I-Biograge
U-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin wazalwa ngoJuni 6, 1799 eMoscow, emndenini wakwaMordior wathatha umhlalaphansi, i-Helity Lvovich Pushkin. Umama kaNadezhda Osipovna wayengumkhulu omkhulu-u-Abraha Hannibal, odumile "uPeter omkhulu". Kwakuvela kuMama kanye nezimpande zalo zase-Afrika bazuza intukuthelo yakhe ukuvutha kwakhe, uthando olungahlukaniswanga lwempilo, futhi ithalente lezinkondlo lamvumela ukuba akhuthazelele imicabango yokukhuthazelela imicabango yemicabango ephepheni nezizukulwane.
Ngaphezu kukaSasha emndenini kwakukhona ezinye izingane ezimbili: ibhubesi ne-olga. Abazali baka-Alexander babefundiswe kakhulu ngisho nangezindinganiso zesikhathi sabo, lapho yonke inhlangano yezwe yayibonakala ngolwazi ngomlando wesiLatin noFrance, umlando wakwamanye amazwe, izincwadi. Indlu yayihlala ibonakala ubuntu bokudala: abaculi, izimbongi zabaculi.
Imfundo yasekhaya ka-Alexander Sergeyevich yayihamba phambili, kepha bekungeke kube nokutadisha nezincwadi zesiFulentshi ukunikela umhlaba waleyo mbongi oyaziyo nothando ngomlando weRussia, izinganekwane, izinganekwane, izinganekwane nakwabantu baseRussia. Ukuze lolu thando lusunduza kubo bonke isiRussia, ukubonga okuhlukile kugogo wakhe, edolobhaneni elalichitha isikhathi esiningi. UMaria Alekseevna uqobo wakhuluma futhi wabhala kuphela ngesiRussia, futhi nguyena owaqasha i-nanny arina ukuyosebenza uRodionovna.
Ngenxa yezinganekwane zeNanine Fairy, izindaba, abahlabeleli bakhe nothando oluqotho, umfana omncane wajwayela umsindo wokukhuluma okuthandwayo, ubuhle bakhe bemvelo kanye nobunzima bemvelo. Kamuva, kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukulinganisa imfundo ye- "French" ejwayelekile nemfundo, eyayinobufakazi kuyo yonke iRussia enhle. Ngisho nenkondlo yakhe yokuqala, i-pushkin encane ibhale ngesiFulentshi.
Kodwa-ke, kwakungewona nje uthando ngolimi lwakwelinye izwe, kodwa futhi nobuzwe obujwayelekile be-Afrika Prapraded. Kwakuyimvelaphi kanye ne-helity ngezindlela eziningi kwathinta ukwakheka komlingiswa oshisayo nokubukeka okukhanyayo kwembongi.
USasha njengengane akazange afunde kuphela ulimi nezinye izinto zababusi baseFrance, futhi walalela izinganekwane zika-Arina Rodionovna. Umfana ufunde okuningi, wenza imfundo. Bekulokhu kulahlwe yi-Litary's Library yalaba amakhono, izincwadi ezivela kumtapo wezincwadi wokubola nomalume weVasily lvovich.
Tsarskoselsky lyceum
Bekukhona enkampanini eqale i-pushkin eneminyaka eyishumi nambili e-metropolitan petersburg, ukuze ibhalise ku-tsarskoselskkyy lyceum kuphela. I-Lyceum yayingaphansi komndeni wombuso futhi yayise-Flengu, eduze kwe-Ekaterini Palace. U-Alexander wangenela abafundi bokuqala abangamashumi amathathu ababefunda ezindongeni zakhe ekuhlakanipheni okuhlukahlukene.
Uhlelo lokufunda olusetshenziswe eLyceum lwaluguqulwa ngokweqiniso. Abafana - izicukuthwane ezivela emindenini engcono kakhulu baqeqeshelwa yizinhlaka zosizo abasebasha, othisha abanomdlandla, futhi eLyceum uqobo lwazibuse umkhathi onobungane futhi okhululiwe. Imfundiso yaqhubeka ngaphandle kokujeziswa komzimba, okwakusekuvele kusungulwa.
