I-Biograge
UGeorge Washington ungumongameli wokuqala wase-United States, okhethwe ngabantu futhi wabheka omunye wabasunguli be-United States. Wayehlala ngekhulu le-XVIII, wayengumnikazi wenceku enkulu futhi ocebile. UGeorge Washington ungumhlanganyeli e-American Revolution, umlobi we-US Umongameli wase-US kanye neNhloko yezwekazi.
I-biography yekusasa likaMongameli wase-US yaqala ngoFebhuwari 22, 1732 eVirginia, ku-Plampation Popz Creek. UGeorge waba ngengxenye yesithathu yezingane ezinhlanu emndenini womnikazi wenceku ocebile, umpula wadlami kanye no-Amerlevember Augustine Washington, owashona lapho umfana eneminyaka eyishumi nanye. Emva kwalokhu, inhloko yomndeni kwakunguMfowethu omkhulu wekhonkolo ophezulu uLawrence. UGeorge wafundela ekhaya futhi wanamathisela inani lokuzifukuza.
Uzalelwe emndenini wabanikazi bezigqila futhi ethola ifa likahulumeni, washington wabheka ubugqila obunezinkambiso eziphikisanayo zokuziphatha nokuziphatha, kodwa bekukholelwa ukuthi ukukhululwa kwezigqila kuzokwenzeka kuphela emashumini eminyaka kuphela.
Iqhaza elikhulu ekupheleni kukaGeorge Washington wadlalwa yiNkosi Fairfax - izwe elicebe kakhulu iVirginia yalezo zikhathi. Waba uhlobo lomeluleki wensizwa eyayisuswe kuYise ebuntwaneni, wamnika ukwesekwa okunobungane lapho ekwakheni umsebenzi we-amerler nesikhulu.
Umfowabo omdala kaGeorge washona eneminyaka engamashumi amabili, umnikazi weNtaba uLernon waya kumfana, nezigqila eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili. Kusuka ku-17, eWashington wasebenza eCalpepper County njengezwe, kwathi ngemuva kokushona komfowethu waba ngumholi wesinye sezifunda ze-Virture Militia ngesimo esikhulu.
Ngo-1753, uMajor Washington uthole umyalo onzima: Yazisa amaFulentshi ngokuhluleka ukuhambisa esigodini soMfula i-Ohio. Kwaphela amasonto ayi-11, uGeorge weqa izingozi ezigcwele zendlela, ubude bawo babengamakhilomitha angama-800, futhi ngenxa yalokho, yenziwa ikhomishini. Ngo-1755, wathumba empini elwa neFort Dunkeen. Ngokushesha, wadedelwa eWashington, kwathi ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokuphinda waphikisana nale nqaba wakhombisa isibindi futhi wanikezwa isikhundla sikaColoneli.
Emva kwalokho le nsizwa yaba yinduna-in-induna yenhlangano yezintombi ntombi nto. Ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe, iqembu laqhubeka nokulwa namaNdiya namaFrance futhi athathe isikhundla sokuzivikela. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1758, eneminyaka engu-26 ubudala, uGeorge Washington wanquma ukushiya umsebenzi wephoyisa washiya phansi isikhundla.
Ukubukwa komhlaba kweWashington osemusha kwakungaphansi kwethonya elinamandla lezincwadi zesiNgisi zekhulu lokuqala le-XVIII. UCumier Cumier George wayengumbuso wasendulo wasezombusazwe waseRoma Jr .. Njengokuhle, uMongameli waseMelika wesikhathi esizayo wazama ukusebenzisa kuphela isitayela sakudala senkulumo, ehambelana nesampula yobuhle empilweni yomuntu siqu nasemphakathini, avimbele ukuboniswa kobuso kanye nokuziphatha kahle ezingeni elihle.
Isibhamu, iWashington yaba ngumuntu ovinjelwe, oqondiswe kulo owawulawula njalo imizwa futhi akazange azivumele ukuba alahlekelwe ukuzithiba. Inkolo iphathwa ngenhlonipho, kepha ngaphandle kokubanika ngokweqile.
Ipolitiki
Ukwenqaba Isikhulu Esibhekele Umsebenzi, uGeorge Washington washada futhi waba ngumnikazi wenceku echumayo kanye nomtshali. Ngasikhathi sinye, le nqubomgomo yaqhubeka nokudlala indima eholayo empilweni yakhe, kwathi ngo-175-17-1774 yenza kaningi imizamo ephumelelayo yokuba yiphini eliphumelelayo lomhlangano womthetho waseVirginia.
Ukuba ngumnikazi wamasimini amakhulu, uGeorge ngesipiliyoni sakhe waphetha ngokuthi inqubomgomo yoMbuso e-United Ayihlangabezani nezidingo zesikhathi sethu. Isifiso seziphathimandla zaseBrithani zokunqanda ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nokuhweba emazweni asemaloloni kwakuqinile. Ngokwengxenye, ngakho-ke, washona eWashington wakha eVirginia inyunyana eyayinomgomo wokuqokwa kokukhiqizwa kwesiNgisi. UThomas Jefferson noPatrick Henry bamsiza kulokhu.
