemncane lapho eqala ukubona indiza edolobhaneni lakubo. Umfana unciphise imizwa, futhi wanquma ukukhombisa ephepheni.
Uthisha wokuqala uRasul wayenguyise uTagezat Tsadas, owayenguDagestan odumile. Watshela indodana yendaba, izinganekwane, funda izinkondlo zakhe, wakhuthaza ukucabanga kanye nomqondo ophilayo weNdodana. Endlini lapho umndeni wakwaGamzatov uhlala khona, imnyuziyamu ye-hamzat Tsadasa manje isikhona. Ekuhlonipheni kwakhe, lesi sikole sabizwa nangokuthi, lapho amadodana akhe kanye nezinye izingane zomzana khona.
Izinkondlo zokuqala ezanyatheliswa emaphephandabeni endawo, uRasul wasayina igama le-galot tsadasa. Le nsizwa yaqhamuka neyakhe i-pseudonym lapho ngabona ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe uthinta igunya likaYise. Ngakho-ke imbongi yaba nguRasul Gambatov.
Uhlelo lokuqala, olubeka ukwakheka kwe-hamzatov, kwakuyiphephandaba "izintaba zeBolshevik". Ngaleso sikhathi, imbongi esencane yayingumuntu wesikole. Waqhubeka nokubhala nezikhulu, zingumfundi. URasul uthole imfundo yabafundi. Ekuqaleni kwamashumi amane ekhulu leminyaka elidlule, uGamzatov wasebenza njengothisha esikoleni esincane, manje esephethe igama likaYise.
Ngo-1943, iqoqo lokuqala lezinkondlo i-Gamzatov yaphuma. Le ncwadi iqukethe inani elikhulu lendatshana ngengqikithi yezempi lapho uRasul ancoma khona ubuqhawe bamasosha aseSoviet. Ngesikhathi sempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, bobabili abafowethu abadala uGamzatov bafa, lokhu kwasithinta isimo sengqondo sensizwa ezingxabanweni.
Njengoba sesisebenze iminyaka eminingana esikoleni, uRasul waya eMoscow ukufaka isikhungo semibhalo ngo-1945. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakukhona izincwadi ezimbalwa ezishicilelwe esikhwameni somuntu siqu se-gamzatov. E-Institute of Avars eyamukelwe. I-Gamzatov yathola izwe elisha lezinkondlo zaseRussia, elalibonakala ngokuqinile emsebenzini wakhe olandelayo. Ngo-1947, izinkondlo zeGamzatov zanyatheliswa okokuqala ngesiRussia, kwathi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva imbongi iphothule isikhungo semibhalo.
Umsebenzi walo mphakathi weDagestan wesikhathi eside waba yizingcaphuno, kepha uGamzat akakaze abhale ngesiRussia. Izinkondlo nezindaba zakhe zahunyushwa ngababhali abahlukahlukene, imbongi yaphendula kahle kakhulu.
Izinkondlo eziningi ze-gamzatov zazibekwe emculweni. Amaqoqo wengoma asuselwa kwimibhalo yakhe ashicilelwa kaninginingi yinkampani "Melody". Abaqambi abathandwayo babambisana nembongi, kufaka phakathi uRaymond Pauls, uJan Frenkel, uDmitry Kabalevsky, u-Alexander Pakhmutova, uYuri Antonov. Izingoma ngezinkondlo zakhe ezizwakala emlonyeni kaJoseph Kobzon noMuslim Magomayev, uSofia Rotaru no-Anna Herman, uVakhtanga Kikabidze, noMark Bernes.
URasul Gambatov iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 kwaba yinhloko yenhlangano yomlobi yeDagestan. Wayebuye abe yilungu leBhodi Yezindawo eziningana amaphephabhuku athile ezaziwayo zeSoviet. Isikhathi eside uGampatov ahumushela olimini lwendabuko lomsebenzi wePushkin, Nekrasov, Blok, Lermontov, Besenin nezinye ezinye zakudala zaseRussia.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Uthando lokuqala uRasul Gambatov lwaphenduka lubuhlungu. Othandiweyo wakhe wawungumculi, washiya impilo yakhe ekuseni, eshiya ngemuva kwawo imidwebo embalwa nenhliziyo ephukile yembongi. I-Gamzatov enikezelwe kulona wesifazane enkondlweni.
Impilo yomuntu siqu yoMphakathi ayiphelanga. Edolobhaneni lakubo, intombazane yasePatimat yayiphila, ngemuva kwalapho uRasul evame ukunakekela ubuntwana. Lapho umakhelwane esekhulile, uGamzatov wahlatshwa umxhwele ubuhle bakhe. Imbongi yashada nentombazane eyayiyi-Henger kuneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, yahlala nayo yonke impilo yayo. Umlingani washona eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi koMphakathi.
Ngo-1956, laba bobhangqa banendodakazi yogibe, ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu - patimat, kwathi ngo-1965 - ngo-1965 - ndodakazi uSalikhat. Ngawo lowo nyaka, lapho indodakazi encane yavela khona uRasul Gambatovich, washiya umama wakhe. I-Handula Gaidarbecagadzhha ishonile eneminyaka engama-77.