ILyceum kaPushkin yaqala ngokushesha abangane bayo nabanye abafundi. Ofunda nabo kwakunguDelvig, uKühelecker, i-pushchin, no-Alexander Sergeevid bakwazile ukugcina futhi baphathe lobu bungani obumsulwa, obuzuzayo kulo lonke impilo, begcina izinkumbulo ezimnandi kakhulu zeLyceum.
AmaLyceumists okukhishwa okuqala, okwakungemva kwalokho owawuphumelela kakhulu, ulalele izinkulumo zabaprofesa abadumile, futhi izivivinyo zawo zamukela njalo amalungu e-Academy of Sciences of Sciences of Science.
Abafundi ngokwabo bakhokha isikhathi esiningi be-Creative, bebhala omagazini ababhalwe ngesandla. Lezi zinsizwa zahlelela umbuthano wezimbongi kanye nodokotela wakhe, amalungu akhe aqoqwa kusihlwa futhi aqambe amavesi anenkulumo. Kamuva, abathathu babangani kanye nenye yabaphathi be-pushkin baba ngabadumisi, ababili babo batholwa benecala (i-pushkin noKühelecker). U-Alexander Sergeevich ngokwakhe wakwazi ukuphatha ngokuyisimangaliso ukugwema ukubamba iqhaza ekuvukeleni (ikakhulukazi ngemizamo yabangane bakhe).
Kakade-ke ithalente lezinkondlo le-pushkin elincane lalwaziswa kakhulu ngabangane, futhi ngokushesha waqashelwa yi-cornea enjengeBatyushkov, Zhukovsky, Derzhavin naseKaramzin. Ngo-1815, u-Alexander, edlula esivivinyweni, funda izinkumbulo "izinkumbulo ku-Tsarskoye Selo" phambi kweDerzhavin. Imbongi esekhulile yajabula.
Insiza kanye nomsebenzi
Ngo-1817, u-Alexander pushkin wangena ezindabeni zakwamanye amazwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, umndeni wangempela wawuthuthele enhlokodolobha. UPushkina wayehlala eKolomna, emthonjeni, ehlala efulethini emakamelweni ayisikhombisa esitezi sesithathu. Lapha uPushkin wayehlala kusukela ngo-1817 kuya ku-1820. Kukholakala ukuthi kuleli femfulelo imbongi ayibhalela yona udumo lomsebenzi: Omu "velost" kanye nenkondlo "ruslan noLyudmila".
IKholeji Yezinto Zakwamanye Akwezangaphandle yayisekwe esimweni esiNgisini, ekwakhiweni kwenkonzo yamanye amazwe. Ozakwethu abasezingeni eliphansi kwakukhona abafunda nabo - ama-Lühemists Kühelecker, Korsakov naseGorchakov. Umsebenzi wezombusazwe wawungathathwa kancane yimbongi, kodwa wayevame ukuvakashela lesi siteshi senkonzo kusukela ngo-1817 kuya ku-1824. Ulwazi lwathola u-Alexander Sergeevich wabe esesebenzisa "amanothi emlandweni waseRussia wekhulu le-XIII elibhalwe ngo-1822.
I-Pushkin idonsele impilo yedolobha elikhulu, okwakubonakala kunembongi ekhangayo futhi ethokozisayo yenkululeko yokuboshwa ngemuva kokuzithandela ezindongeni ze-Lyceum. Shono lesi sikhungo semfundo, iziqu zakhe ngamahlaya abizwa ngokuthi isidumbu - kwakuyimithetho yakhe, abafundi bakhe abahlukanisiwe emhlabeni wonke.
