I-Biograge
U-Andrei Platenovich Platonov - I-Soviet Propec, imbongi, ophikweni, isazi sokwakheka, i-playwight. Iningi lemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yombhali yanyatheliswa ngemuva kokushona kwakhe.
U-Andrei Platenovich wazalwa ngo-Agasti 1899 eYamsk Sloboda (Voronezh). Umfana kwakuyizibulo emndenini wendawo yokusebenzela. Ubaba wabalobi besikhathi esizayo, i-Platon Firesovich Closen, wayengumshayeli we-locomotive kanye nomakhenikha, wanikeza kabili isihloko seqhawe sezabasebenzi. Umama uMaria Vasilyvyevna Lobikina wayengumlindi wendodakazi. Ngemuva komshado, owesifazane wahlanganyela ekhaya.
Umndeni wezikhumba wawumkhulu. Empilweni yakhe, uMaria Vasilyevna wabeletha izingane eziyishumi nanye. UPlato Firsovich uchithe cishe sonke isikhathi sakhe ezindaweni zokusebenzela. Izingane ezindala ezivela eneminyaka eminyakazazana zasiza ubaba enza imali ukondla umndeni.
Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa, u-Andrei wabhaliswa esikoleni sasePheduli-Parish. Ngo-1909, umfana wangena esikoleni samakilasi amane ekilasini. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-13, umbhali wesikhathi esizayo waqala ukusebenza ngokuqasha. Le nsizwa yazama ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene, kwaze kwaba yishumi nesishiyagalombili, wakwazi ukusebenza emihlanganweni eminingi yaseVorezh.
Ukudala
I-Andrei Clamben yangena esikoleni sezojantshi sesitimela ngo-1918. Ukuqeda ukuqeqeshwa nensizwa kuvimbele impi yombango. Ku-Andrei, sekufikile isikhathi esisha sempilo. Wadlula empini yombango ethekwini lebutho elibomvu. I-Okthoba Revolution yaba umfutho wale nsizwa.
Ekuqaleni kwamashumi amabili, amabanga amabanga aguqukayo ashintsha isibongo futhi aqala ukubambisana nabahleli bomagazini abahlukahlukene namaphephandaba aseVoronezh. Wazame yena njengembongi, osomabhizinisi, umgxeki, umbukeli. Ngo-1921, incwadi yokuqala ka-Andrei Platenova ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukufakwa Kalokhi" kwashicilelwa kusuka kwabezindaba. Izindaba zakhe zesikhathi sangaphambilini zihlukaniswa ubudlova. Ukushintshwa kwethoni emsebenzini wombhali kwenzeka ngo-1921 ngemuva kokuhlangana nonkosikazi wesikhathi esizayo.
Ngonyaka wokuzalwa kwamazibulo akhe uPlatonov wakhipha iqoqo lezinkondlo "ukujula okuluhlaza". Ngo-1926, umlobi waphothula umsebenzi emnyangweni wesandla wencwadi ethi "Epifanic Gateways". Ukuthuthela eMoscow kanye nengxenye ethile yodumo oluphefumulelwe ngumlobi. Ngonyaka olandelayo wawuthela kakhulu uPlatonov. Ukusuka ngaphansi kwempaphe yombhali, le ndaba "yaleso", "idolobha lamamaki", "kanye nezindaba ezithi" Uthisha weSandy "," i-Ilsich Sloboda "," Yamskaya Sloboda "Lit.
Imisebenzi yakhe emikhulu kaPlatonov eyenziwe ekuqaleni kwamashumi amathathu ekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngo-1929, waqeda umsebenzi kwinoveli ethi "Chevengur", kwathi ngo-1930 - ngaphezulu komsindo wezenhlalo "Kotlovan". Ngesikhathi sokuphila kombhali, le misebenzi ayizange ishicilelwe. Ubudlelwano bakhe obunamandla nokubalwa kwabantu kwakukhubazekile kakhulu. Umbhali uwele kaninginingi e-Opal. Indaba "yekusasa", enyatheliswa ngo-1931, yabangela ukunganele okuqinile kukaStalin. Isibalo sezepolitiki safuna ukunciphisa umlobi ithuba elizophrintwa.
