I-Biograge
UJohn Davison Rockefeller uyindoda ecebile kunazo zonke emhlabeni emlandweni wesintu.
IBillionaire yesikhathi esizayo yazalwa ngoJulayi 8, 1839 edolobheni laseRichford State of New York. Bobabili abazali, uWilliam wonke ama-rockefeller noLouise Selianto, babengamalungu esonto lamaBaptist. Kwakhuliswa izingane eziyisithupha emndenini, uJohane wayengowesibili ekhulile. UWilliam wasebenza njengomphakathi futhi waphakamisa ikhono ezinganeni kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuhweba. Kulokhu, uBaba wakhokhe uJohane ngenxa yezasekhaya. Ngezikhathi zokusuka, uWilliam mama, ongazange asebenze kuphi, futhi wazenzela abendlu kuphela, kwadingeka ukuba zonge, naleli khono lenzalo leLouise lenza inzalo.
UJohn omncane wayekhombisile ngaphambili i-smelter yezohwebo - wathengisa odade bakaCandy abathenga okuphelele. Futhi eneminyaka engu-7, umfana uqashe komakhelwane epulazini, lapho wayithola khona imali yokuqala ngokuqoqa amazambane kanye neTurkey ekhulayo. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, i-rockefeller yaqala incwadi yokubalwa kwezimali, okuyinto elungileyo kanye nezindleko ngobumnene.
UJohn osemncane wenza umfana onombono othule emvelweni ozungezile. Ingane eyomile nengenamkhawulo yakhulelwa isikhathi eside futhi ayizange isheshe ngokwenza izinqumo. Kepha eqinisweni, uJohane wayengumfana ozwela kakhulu, futhi wathola ukulahlekelwa ngudadewabo owafa ngengane. Ngemuva kokufa kwentombazane, uJohn walala phansi otshanini kude nendlu amahora angu-12.
Esikoleni, i-rockefeller ayithandanga ukufunda, yize othisha begubha inkumbulo yeketanga kanye nekhono lokucabanga ngokunengqondo. Eminyakeni yokufunda, uJohn waqala ibhizinisi le-seary. I-Rockefeller yabona ukuthi, kuncike amanani amancane ngenzalo encane, kungatholwa ngaphandle kobunzima. Umfana ubengafuni ukuba yisigqila semali futhi asebenzele iholo imini nobusuku, uJohn wanquma ukwenza imali ngezigqila zakhe futhi azenze zisebenzele kuye. Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, uJohn waba ngumfundi wekolishi lezentengiselwano, ngakho-ke usomabhizinisi osemusha wazinza ezifundweni ezibalwa kwezinyanga ezintathu, lapho alwazi khona ama-nases adingekayo wokungena kwemali.
Ibhizinisi
Ngo-1855, uJohn wahlela umsebenzi wokuqala futhi okuwukuphela kwabasebenzi e-Hewitt & Tuttle eMnyangweni Wezimali. Le nsizwa yaqala emholweni wama- $ 17, kepha ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa le nsizwa yathola ukwanda okufika ku- $ 25. Ngemuva konyaka, i-rockefeller iqoka inkampani yabaphathi. UJohn waqala ukuthola iholo eliphindwe ka-20. Kepha insizwa yokuvelela ayihambelani naleli nani, ngoba umphathi wangaphambilini wakhokha okuningi kakhulu futhi, engasebenzi nonyaka, uJohn waxosha ukuthi aqale ibhizinisi lakhe.
Ukuze ube ngumlingani wosomabhizinisi wase-UK, i-Rockefeller kwadingeka ukuthi athathe amadola ayi-1200 e-10% ngaphansi konyaka. Ngokuthayipha ama-dollar angama-2000 adingekayo, i-rockefeller yaba umlingani nomnikazi wamasheya enkampani "Clark neRochester". Inkampani ithengise imikhiqizo yezolimo. I-Rockefeller isheshe iwine ukuzethemba kwabalingani ngokubamba amabhizinisi, intuition kanye nobuqotho. Le nsizwa yabamba iqhaza ezindabeni zezezimali zenkampani.
Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19 eMelika, ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe entsha yemakethe - kwaqala ibhizinisi lokucwilisa uwoyela, njengoba amalambu kaKarosene aqala ukusebenzisa ukuthandwa. UJohn Demison Rockefeller ukumema ukuthi uhlanganyele nodokotela we-Samuel Andrews Chemist futhi wenza umngane wenkampani entsha no-Andrew. UClark wangaphambilini wangaphambilini ubengafuni ukubamba iqhaza ebhizinisini elinjalo, futhi uJohn kwadingeka athenge isabelo enkampanini futhi athathe ukuphathwa komsebenzi kuye.