Umbuthano wokuxhumana kwembongi ubuye wahlukahluka: wayengabangani namaHussars nezimbongi, nabaculi, balwa nezindawo zemidlalo, ama-trendy, ama-salon, imibuthano ebhaliwe. Abesifazane bebelokhu behlala esinye sezindawo eziphambili empilweni yakhe nasemsebenzini, nangesikhathi sobusha ikakhulukazi. UPushkin wancoma izicubu zakhe, azinikele izinkondlo kubo, edumisa ikhwalithi yazo yengqondo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwenhliziyo kwe-Alexander Sergeevich yoMncane engxenyeni egqoke kakhulu egqokile, i-Platonic.
Ngalesi sikhathi, isiphakamiso sezandla nezinhliziyo zendodakazi encane yothando, u-Ana. IPushkin yayivame ukuvakashela umsolwa we-deer emthonjeni, lapho konke ukukhanya okubhaliwe kweSt. Petersburg yahlangana. Lapho esethole ukwenqatshwa kuka-Ana Olenisina, imbongi yasheshe yahlangana nomnyuziyamu omusha, umshana wehotoni ekhaya, u-Anna Kern. Kamuva wanikela ngenkondlo "Ngikhumbula umzuzu omuhle."
Isixhumanisi sokuqala seNingizimu
Emphakathini walesosikhathi, kwaqanjwa ukuvela kwengqondo kwengqondo, kubangelwa ukuqhosha ngabantu bakhe egangeni lokunqoba phezu kweNapoleon. Ngasikhathi sinye ezingqondweni zabantu abavelele bahamba imibono yamahhala futhi eyingozi, hhayi nje kuthuthukile, kepha kunguquko. Lo moya onothando onothando wamunca i-pushkin, eyayiqukethe enye yemibuthano ebhaliwe egqamile "isibani esiluhlaza". Umphumela wawungadingekile, kepha udume kakhulu kwizinkondlo zomphakathi ze-Wide St Petersburg "Velia", "Village", "e-Arakcheev".
Imiphumela ayizange yehlise ijubane ukuthinta. Imbongi encane yawandla lombusi, wasongela isixhumanisi eSiberia. Ukunakekela nokukhathaza kwabangane bereferensi yakwaSiberia bakwazile ukubuyisela indawo eseningizimu, kwathi ngoMeyi 6, 1820, imbongi ishiyele insizakalo entsha ngaphansi kweposi likaLieutenant General I.N. Inzas.
Esikhathini 'sokuzulazula' kusukela ngo-1820 kuya ku-1824, uPushkin waba nethuba lokuhambela amadolobha ahlukahlukene noMbuso WaseRussia:
- I-Ekaterinoslav;
- UTaman;
- UKerch;
- Feodosia;
- I-Gurzuf;
- Bakhchararai;
- Simferopol;
- Kishev;
- I-Kamenka;
- Akkerman;
- Bonder;
- U-Ishmael;
- Kiev;
- Odessa.
Umphumela walezi zindondo ezisemthethweni waba umxhwele nemizwelo ecebile, ephefumulele imbongi ngenkondlo yemisebenzi ethile yezinkondlo nezobuhlekisi. Esikhathini sesixhumanisi esiseningizimu, i-pushkin ibhala izinkondlo "abathunjiwe baseCaucasian", "uBakhcharaisaai", "Gypsy", "Gavrilliada". ECrimea, u-Alexander Sergeyevich waqala waqhamuka umbono we-EvGeatia Enye, umsebenzi aqala kuwo eChisinau.
EKamenka, imbongi ibikwazile ukuvala namalungu omphakathi wemfihlo, naseChisinau yaze yamukelwa empilweni ye-Masonic.
E-Odessa, nge-opera yakhe, izindawo zokudlela kanye nezinkundla zemidlalo yeshashalazi, i-pushkin yafika isivele iyimbongi edumile yothando, eyabizelwa umculi weCaucasus. Kodwa-ke, e-Odessa, u-Alexander Sergeevich ngokushesha akazange abe nobudlelwano nomqashi - igrafu M.S. Vorontsov.