Umzabalazo wamalungelo amakoloni kwaba ngoGeorge udaba lweMigomo. Ngo-1769, waba nesinqumo esisalungiswa, wafaka ilungelo lokusungula izintela kuphela emihlanganweni yezomthetho yezindawo zokuhlala zamakoloni. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha intshisakalo yomphakathi kule nkinga yehle ngenxa yokuqedwa kwemisebenzi yangokwezifiso. Ubushiqela base-UK maqondana namakoloni awashiyanga amathuba okubuyisana, nangemva kokushayisana kokuqala kwamasosha namasosha aleli lizwe, uGeorge Washington waqala ukugqoka umfaniswano wamasosha, wakwazi ukugqoka igebe.
Impi yenkululeko
Ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthi iMelika idinga njenge-warlord, kusho uMongameli wekusasa lase-US ahlongoze izinsizakalo zebutho lezwekazi. Ngo-1775 wathola isimo se-Commander-in-enduna yaleli butho. Isisekelo samabutho amabutho, aphenya uGeorge Washington, owakhiwa amabutho amabutho athola amaphuzu avela ezifundeni.
Ekuqaleni, amasosha aseMelika ayenezinkinga eziningi ngesiyalo, ukufunda kanye nemishini. Kodwa-ke, kancane kancane (sibonga imizamo ye-Commander-in-Chief), kwakhiwa amasosha asebenzayo futhi asebenza ngempumelelo, esebenzisa ngempumelelo inqubo yesakhiwo esiseduze ezimpini ezinama-British, asebenzisa ukwakhiwa komugqa wendabuko.
UGeorge Washington ekuqaleni wayeholwa ngokuvinjezelwa kweBoston. Ngo-1776, amabutho avikela iNew York, ngenxa yezimpi eziningana ngaphandle kokumelana ngaphansi kwengcindezi yabaphikisi futhi edlula edolobheni laseGreat Britain. Ekupheleni kuka-1776 ekuqaleni kuka-1777, iWashington namabutho baziphindisela kwabaseBrithani ezimpini eTrentonne nasePrinceton, nasentwasahlobo ka-1777 ukuvinjezelwa kwabo kukaBoston kwaphela ngempumelelo. Lokhu kunqoba kubalulekile futhi ngokuhlelekile: izimpi eziphumelelayo nesitha zanda isisusa nomoya wokuziphatha wamasosha aseMelika.
Kulandelwa futhi: Ukunqoba kweSaratoga, ukukhululwa kwezindawo ezisemqoka, amandla okuqanjwa kwamabutho ase-UK ahlomile ase-Yorktown kanye nokuphothulwa kwezobutha eMelika. Ngemuva kwalezi zimpi, amaphoyisa aseMelika aqala ukungabaza ukuthi iCongress ihlela ukubakhokhela umholo wesikhathi esichithwe empini. Ukwethemba uGeorge Washington, owayedume ngokwethembeka nangezimiso eziqinile zokuziphatha, babefuna ukumenza inhloko yezwe.
I-American Revolution yaphela ngokusemthethweni ngo-1783, lapho kusayinwa neParris Mirny Compared. Masinyane ngemuva kwalomcimbi, umphathi we-Commander-oyinhloko wavusa igunya futhi wathumela izincwadi kohulumeni, ababeluleka ukuba baqinise uhulumeni omkhulu ukuvikela ukubola kwezwe.
UMongameli Wokuqala we-USA
Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwezitha, uGeorge Washington wabuyela efeni lakhe. Kodwa-ke, umlando wezwe lomdabu waqhubeka nokuba nentshisekelo kuye, futhi waphunyuka esimweni sezepolitiki e-United States. Ngo-1786, abasekeli bakhe ngemuva kokubizelwa kwakhe basiza ekunciphiseni ukwanda kwabalimi beMassachusetts.
Ngokushesha waseWashington wakhethwa njengenhloko yomhlangano womthethosisekelo wasePhiladelphi wasePhiladelphia, okuthi ngo-1787 wakhipha uMthethosisekelo omusha wase-US, bese kubakhethwe ukhetho. I-Commander-in-Chief yathatha umhlalaphansi yayithandwa kakhulu emphakathini ukuthi abakhethi bavotele ngamabomu (okokuqala ngqa kanye nokhetho kabusha lukaMongameli).
EPosini leNhloko yoMbuso, uGeorge Washington wafuna ukugxila namaMelika ahlonipha uMthethosisekelo, alondoloze izinguquko zentando yeningi eminyakeni yamuva, ezungezwe abamele i-Intelligentia, abakwazi ukusebenzela iMelika. Ngasikhathi sinye, iWashington yazama ukubambisana neCongress futhi ingaphazamisi izingxabano zezepolitiki ngaphakathi kwezwe. Ekotani lesibili, uMongameli wokuqala we-United States usungule uhlelo olunekhono lokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni nakwezezimali ezweni, waphoqa amaNdiya ukuthi alahle izindawo eziningi (ikakhulukazi esebenzisa amabutho), kwenqabele utshwala obuhluphekile.
