Hippocrates - Biography, isithombe, impilo yomuntu siqu, umsebenzi nesifungo

I-Biograge

Igama lama-hippocrates aqhakazile ahlala e-V Century BC (460-377 BC), idume ngabantu besikhathi esifungweni, obani abanikela ngayo namhlanje ekungeniseni inkonzo enhle yokutakula abantu. Isazi sefilosofi sasendulo samaGrikhi, udokotela onethalente, usosayensi wemvelo, futhi ushintsho lwesayensi yezokwelapha lungabizwa ngokuthi "Ubaba Wezokwelapha", ngoba ngenxa yemisebenzi yamakhulu emihlanu edlule, izimiso zokuziphatha zezokwelapha zibekwe emuva, izimiso zokuziphatha ze- ezokwelapha.

Izazi-mlando ezinde zazama ukuqoqa imininingwane ngempilo yobuntu. Eminye imininingwane ngefilosofi iyaphikisana nathi ikuphikisana ngandlela thile kusuka ku-biography ye-Hippocratic ayilungile, futhi ngisho nokuqanjiwe.

Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zizamile ukusonga isithombe sangempela sendlela yokuphila kadokotela, indaba yakhe. Umsebenzi we-ceran efesse (isazi-mlando esingumRoma) uthathwe njengesisekelo, okwakungokokuqala ukuchaza i-biography yoshintsho lwasendulo lwesiGrikhi, izinkumbulo zikaPlato (umfundi weSocrates, nezefilosofi), kanye nokukhulunywa ngu Izidumbu ezibanzi zombhali.

Imvelo yazalwa ngayo. Kos (ogwini lwaseTurkey namuhla). Uyise kaHippocraly wahlanganyela ekuphulukisweni kwakhe, igama lakhe kwakunguGeraklid, umama - fenaxtert (Praxiti (Praxiti (Praxitia ngokweminye imithombo).

Umuthi wehhashi "(hippocrates per. Kusukela ngolimi lwesiGreek) waqala ukutadisha ethempelini owakhelwe ukuhlonipha uNkulunkulu wezokwelapha asclepia, kodwa izimbongolo zesayensi athola kuYise ngethalente emkhakheni wezokwelapha.

Eminyakeni yobusha, i-hippoctat yaba ngumfundi wezazi zefilosofi zalesosikhathi - uGorgiya, oyiDemoritus, owamsiza ukuba athuthukise imithwalo ekhona yolwazi. Ukuba nomlingiswa onelukuluku, udokotela wesikhathi esizayo wanquma ukuqhubeka nentuthuko futhi aqhubeke nohambo emhlabeni wonke ukuze aqonde okungaziwa.

IGrisi iveze odokotela abaningi, futhi isiphetho sabavumela ukuba bahlangane nabaHippocrates. I-oxpassed yolwazi lomile lwensizwa yamunca wonke amagama ngesayensi, yafunda ngokucophelela amatafula adonswa ezindongeni zamathempeli ahlukahlukene ase-AsclePhia.

Umuthi

Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwabaHippocratic, abantu abangafundile bangcwele babekholelwa ukuthi kuvela izifo ngenxa ye-archcraft char, kanye nezifo zathunyelwa yimimoya emibi yelinye izwe. Ifilosofi yodokotela wasendulo kwavela ukuthi ihlukile, entsha, ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi konke kwakungokwemvelo, ngokwemvelo. I-Hippocrat isungule indlela yesayensi ezinkolelweni zezokwelapha, yafakazela ukuthi amanga wezemibono asungulwe. Waphatha abantu emadolobheni nasemazweni.

Udokotela Omkhulu futhi Umtholo wabhala imisebenzi, imibhalo lapho kunengqondo khona iziphetho zakhe zivaliwe. Ukutholwa kwefilosofi esekelwa yimibono kanye namaqiniso okuvela empilweni, kanye nokubikezela kanye nenkambo yezifo kususelwa ezibonelweni eziphilayo namacala.