Amahemuhemu ngenoveli embongi nomfazi wegrafu, owathola indlela yokuqeda okungaphansi okuncishwe amathuba. Amaphoyisa aseMoscow avule incwadi ye-pushkin, lapho avuma khona ngentshiseko yokungakholelwa ebukhoneni, okwabikwa ngokushesha ngesimo sombusi. Ngo-1824, u-Alexander Sergeyevich wasuswa enkonzweni, futhi wasuka waya efeni likamama, idolobhana laseMikhailovskoye.
Mikhailovskoye
Buyela endlini kababa ukuze imbongi yaphenduka enye ireferensi. Uyihlo waqondisa indodana yakhe yendabuko, futhi impilo enjalo yenkululeko-alexander sergeevich yayingabekezeleleki. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana okungathi sína noyise, wonke umndeni, kuhlanganise noMama, umfowabo nodadewethu, washiya uMikhailovskoye futhi wathuthela enhlokodolobha. I-Pushkin yahlala yedwa enkampanini arina rodionovna.
Naphezu kwesimo esicindezelekile nokudangala, kwaphela iminyaka emibili eMikhailovsky, imbongi inokuningi futhi yasebenza ngokugcwele. I-Pushkin yayingabafokazi ku "abanini bomhlaba" abajwayelekile. Wafunda okuningi, wazwa izikhala ekhaya naseLyceum Ezemfundo. Imbongi ihlala ibhala phansi izincwadi ezivela enhlokodolobha, eyayihlolwe amaphoyisa, izincwadi zakhe zavezwa zaze zambulwa.
Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, isiboshwa saseCaucasian, iBoris Godenov, "Bala uNulin", izinkondlo eziningi (kufaka phakathi "ubusika be-Oleg"), "Izingoma eziningi, izahluko eziningana" eugene "eyodwa."
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngesikhathi senkomba eMikhailovsky kuya ePushkin, isikhathi sakhe eside nomngani omuhle kakhulu we-lyceum - i-pushchin yeza. Futhi, imbongi yadluliselwa nomndeni ka-Osipovoy - abanikazi bomhlaba, ababengelosedolobhana elingumakhelwane laseTrigorskoe.
Izindaba zokuvukela ngoDisemba 14, 1825, ezinhlanganweni zawo, abangane abaningi nabantu abajwayelene nabo babamba iqhaza, babanjwa u-Alexander Sergeevich ukumangala. Amathuba okuthi u-optial pushkin uzobamba iqhaza ekuvukeleni, wawumkhulu kangangokuba abangane bamkhohlise, babiza usuku olungalungile lokupholisa ukupheka kanye nokugcina imbongi enkulu yendawo yokuzalelwa kuyo. Abahlanganyeli bamamitha amaningi badingiselwa eSiberia, futhi abasebenza kakhulu balengiswa.
Iminyaka Evuthiwe
Umbusi uNicrolas ngikhuphukele esihlalweni sobukhosi axolelwe imbongi yokukhetha, embuyisa esixhumanisi, futhi wavuma ukuhlala lapho angajabula khona. UNikolai wanquma "ukumthethelela" uPushkin, wethemba ukuthi anyathelise lona anganele emphakathini obangelwa ukuboshwa kanye nokusebenza kwengxenye ethuthuka kakhulu yentsha enhle ngemuva kwezehlakalo zikaDisemba 14. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, inkosi uqobo ngokwakhe yacwaninga okusemthethweni kwayo yonke imibhalo yesandla ka-Alexander Sergeyevich, futhi yalawula le nqubo yenhloko ye-III yeHhovisi leHhovisi le-Office Benkendorf.
Kusukela ngo-1826 kuya ku-1828, uPushkin wacela ukuphindaphindwa ngokuphindwaphindwayo kusuka kuMbusi wokuya kwelinye izwe noma eCaucasus, kodwa izicelo zakhe zahlala zingaphendulwanga. Ngenxa yalokho, imbongi yaqhubeka nohambo, lapho athola khona ukuphindisela okuqinile lapho ebuya. Umphumela wohambo kwakuyizinkondlo "Dlala", "Caucasus", "emagqumeni aseGeorgia ..." kanye ne-Essay "Jikelele eya e-Arzrum".