E-31, i-rockefeller yakha uwoyela ojwayelekile, obambe iqhaza kumjikelezo ophelele wokukhiqizwa kwephalene, osukela ekukhiqizeni uwoyela, ephetha ngokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo eqediwe. Ubukhulu bokwenza ibhizinisi kwakuyiqiniso lokuthi uJohn akazange akhokhele abasebenzi bakhokhe imali. Usomabhizinisi ukhiphe ukunyuswa kwamasheya webhizinisi. Indlela enjalo evumela abasebenzi ukuthi basebenze ngomthwalo wemfanelo owengeziwe, kusukela manje inhlala-kahle ixhomekeke ngqo empumelelweni yenkampani.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi leRockefeller kwahamba amanani amakhulu. Ngenxa yebhizinisi kanye nekhono lokuxoxisana nabantu abanethonya, uJohn uzuze iqembu lakhe lentengo encishisiwe yokuhamba kwezimpahla ezithwala izimpahla. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabancintisana, imikhiqizo ye-petroleum ejwayelekile yathuthwa ka-2 izikhathi ezishibhile. Ngakho-ke, i-rockefeller yaphoqa ezinye izinkampani zamafutha ukuthengisa ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha ajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, usomabhizinisi ongezelelesi waphenduka waba yimomolist.
Ngo-1890, umthetho we-antimonopoly wase-US uSheman Senator, owayeqondiswe emisebenzini ejwayelekile kawoyela. I-Rockefeller iminyaka engama-20 yaphoqeleka ukuba ichoboze ukukhiqizwa kumabhizinisi angama-34 ngaphansi kokulawulwa. Kulowo nalowo kubo, uJohn wavikela ilungelo lokuthola isigxobo esilawulayo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwebhizinisi okunjalo kunomthelela omuhle enhlokodolobha yeMagnate, iRockefeller ikhuphule kaninginingi imali yayo.
-Sho
Njalo ngonyaka wezemisebenzi yamafutha ajwayelekile, imali engenayo ye-john rockefeller yayingama- $ 3 million. Ngesikhathi sokufa ngezilinganiso ezingochwepheshe, izwe le-70%. Ngokwesilinganiso samanje samadola, leli yizinkulungwane ezingama- $ 318 billion noma 1.5% we-United States GDP. I-Rockefeller ephethwe yizinkampani ezi-16 zesitimela, izitshalo ezi-6 zokumomazela zensimbi, amabhizinisi wokuthumela ama-6. Usomabhizinisi wawungamabhange ayi-9, amafemu wezezakhiwo ayi-9.URockefeller wazungeza ukunethezeka kwakhe ekugcineni kwempilo yakhe, kodwa akazange ayikhangise phambi komphakathi. Umndeni wakwaMagnate ophethe ama-orange ama-orange, ama-villas kanye nenkathi, isakhiwo sezwe samahektha angama-273. Umdlalo owuthandayo weJohn Rockefeller kwakuyigalofu, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu lapho kuchithwa khona i-Billionaire kwakunenkambu yokudlala. Inhlala-kahle yakhe, imagnate echazwe kwisiyalo futhi egcina imithetho eyi-12 yegolide yokuphila, okwakukhona uJohane ebusheni bakhe.
Isisa
UJohn Rockefeller wavakashela isonto lamaProthestani kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi, njengomKristu oyisibonelo, kusukela emalini yokuqala kwaqala ukuklelisa okweshumi kwezidingo zesifunda, ezazivakashele. Umkhuba wakho uqobo, umnini wamafutha akazange ashintshe kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo. Ama-magnate abhalwe ama- $ 100 wezigidi. Ngaphezu kweminikelo, isonto le-rockefeller lalingijabulisa kakhulu. UJohn wabala imali ye-University of Chicago, iNew York Institute of Medical Research, uMdali uJohane ayenjalo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i-rockefeller yadala "umkhandlu wezemfundo yendawo yonke" kanye neRockefeller Foundation.
U-Oyili Tycoon wabhala inqwaba yezincwadi zezinto eziphilayo, owokuqala kwawo kwakunguhlelo lwe-1909 "izinkumbulo zabantu kanye nemicimbi". Ngo-1910, incwadi kaRockefeller "Indlela Enginikeze ngayo ama-dollar angama-500,000,000" mayelana nomlando wokucebisa. Ngo-1913, usomabhizinisi wabhala incwadi ethi "Memoirs", eyachaza wonke amaqiniso athakazelisayo e-biography yakhe eyakhe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-25, uJohn Rockefeller washada nothisha weLore Selestia Spelman emndenini ocebile. Intombazane yaheha umkhwenyana ngempumputhe. Intsha yajoyina umuzwa wothando ngomunye nomunye futhi ubheka impilo nenhlala-kahle yomndeni. Bobabili babesezenziseke ngokweqile futhi bazithoba ngezifiso.