Kamuva, amapayipi e-Hippocrates asungula isikole saseKosko, esathola udumo nokuchuma, ukuba yinzalo nesiqondiso esifanele ekuthuthukiseni umuthi.

Phakathi kokutholwa kwesayensi okumangazayo 'kukababa wezokwelapha' kungabiwa:

1. Ukuvulwa komoya womuntu. UHippocrates utshelwe ngokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zemvelo ezaziwa namuhla, uchaze ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa, okulungele uhlobo ngalunye ngokuhlukile, kunikezwe ukuthambekela kwalo kubalingani abathile.
2. Umbono wezigaba zezifo. Ngokombono we-Hippocralt, wabeka isigaba esiyingozi salesi sifo - "Usizi", futhi futhi wakhuluma ngezici "zezinsuku ezibucayi".
3. Izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zocwaningo lweziguli (auscultation, i-percussion, i-palpation). Udokotela wafunda ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe, wayethola isampula lokuqala, kodwa kwaba umnikelo wesayensi.
4. Izici zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yolwazi kanye nezinto ezintsha zefilosofi yasendulo, odokotela abalandelayo baqala ukusebenzisa ukuhlinzwa kwamabhandeshi, imaski, izigqoko. IHippocrat ibuye yethule imithetho yokwenza imisebenzi (ukukhanyisa okufanele, indawo yamadivayisi).
5. Ukwethulwa kwemigomo yokudla kwe-diatology. Ngokombono kadokotela, abalandeli bakhe babeqonda ukuthi iziguli zidinga ukudla okukhethekile (zokudla). Isibonelo, ngomkhuhlane - i-parley porlidge ngoju, i-tmin kanye nempepho, kanye nama-rheumatics - izinhlanzi ezibilisiwe kanye nesithombo sebhitrudi.

Ngaphezu kwalabo ababhalwe ngenhla, i-hippocrat idume ngemiqondo yezimilo, ukunakekelwa ekwelashweni. I-Great Medic yeluleke ukungasebenzisi izidakamizwa, yethemba imvelo eyengeziwe, kepha empilweni yavula izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kuka-300. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwenziwa manje (uju, i-poppy decoction, ujusi wobisi, njll.).

UHippocrates wayazi ukuthi angasindiswa kanjani amazinyo akhe (amacala angazange agcinwe), ukungena), ukungenela ukwakhelwa, ukuqhekeka ku-bam ekhethekile yokuthuthuka kwabo (isithombe esifana netafula lamathambo). Ekwelashweni kweHippocrates, kufanele kunakekelwe umphefumulo wesiguli, isifiso sakhe sokuphila futhi akazange athi imiphumela emihle yokululama komzimba kuphela ngokufaneleka kodokotela abakhona.

Oth hippocrata

Umbhalo wesifungo se-hippocracy eminyakeni edlule ushintshele ehhovisi lokuhlela lapho lihunyushwa, kepha izimiso eziyisisekelo zahlala zingashintshiwe, kanye nezingcaphuno ezibekwe endalweni yalo. Ziqukethe ubuntu obukhethekile, isihe, ubuntu kumuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Izibopho kwabanye (usizo olungenandaba nelinye).
• Umgomo 'awunangozi.'
• Iziphakamiso zodokotela ukuthi baphike abesifazane lapho kukhishwa kwabesifazane lapho kukhishwa kwabesifazane khona, iziguli - e-euthanasia, azingeni ngokuqondile ezigulini ebudlelwaneni bothando.
• Umgomo wokuthula, ubumfihlo, amasakramente enkinga yesiguli.

Emazweni amaningi omhlaba, kwethulwa isiko - ukubiza isifuba sefilosofi sasendulo samaGrikhi lapho sithola idiploma ekhethekile yezokwelapha emanyuvesi. Umbhalo wayo uhunyushe kaninginingi ezilimini ezahlukene, kwesinye isikhathi ulahlekelwa yincazelo yokuqala. E-Russia, isifungo safundwa ngesiRussia kusukela ngo-1971 ngokuthi "isifungo sodokotela we-USSR", kusukela ngo-1990 - 'njengesifungo sikadokotela waseRussia', futhi kusukela ngo-1999 kuthiwa "kusukela ngo-1999 kuthiwa" kusukela ngodokotela waseRussia "(Umbhalo omusha, ofakwe yi-Article 71).