Ngo-1934, amandla wamandla abuthaka kancane. UPlatonov wahamba nozakwabo ohambweni lwaseCentral Asia. Ugqozi lweza kumlobi ngemuva kokuvakashela iTurkmenistan, futhi wabhala indaba ethi "Takik" kunokudangalisa igagasi elisha lokungamukeleki nokugxekwa. Lapho uStalin efunda eminye yemisebenzi kaPlatonov, washiya amamaki ngesimo samagama aseSwitzerland abonisa umlobi.
Naphezu kokunganeliseki kweziphathimandla, umlobi wakwazi ukushicilela izindaba zakhe eziningana ngo-1936. Ngemuva kokuqala kwempi yezwe yesibili emsebenzini wakhe, kwavela indawo yezihloko zangaphambili. Kumashumi amahlanu kaPlatonov agxile ekucutshungweni kwemibhalo kwezinganekwane zabantu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Andrei Platonov washada iminyaka engama-22 eneminyaka engama-22. Okhethiweyo wakhe kwakunguMaria Kashintseva. Le ntombazane yayiwuthando lokuqala olubi lomlobi. Eminyakeni engu-6 ngemuva kokuqala kwempilo yomndeni kaPlatonov, le ndaba "Mfundisi Sand", owanikezela umngane womshado. Isimo sasisuselwa emaqinisweni avela e-Biography of Mary Alexandrovna.
Umfazi wesikhathi esizayo somlobi ngo-1921 wasala endaweni yokugwema ubudlelwano noPlatonov. Lokhu "Ukuphunyuka othandweni" futhi wabeka le ndaba ngothisha. UMaria waphila ngamakhilomitha angamashumi ayisithupha ukusuka edolobheni. Umlobi wavakashela omakoti amabili noma kathathu ngenyanga. Ekukhulelwe uMary ekugcineni wanquma umbuzo wobudlelwano bakhe noPlatonic. Umlobi ukuphikelela kwakhe wakhothama emshadweni ngo-1921. Ngo-1922, iNdodana yazalelwa emndenini, umfana waqanjwa nguPlato ukuhlonipha uyise womlobi.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, umzalwane nodadewabo baseProduik babulawa amakhowe othishi. Wathola ufulawa obukhulu ongokomoya, athathe phakathi injabulo yempilo yomshado nosizi lomndeni. Unina womlobi akazange athole ulimi olujwayelekile noMalokazana, u-Andrei Platenovich wayesesimweni esinzima. Akaze akwazi ukubuyisana nabesifazane ababili abaphambili empilweni yakhe.
Ngo-1929, eneminyaka engama-54, unina wePropariic wafa. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa emva kokushona kwakhe, uPlatonov wabhala le ndaba ye- "ndodana yesithathu", enikezelwe kuMaria Vasilyevna.
Impilo yomzukulu yesimo sezulu yaphenduka imfushane futhi ibe nzima. UPlato wayenokuningi ebuntwaneni, akhula ngezinsizwa ezingenangqondo nezingalawulwa. Lapho eneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, waya ejele. Ekuphetheni, uPlato wagula ngesifo sofuba. Le nsizwa yafa isuka enambishelwe iminyaka engamashumi amabili. Ngaphambi nje kokuba afe uPlaton noRerevich waba nguyise.
Impilo yomuntu siqu yombhali yaboniswa emsebenzini kaPlatonov. Amaqhawe akhe ahlupheka kanye naye, amthanda, aqala ukuhlanya afa. UPlatov waba ngumkhulu, kepha ukulahleka kweNdodana kwaphula induku yakhe yangaphakathi.
Ngo-1944, uMaria Alexandrovna uthathe isinqumo sokubeletha kwesibili. Vele indodakazi yomlobi uMasha. UPlatonov ngaleso sikhathi wayesegula nge-charotka. Isithombe seminyaka yokugcina yempilo yombhali sinikeza umbono ocacile wesimo somphefumlo wakhe nomzimba wakhe.
Ukushona
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, u-Andrei Platenovich esigabeni sekaputeni esebenza njengombhali wangaphambili wephephandaba ngokuthi "inkanyezi ebomvu". Umbhali wabamba iqhaza kwizitha, akazange ahlale phansi ngemuva, wayethobekile endlini yesosha. Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, iCachotka Platon isithelelekile empini. Impilo yesosha yasiza umlobi ukuthi aqoqe izinto zezindaba zangaphambili kanye nama-eseyi anyatheliswa kumagazini "i-Red Star".