Ngasikhathi sinye, u-Alexander Sergeevich wahlangana noNatalia Goncharova futhi wathandana naye uxolo. Bonke abesifazane bakhe, uthando namanoveli baqhathaniswa nobuhle obusha, okwaba iphupho elithanda kakhulu futhi elifisa kakhulu lembongi. Kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, isivunguvungu sake saba nobuntu be-pushkin bagxile kulelo ntokazi yenhliziyo - uNatalie, njengoba abiza uMlobokazi ngobumnene.
Umshado nomndeni
Isimo esinesiphakamiso sesandla futhi inhliziyo yaqina ngamaqiniso amaningi. Abazali bakaPushkin nabazali benkosikazi yakhe yangesikhathi esizayo babesezimweni ezicindezelayo kakhulu, uma kungenjalo ocijile. UGoncharov akakwazanga ukunika amandla endodakazi yawo enhle, futhi lokhu kwabhekwa njenge-movien ekukhanyeni okuphezulu. Ubaba wembongi enobunzima wakwazi ukwaba indodana eyodwa yendodana yakhe eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili nemiphefumulo yabalimi, eyayiseduze nefa lakhe elijwayelekile eBoldino.
IPushkin kwadingeka ukuthi aye eBoldino ukujoyina amalungelo okupenda. Imbongi ihlelile ngemuva kwalokho yabeka ukuyolanda i-Dowry ngomakoti wakhe. NgoSepthemba 3, 1830, u-Alexander Sergeevich wafika eBoldino (ngaphambi kokuthi ahlale eSt. Petersburg, ke eMoscow). I-pushkin ihlose ukunikela ngokushesha ngezindaba, ibuyela eMoscow kuNatalie futhi idlale umshado, lapho isibusiso soMbusi esivele samukelwa.
Kodwa-ke, amapulani omkhwenyana abhubhisa ubhubhane lwekholera. Ngenxa yalesi sifo esibi somgwaqo kusuka ngesibindi e-bildin eMoscow, njengakwezinye izindawo eRussia, zavinjwa. Leli sango elingalona elingalona lingayethuli umhlaba inqwaba yezinkondlo ezinhle kakhulu, ubudala nezinkondlo, abampofu "badubule", "Mising Knight", "Phila ngesikhathi sesifo", "umlando edolobhaneni laseGulihin "kanye nabanye obungcweti.
IPushkin ivumile ukuthi wayehlala ethanda ekwindla nasebusika, ngesikhathi sokubanda wahlala wabona amandla angaphezu kwamandla nesifiso sokubhala. Isikhathi kusuka ngoSepthemba kuya ku-December 1830 iPushkinKinovyov ebizwa ngeBoldnsky ekwindla. Waba yigolide ngesinye isikhathi ukuthi u-Alexander Sergeyevich, owakhuthala wasebenza kude nokuphithizela kwezihloko nezinkinga zansuku zonke.
EMoscow, uPushkin wakwazi ukubuyela kuphela ngoDisemba 5, kwathi ngoFebhuwari 18, 1831, ekugcineni washada noNatalia Goncharova. Ngesikhathi sokushintshana kwezindandatho, indandatho, eyayiphethe imbongi, yaphuma ezandleni zakhe, kwaphuma ikhandlela. I-Pushkin yakuthola kungumbono omubi, kepha kwakusajabule kakhulu.
Ekuqaleni, abasanda kushada bahlala eMoscow, endlini e-Arbat, kepha oshade naye osanda kwenziwa waphuthuma emkhwezala, wasuka ePhetkina. Ngesikhathi esithile badubula indlu yokhuni esigodini sasebukhosini, emnandi kakhulu enhliziyweni yembongi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNicholas ngizwakalise isifiso sokuthi unkosikazi kaSushkin uhlobisa amabhola enkantolo, umbusi anikeze i-Ekaterini Palace.