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ubuhlakani besayensi yezokwelapha babeshade nentombazane emndenini ophawulekayo abahlala ezweni lakubo. Umshado wabo wenzeka ngemuva kokufunda ekhaya i-hippocrat. Emshadweni, abashadikazi bazalelwa ezinganeni ezintathu (abafana, udrako nentombazane).

Amadodana efilosofi ngokwesiko lomndeni athumela esifundeni sokuphulukisa, futhi izinganekwane nezindaba zasungulwa ngentombazane. Indodakazi yokwelapha omkhulu yayihlala e-Astipalee (isiqhingi eLwandle i-Aegean). Lapha washada nomuntu nguPolybius. Wayengumfundi nomlandeli we-hippocraly.

I-antiquity yefilosofi yalinamagunya abucayi ezinganeni. Ngokuqondene noYise wamadodanakhe, bakhetha namagama ukuhlonipha umkhulu wawo omkhulu.

Ukushona

AmaHippocrates ashiye kulomhlaba asevele esekhulile (ngo-83-104), ashiye inzalo ecebe amagugu acebile emkhakheni wezokwelapha nefilosofi. Wafa edolobheni laseLarissa (i-Fesel Valley eGreece), futhi ithuna lakhe lisendaweni yaseHirton. Eminyakeni yobusuku besimanje, isikhumbuzo esiya eHippocrat sakhiwa eLarissa - indawo yohambo oludumile edolobheni.

Kweminye imithombo kubhalwe ukuthi inyosi yasungulwa ethuneni likadokotela. Ama-feeders abesifazane avame ukuza lapha ukuzothatha uju lwe-Healung ukwelapha izilonda ezinganeni ngokuhlikihla.

Ngemuva kokushona kukaHippocrates wathola "isihloko" se-demigod. Izakhamizi zesiqhingi somdabu sikaDokotela minyaka yonke lapho zinikelwa phansi udumo lakhe ngokomqondo wehlelo laphezulu. Kukhona nombono wokuthi esikhathini esidlule, isazi sefilosofi saba umphilisi wemiphefumulo.

Imisebenzi 'kababa wezokwelapha' phakathi neqhawe, imililo kanye nokubhujiswa kweGrisi kwakusemtapweni wezincwadi wase-Alexandria, ngemuva kwazo kuthathwe eConstantinople, ngakho-ke umsebenzi wodokotela wakwazi ukusindisa nokusindisa.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Akuqinisekiswa izazi-mlando zenganekwane kadokotela ohlakaniphe kakhulu wasendulo, kepha ubukhona bawo ngeke bakhanselwe. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ngesinye isikhathi, i-hippocrat yafika e-Athene, lapho kwathinteka khona inhlupho embi. Wenza imicimbi yezokwelapha futhi wasindisa idolobha ekufeni kwabantu.
• Lapho isazi sefilosofi ebenza ucwaningo lwezokwelapha nokwelashwa eMakedoniya, kwadingeka aphathe inkosi. UHippocrates wembula ukugula okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhulisa okuvela kumbusi, okusho ukuthi kwendango okungahleliwe kokukhubazeka kwakhe.
• Ukusuka ezinkumbulweni ze-satellite okungahleliwe ze-hippocrata, kulandisa ukuthi ndawonye bahlangana nentombazane efanayo kabili ngesikhawu esincane. Udokotela wakwazi ukubona ukulahleka kobumsulwa komalusi ngemuva komhlangano wesibili. Ukwenzile nge-gait.

Quotes Hippocrata

• "Uma iphupho lisiza ukuhlupheka, lesi sifo asibulawa"
• "Lesi sifo sihlala sivela kokubi ngokweqile, noma kusuka ekusweleni, okungukuthi, kusuka ekuphulweni kokulingana"
• "Ingxenye yalesi sifo ivela kuphela endleleni yokuphila"