Ngo-1943, ukuphela kwendodana yomlobi yafa. UPlatov wamnakekela isikhathi eside, kepha le nsizwa ayikwazanga ukululama ngemuva kokuboshwa. Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, umlobi ungenwe yisifo sofuba esivela kwiNdodana.
Ngo-1946, uPlatonov wadideka ngenxa yokugula. Ngawo lowo nyaka, waqeda umsebenzi endabeni yomndeni wakwa-Ivanov, ovele emaphephandabeni abizwa ngokuthi "ukubuya". Igagasi labagxeki laphinde lamboza iPlatonov enekhanda lakhe. Ubesolwa ngokunyundela ekuwineni amaqhawe futhi ucishiwe uphawu.
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo kaPlatonov kwadingeka enze imali etholwayo ukuba ihlanganyele ekusebenzeni okubhaliwe okuwumsebenzi. Umsebenzi womlobi wagxila ekucutshungweni kwezinganekwane zabantu. Intshisekelo yezincwadi zezingane yavela ePallonov ngenxa yendodakazi yakhe encane uMasha. Ngo-1950, umbhali uqedile umsebenzi ezinganekwaneni ezinganekwane "imbali engaziwa" kanye ne- "Magic Ring". Ngokusekelwe kulemisebenzi, ama-Soviet ama-Polmbiers adale amafilimu wokuphindaphindwa ekugcineni kwamashumi ayisikhombisa.
Umlobi ebusika wango-1951 wafa eMoscow waseChakhotka, wamngcwaba emathuneni ase-Armenia. Ngo-1952, indlela yokuphila kayise womlobi yaphela. Unkosikazi kaPlatov washona ngo-1983, wasinda umyeni wakhe iminyaka emithathu. Indodakazi yabo uMaria noRereevna banikela ngokuphila kwakhe emsebenzini ekushicilelweni kwemisebenzi kaYise. Ubuye wadala enye yezinguqulo ze-biography yakhe.
Izincwadi zikaPlatonov zaqala ukushicilelwa ngenkuthalo eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili edlule. Imisebenzi yombhali yabangela igagasi lenzalo esizukulwaneni esisha sabafundi. Ngo-2005, uMaria Andreevna washona wangcwatshwa emathuneni ase-Armenia.
I-Bibliography:
- Ngo-1920 - Indaba "Induna Ka-Epishk"
- Ngo-1921 - Indaba "uMarkun", incwajana ethi "
- 1922 - Incwadi Yezinkondlo "Ukujula Okuhlaza"
- Ngo-1927 - Idolobha Lamagreyithi "," I-Hydroy Man "," Izindaba ze-Ether "
- 1929 - NAG "Chevengur"
- Ngo-1929 - Izindaba Zabahlali "," Makar Personar "
- Ngo-1930 - "Kotlovan", "Sharmanca" (Dlala)
- Ngo-1931 - "I-Chronicle Empofu"
- Ngo-1934 - I-Tale of the "Amangane Odoti", "udaka lwasolwandle" no "Jan", indaba "Takik"
- Ngo-1936 - Izindaba "indodana yesithathu" kanye "nokungafi"
- Ngo-1937 - Izindaba zithi "UMfula i-Pustan", "ezweni elihle nenodlame", "Pro"
- Ngo-1939 - Indaba ka "Motherland of Electricity"
- 1942 - "Abantu abadidiyele ngokomoya" (Ukuqoqwa Kwezindaba)
- 1943 - "Izindaba ezikhuluma ngeNkanyezi" (Ukuqoqwa Kwendaba)
- 1943 - "Izikhali" (Iqoqo Lendaba)
- 1945 - Ukuqoqwa Kwezindaba "Ngasekuqoqweni KwaseSunset", Indaba "Nikita"
- Ngo-1946 - Indaba "Umndeni I-Ivanova" ("Buyisela")
- 1947 - Izincwadi "Facist - Sula Falcon", "Bashkir Folk Tales"
- Ngo-1948 - Piece "umfundi Lycece"
- Ngo-1950 - Tale "Imbali Engaziwa"