Unkosikazi wembongi wasebenza impilo yakhe yonke ngesazi-mlando se-ART, omunye weminyuziyamu yeDagestan yezobuciko obubukwayo manje igama lakhe. Imbongi inamadodakazi amane. Enye yexhormr rasul gasul gasus Mahachev yaba ngumculi odumile eDagestan.
Ukushona
Ngo-2000, umlingani weRasul Gamzatov washona, ahlala naye ngaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka. Ngemuva kokushona kukankosikazi wakhe, impilo yembongi iye yawohloka kakhulu. URasul Gambatovich wayenesifo sikaParkinson, kepha akazange alahlekelwe yithemba, anethemba lokuthola imiphumela emihle yokwelashwa.
NgoSeptemba 2003, imbongi bekufanele igubhese usuku lwayo lwesishiyagalombili, kodwa yahlehlisela umgubho ngenxa yenhlala-kahle. Ngo-Okthoba wonyaka ofanayo, indoda yangena esibhedlela. Indodakazi yasembongi yamvakashela usuku lokufa futhi ikholelwa ukuthi ubaba wabo wayelindele ukunakekelwa okusheshayo. UPustlist wadlula ngoNovemba 3, 2003.
I-Gamzatov yashiya iTestamente lapho kwakukhona indawo yokuheha abantu baseDagestan. Imbongi yacela ukuba bakwethu bakwazise futhi bathande izwe lakubo. Izinkulungwane zabantu zeza zizokuhlakulela. Isidumbu sakhe sabakwethu sabakwethuli saphathwe emathuneni emahlombe.
I-Gamzatov ibuze ukuthi ingakhombisi amatshe ethuna wempilo nesibongo. "Rasul" yilona kuphela igama acele ukubhala ngesiRussia etsheni lakhe lethuna. Ungcwabe imbongi eMakhachkala, wayenenkani eduze komkakhe.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ngo-1968, uMark Bernes wenza ingoma ethi "Cranes". Umculo okuya kulolu khembi wabhalwa nguJan Frenkel ekuhumusheni isiRussia senkondlo rasul gasul gasul gasul gasul gaszatov.
- Imbongi ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwe- "Cranes" yaphefumulelwa umlando weJapan Sadaka Sasaco. Intombazane yagula i-leukemia ngenxa yemiphumela yokuqhuma kwamabhomu eHiroshima. USadakov wayekholelwa ukuthi uma bekuzokhiqiza ama-cranes amaphepha ayinkulungwane, bekuzokwazi ukwelapha ngokugula kwakhe. Intombazane ayinaso isikhathi sokuqeda umsebenzi futhi yafa. URasul wangena emcabangweni wokwenqatshwa kwazo zonke izimpi kanye nesithombe sikaSadako eJapan wabhala izinkondlo ezaba isisekelo sengoma ethi "Cranes".
- URasul Gambatovich wayenethemba lokuthi umfana uzovela emndenini wakhe. Wahlela ukubiza indodana kaHaji Murat ukuhlonipha iqhawe lenkondlo kaTolstoy noma iShamil. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi yesithathu, abashadikazi bashiya imizamo yokukhiqiza indlalifa. Amadodakazi eGambatova futhi akazange azale amadodana futhi akholelwe ukuthi kunencazelo eyimfihlo kulokhu.
- URasul Gambatovich akazange afihle ubuzwe bakhe. Wayeziqhenya ngokuba ngumdabu we-aul encane eDagestan. Imbongi yayinendlu eMakhachkala nasendlini enkulu eMoscow, kepha imbongi yayingafuni ukuhambisa umndeni enhlokodolobha ye-USSR.
- Indodakazi ephakathi yembongi uPatimat yaqanjwa ngomzala wayo, hhayi umkakhe uRasul. I-Gamzatov's Norder's Life Life, wayeyindodakazi yomfowabo oshonile empini.
- Imbongi yagcwala umuzwa okhazimulayo wokuhlekisa. URasul Gambatovich uyamamatheka cishe kuzo zonke izithombe ezilondoloziwe. Ngokusho kwamadodakazi, amahlaya akhe ayehlala enomusa futhi ehlekisa.
- URasul Gambatovich ukhethwe kaninginingi njengephini loMkhandlu Ophakeme weDagestan Asss, wayebuye abe yiphini nelungu le-presidium ye-USSR yaseSoviet ephakeme.
- Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kokushona kwembongi, abazukulu bakhe bazalwa indodana. Umfana wabiza uRasul. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwakhe, omunye wabangani uGamzatov waba nephupho lembongi lelo seliphilile.
Ukukhumbula
Ngemuva kokushona kukaRasul Gamzatov, amafilimu ngempilo yakhe nomsebenzi wakhe kwaqala ukuvela. Ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, imidwebo emibi emikhulu ekhuluma ngekusasa lembongi. Ngo-2014, ifilimu yobuciko nelombhalo ephathelene noRasul Gambatov, owabizwa ngokuthi "iDagestan yami. Ukuvuma izono ".
Igama lembongi ligqokwa: I-asteroid, i-cargo car emise yomile, indiza yonogada we-tu-154m, umqhudelwano we-futsal, i-gunibskaya hpp, izikole eziyisishiyagalombili kanye nemitapo yolwazi ezimbili.
EDagestan kusukela ngo-1986, ukuhlonipha i-gamzatov, iholide elimhlophe lama-cranes "libanjwa.