Umndeni weRockefeller wazalelwa amadodakazi angu-4 namandla - indodana kaJohn D. Rockefeller Jr., Owalandela ibhizinisi likaYise. Ngisho nalapho i-rockefeller ithola indawo yokuhlaziyiyela kawoyela eCleveland, umndeni waqhubeka nokuphila endaweni yokuhlala engasuswayo futhi akazange abe nenceku. Njengoba ama-magnate ngokwawo abhala ngokwawo, impumelelo kaJohn ethengiswayo iphoqelekile kunkosikazi wayo.
Ngemuva kokushona komlingani, uJohn Rockefeller waphila isikhathi eside. Umnikazi wamafutha wawathanda umphakathi wabesifazane, kancane kancane wajwayela ukugqoka izingubo ezibizayo. Isihloko sekhanda esiyintandokazi sikaRockefeller sasiyisigqoko sotshani, lapho usomabhizinisi osekhulile wayevame ukuba khona esithombeni.
Izingane zikaJohane zakhulisa ngendlela yangempela. Ingane ngayinye yayinencwadi yokubalwa kwemali lapho kubhalwa khona imali yokuholelwa kanye nezindleko. Endlini ye-rockefeller, kwakukhona uhlelo oluthile lokukhuthaza izingane zabasebenzi. UJohane wanika amadodakazi nendodana ngenxa yokwenqatshwa kwabo kwanoma yiziphi izinzuzo. Isibonelo, ngosuku olungenawo uswidi, ingane ibincike ngemali.
UJohn D. Rockefeller Jr. usekhulise kaninginingi isimo senhlangano yomndeni. Kanye nabazukulu abahlanu, abadume kakhulu ababengabadume, ubusika noDavide, bahlanganyela empilweni yezepolitiki nezomnotho ye-United States kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu lama-21.
Ukushona
UJohn Rockefeller wayenamaphupho amabili ezimpilweni zabo ezingazange zifezeke: Ukuphila iminyaka eyikhulu futhi uhola ama- $ 100 amabiya. John Rockefeller. John Rockefeller. 23, 1937 kusuka ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo eFlorida.Amacaphuna
Izingcaphuno ezidumile ze-petroleum tycoon:
Ngubani osebenza usuku lonke, asikho isikhathi sokuthola imali; inhlala-kahle yakho incike ezinqumweni zakho; Uma umgomo wakho kuphela ukuceba, awusoze wakufinyelela.Imithetho eyi-12 ROCKEFELER
- Sebenza kancane kubantu. Lapho ungazisebenzisi, ngokushesha unakho okuningi. Igama elithi "umsebenzi" linempande 'yenceku.'
- Yonga imali kahle - thatha igxathu elibheke empumelelweni. Thenga imikhiqizo lapho kushibhile noma okuphelele, lungiselela uhlu lwezidingo, uthenge imikhiqizo ngokusho kohlu, ngokulandelana.
- Uma ungompofu - qala ukwenza ibhizinisi. Uma ungenayo ipeni, khona-ke kufanele uvule ibhizinisi manje ngaphandle kokuhlehlisa umzuzu.
- Indlela yempumelelo, indlela eya engcebweni enkulu idlula emholweni ongenangqondo.
- Iphupho lokuthola okungenani ama- $ 50 000 ngenyanga, kepha mhlawumbe ngaphezulu.
- Imali iza kuwe ngokusebenzisa abanye abantu. Ukuxhumana, ukuthakazelelwa kwenza abantu bacebe. Umuntu ongavunyelwanga akavami kakhulu.
- Imvelo engeyinhle, abantu abangaphumelelanga badonswa ebuphofini futhi behluleka. Udinga ukuzungeza ngabaphumelele nabethemba.
- Ungasondeli nezaba zethuba lokuhlehlisa isinyathelo sokuqala ekufezekiseni umgomo wakho - akunjalo.
- Funda ama-biografikhi nemicabango yabantu abacebe kakhulu bomhlaba abathole impumelelo. Umlando wokuphila komuntu ophumelelayo uzosiza ukufeza wonke umuntu - lokhu kusho ukuthini lokhu kucaphuna.
- Amaphupho yinto esemqoka empilweni yakho. Into esemqoka ukuphupha futhi ukholelwe ukuthi amaphupho azofezeka. Indoda iqala ukufa lapho iyeka ukuphupha.
- Siza abantu abengeyona imali, kodwa bevela enhliziyweni emsulwa. Nikeza inzuzo eyi-10% yokupha. Okungukuthi, wonke umuntu kufanele asize ekudlekeni. Lokhu kufakazelwa yindaba yempumelelo kaJohn Rockefeller.
- Dala uhlelo lwebhizinisi futhi ujabulele imali oyitholile. Inchazelo yale khotheshini ukuthi umuntu kufanele asebenze ukuze aphile ngenjabulo, hhayi ubuwula obusho ubuwula.