UNatalia Nikolaevna othandweni olushisayo walowo oshade naye waphendula uthando oluzolile futhi oluthulile, wayenobuhlakani, enobuntu, obuhle, egcinwe ngokuphelele emphakathini, wasuka futhi wasukuma ezinganeni. Kusukela ngo-1832 kuya ku-1836, uPushkin wayenamadodakazi amabili namadodana amabili: uMaria, u-Alexander, uGrigory noNatalia.
Ubaba womndeni omkhulu kangaka kwadingeka abhubhise izingxenye zokondla umkakhe, izingane, odadewabo ababili bakankosikazi wakhe, ukuhlela izivakashi kusihlwa bahambe bavakashela ama-salon namabhola. Ngemuva kokuthuthela eSt. Petersburg, ehlobo lika-1831, u-Alexander Sergeevich waphinda wangena enkonzweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, waqhubeka esebenza kanzima, ngoba uhlelo lwezinkondlo namanoveli nalo lwaletha imali encane. Kule nkathi, inkondlo "Yevgety Endogin" yabhalwa ngokuthi "BOris GodInov", "Dubrovsky" kanye "nomlando wePugacheva" wenziwe.
Duel nokufa
Ngo-1833, uMbusi wakhala nge-Alexander Pushkin Camera-Junker isihloko. Imbongi yacasulwa kakhulu, ngoba lesi sihloko sanikezwa yiYunkum kuphela, futhi wayesevele engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu. Ngasikhathi sinye, isihloko seChamber-Junker sathola ukufinyelela enkantolo, futhi uNikolay wafisa uNatalia Pushkin, ukuya e-Imperial Bala. Ngokuqondene neNatalie uqobo, eyayineminyaka engamashumi amabili nambili kuphela ubudala, yafuna ukudansa, ikhanya futhi ibambe amakhanda.
Ngenkathi uMbusi ulunguze uNatalia Nikolaevna, u-Alexander Sergeevich wazama ngeze ukulungisa izindaba zezezimali. Wathatha imali mboleko evela eMbusisweni wemalimboleko, washicilela umlando wePugacheva ", wabe eseqala ukushicilelwa komagazini wanamanje, lapho imisebenzi kaGogol, lapho i-Turgennev, zhukovsky ne-purcin ngokwakhe banyatheliswa. Kodwa-ke, wonke amaphrojekthi akhe ayengaphezu kwenzuzo, futhi isikweletu ngaphambi kokuba uMgcinimafa wanda.
Ngo-1836 wayengajabule ngo-Alexander Sergeevich. Usebenze kakhulu, uzama ukubhekana nezikweletu. Entwasahlobo, umama wakhe washona, imbongi yashiswa kakhulu. Ngokulandelayo kulandelwa inhlebo ehambisana negama likaNatalia Nikolaevna kanye ne-Guardian-French Baron Dantes, eyanakekela umkakhe i-pushkin ngaphandle kwenqwaba.
I-duel yokuqala yemizamo yabangane bembongi namanje, yize u-Alexander Sergeevich ayemi ngomumo ukuvikela udumo lwakhe ngesikhali ezandleni zakhe, ngokuthembeka kwawo okwakukhona ngokuphelele.
Ngokushesha amahemuhemu abuye avuse futhi enhlokodolobha, futhi uHeckerr uqobo wahlaba umxhwele ngePushkin nomkayo, bezama ukungcolisa bobabili. Imbongi yokuvuka ithumele incwadi ekhubekisayo. UHeckern wayengenalo ithuba lokulwa nomuntu, njengoba lokhu kusho ukuwa komsebenzi wakhe wezombusazwe, kanye nodade, bekhuluma ngokuvikela ubaba wakhe wokutholwa, obizwa ngokuthi u-Alexander Sergeevich eDuel.