Umgomo wangaphakathi nokwamanye amazwe kaGeorge Washington wahlangana nokuphikiswa kwezinye izingqimba zomphakathi, kodwa imizamo yokuhlubuka kukaMongameli nebutho lakhe bakwazile ukuma ngokushesha. Lapho ephothulwa yilezi zinto ezimbili zeBhodi, wathola umnikelo wokubalekela kanye nekota yesithathu, kodwa wenqaba ngenxa yemithi yoMthethosisekelo. Ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwezwe, washiya ngokusemthethweni ukubulawa kwabantu, kepha wayephatha amasimu akhe nezigqila ezazigijima. Sekukonke, kwakukhona izigqila ezingama-390.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1759, uGeorge Washington wathatha umfazi evikelekile ngumfelokazi uMarta Castis, owaba ngumkakhe wokuqala futhi owaphela. Ngokuphathelene noMartha kwakuyindlu, izigqila ezingama-300 namahektare ayi-17,000 omhlaba. Ngalesi sikhathi, uGeorge waziyala ngengqondo, wayiguqula ibe enye yezifunda ezinenzuzo kakhulu eVirginia. Umshado kaGeorge noMartha wawude futhi ujabule. Kulomndeni, abantwana baseCastis emshadweni wokuqala bakhuliswa, izingane ezivamile zoshade naye azizange ziqale.Ukushona
Umongameli wokuqala waseMelika ushone ngoDisemba 15, 1799. Ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kwalokhu, wazithola etholakala emvuleni enamandla ngeqhwa, ehlola impahla yakhe egibele ihhashi. Ukubuyela ekhaya, akazange asuse izingubo ezimanzi futhi wanquma khona lapho. Kukusasa ekuseni, iWashington yaqala umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka komphimbo kanye nekhala eliqinile eligijimayo, okwaba yizimpawu ze-pneumonia kanye ne-laryngitis enamandla. Ukulungiswa kwamawokwelapha kwekhulu le-18 akunakumsiza, ngaphezu kwalokho, bakha isimo sakhe (odokotela basebenzise iGloable.
Ngo-1888, iSikhumbuzo esingamamitha ayi-150 sasifakelwa enhlokodolobha yaseMelika ukuhlonipha umongameli wokuqala wezwe. Eduntshele lakhe, leli bhuloho labuye laqanjwa ngaphesheya komfula iHudson (elinye elide kunazo zonke e-USA), ophethe izindiza ze-athomu, eyunivesithi eWashington. Izikweletu zeDollar ezihlotshiswe ngesithombe ngesithombe sakhe. Futhi-ke, bekukuhlonishwa nguMongameli wokuqala we-United States igama lawo kwakuyinhloko-dolobha yaseMelika.
Ngo-2000, kwadedelwa ifilimu le-biographical "George Washington", futhi kunochungechunge lochungechunge namanye amafilimu, ngandlela thile anikezelwe kwezepolitiki.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Enye yezilimo eziphambili ezakhule ekulimaleni kweWashington kwakuyi-hemp. Kukhulu le-XVIII lalisetshenziselwa ukwenza iphepha, izintambo nezindwangu.
- UGeorge Washington waba nguMongameli we-AMERICAN kuphela owake wakhetha u-100% wamavoti okhetho.
- UMongameli wokuqala we-United States akakaze afake ama-wigs, anezinyathelo ezibomvu ezinweleni ezivela emvelweni. Emifanekiso esekwehlile isikhathi sethu, izinwele zakhe zibonakala zilula, ngoba ngokwemifashini yekhulu le-XVIII bebengesihlwa.
- UGeorge Washington wayenguchwepheshe we-accounting futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningana ngezitatimende zezezimali ezifanele. Ngisho nangesikhathi sokuphatha, yena uqobo wabheka imali engenayo kanye nezindleko zefa lakhe, ngoba "kulula ukulandela ipeni ngalinye."
- Usopolitiki odumile kanye ne-warlord kwakuwukugibela okuhle kakhulu, kepha wayenaye "umcamelo" wakhe: ihhashi okwakumele lihambe ngalo, bekufanele likhanye ngokuhlanzeka. IWashington enamathiselwe kulo mthetho ibaluleke kangangokuba wake wabheka emazinyweni zesilwane ngaphambi kokuhlala kuye.
Amacaphuna
- Kufanele sibheke emuva kuphela ekukhishweni kwezifundo ezivela kumaphutha ezedlule kanye nezinzuzo ezivela kulwazi olubikiwe oluthengiwe.
- Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokugcina umhlaba sezilungele impi.
- Sisebenza ukuze emphefumulweni wakho awufanga lezo zinhlaka ezincane zomlilo wasezulwini, okungunembeza.
- Uma ubozisa idumela lakho, bahlobanise impilo yakho nabantu abahlonishwayo.
- Ungabonisi injabulo lapho ubona ngeshwa lomunye umuntu, noma ngabe kuyisitha sakho.