Ukudla kwamatshe kwabaphikisi kwenzeka ngoJanuwari 27, 1837 emfuleni omnyama. Inhlamvu, ekhishwe ngamaFulentshi, yashaya intamo ye-hip yawela esiswini se-pushkin. Lokhu kwakuyimbangela yokufa kwembongi, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ukulimala kwalo kwakungaphuluki. U-Alexander Sergeevich waphila izinsuku ezimbili ekuhlushweni okubi kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isibindi nokuba khona komoya, i-pushkin ehambelana nombusi, owathembisa ukunakekela umndeni wakhe, wavuma ukunakekela umfungo, wavuma okuhle kubathandekayo bakhe futhi washona ngoJanuwari 29 (february 10 - ngesitayela esisha ) ka-1837.
Ilanga lezinkondlo zaseRussia esontweni loMsindisi WoMsindisi WoMsindisi, futhi umngcwabo wenzeka ngoFebhuwari 6 esigodini saseSvyatogorsk. Ithuna lembongi, ngokwesifiso sakhe, liseduze kwe-grate kamama.
Ngemuva kokushona kwe-pushkin, inzalo ebiyekile isungule izikhumbuzo eziningi kudumo lwayo. KuseSt. Petersburg naseMoscow kukhona amashumi amane.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Kakade ngemuva kokushona kwembongi kwakukhona izinganekwane eziningi ezihlobene nokuphila kwakhe, ubuhlakani ngisho nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke, omunye wakubo besikhathi esiphila eCanada babeka phambili inguqulo ePushkin no-Alexander Duma bangumuntu ofanayo. Kodwa-ke, akunandaba ukuthi kungakanani ukunweba impilo ka-Alexander Sergeevich, le ndaba ayimisi noma yikuphi ukugxekwa.
Imininingwane i-pushkin nebhubesi uTolstoy - izihlobo ezinde ezibanzi, iqiniso impela. Ugogo ka-Alexander Sergeevich kanye noMkhulu kaMkhokho Bomkhulu uNikolayevich wayengodadewethu.
I-Alexandra Sergeevich inezinkondlo ezinophawu kanye nesilulumagama esingejwayelekile (imvamisa la magama abashicileli abeka izikhala namachashazi), kanye nezikhombi zezinkondlo ezihlazokazi.
I-Bibliography
Izinkondlo:
- "URuslan noLudmila";
- "Isiboshwa saseCaucasus";
- "Gabrialima";
- "Vadim";
- "Abafowethu abaphangi";
- "Umthombo weBakhcharaai";
- "Gypsies";
- "Bala uNulin";
- "Poltava";
- "Tazit";
- "Indlu eKolomna";
- "Ezersky";
- "Angelo";
- "Bronze Galgneman.
Roman evesini
- "I-Eugene One Gin"
Imisebenzi Emibi
- "Boris GodInov"
Izinhlekelele ezincane:
- "I-Around knight";
- "UMozart noSalieri";
- "Isimenywa Stock";
- 'Idili ngesikhathi sesifo';
- "Mermaid".
Prose:
- "U-Arap Petru omkhulu";
- "Shot";
- "Blizzard";
- "Undenzisi";
- "Stampande";
- "Owesifazane weBarryshnya-Peader;
- "Umlando wedolobhana laseGulihin";
- "Roslavlev";
- Dubrovsky;
- "Peak Lady";
- "Umlando Pugacheva";
- "Ubusuku baseGibhithe";
- "Uhambo oluya e-Arzrum ngesikhathi somkhankaso we-1829";
- "Indodakazi kaCaptain".
Inganekwane:
- "Umkhwenyana";
- "Inganekwane ye-pop kanye nomsebenzi wekhafa lakhe";
- "Inganekwane yeMedvedikha";
- "I-Tale of Tsar Saltan, ngeNdodana yakhe enhle futhi enamandla ye-Bogatyth Prince Gwidon Salsanovic nangama-Princess Spuns amahle";
- "I-Tale of the Fisherman nenhlanzi";
- "Inganekwane yenkosazana efile namaqhawe ayisikhombisa";
- "Inganekwane ye-cockerel yegolide."
783 izinkondlo