I-Biograge
UGeorge Soros ungumhlinzeki wezezimali waseMelika, umhwebi kanye nomtshalizimali, nemisebenzi edumile ye-Philanthropic. Indlela yokuphila ye-Soros inika ukungabaza okuningi futhi ibhekwa njenge-adigious: umuntu ukhuluma ngaye njengoMdali omuhle wesikhungo sezikhungo, kanti abanye babiza ama-jpreying, okubuye kube necala lezinkinga zemali.
UGeorge Soros uvele ngo-Agasti 12, 1930 eBudapest. Igama lakhe langempela yi-Dieper Shorosh. Isazi esizayo sazalwa emkhayeni wengcebo ephakathi kwemvelaphi yamaJuda. Ubaba uTivar Shorosh usebenze embonini yezomthetho, futhi wazama nokushicilela umagazini wakhe nge-Esperanto yase-Esperanto. UTivar wabamba iqhaza eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala futhi wakwazi ukubuyela eBudapest yakhe yendabuko yeminyaka emithathu yokudingiswa eSiberia.
Ngakho-ke, ubaba wafundisa uGeorge, okokuqala, ubuciko bokusinda. Unina ka-Elizabeth, owayengazi ukwesabeka kwempi enjalo, wabheka umhlaba kukhiye omuhle futhi wayazisa iNdodana ngobuciko. Iningi lazo zonke ama-soros amancane athanda ukupenda nokudweba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngathuthuka kakhulu ekufundeni izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ngaphezu kwendabuko yeHungary eyayikhuluma isiNgisi, isiJalimane nesiFulentshi. Futhi, lo mfo wayethanda ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, ukubhukuda, ithenisi. Futhi kusukela esemncane, uhlala eshaya abangane 'ekujuleni kwemali'.
U-Odnoklassniki Khumbula ukuthi esikoleni i-semali yezezimali esizayo yaziphatha kabi futhi yazidela, ibekelwe ukubamba iqhaza ezilweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ulimi lwakhe lumisiwe ngokuphelele, futhi lokho akhokholelwa, amaSoro avikela cishe ngezindleko zokuphila. Wafunda ngokwesilinganiso seGeorge, khona-ke ekhombisa imiphumela, wabe esegingqa ezingeni lokhudlwana.
USoros wayeneminyaka engaphansi kwe-10 lapho kwaqala iMpi Yezwe Enesihluku futhi engenamusa. Umphakathi wezigidi zamaJuda aseHungary waqala waphila ngokwesaba ukuthi isiphetho sabo sabantu ababhubhisayo bakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu sizohlupheka. Indlela yokuphila yomndeni wakwaSoros kwakuyisifiso esiqhubekayo sokucasha. Safika emasikhishini, futhi okungenani - eziteshini zomhlaba naphansi kwezindlu zabangane, zavuma ukubamukela izinsuku eziningana.
UTivar Shoroshe ngalezo zinsuku wawubandakanyeka emibhalweni eyimbumbulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, le ndoda yasindisa izimpilo zamalungu omndeni wakhe namanye amaJuda, yize ayesabisa ngokubulawa. Ekwindla ka-1945, lapho ingozi ekugcineni idlulile, uGeorge Soros waphinde waya esikoleni. Kepha impilo ekwesabeni njalo ukucekela phansi amaNazi abekezela kuye: umfana wayefuna ukuya entshonalanga, ashiye iHungary yakhe yendabuko. Waqala ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo ngo-1947, lapho eneminyaka eyishumi nesikhombisa, eyedwa. Kodwa-ke, uBaba, kanye no-anti, owathuthela eFlorida, wasizwa.
Ekuqaleni uGeorge wavakashela eSwitzerland Bern, wabe eseya eLondon. Lapho, ngezikhathi ezithile zithola izindlela zokwenza imali empilweni: Yahlelwa endaweni yokudlela nomuntu wesilinda, ngaqoqa ama-apula epulazini, ngahlanganisa lo msebenzi wemalale. Futhi ngo-1949 wangena eLondon School of Economics, aphothula iziqu ekuqeqesheni ngefomethi esheshisiwe eminyakeni emibili. AmaSoros namanje ngonyaka abhalwe ngokusemthethweni umfundi wesikole kanye nediploma etholwe ngo-1953 kuphela.
IDiploma yeSikole Sezomnotho ayiqinisekanga ukuqashwa kukaGeorge, futhi waphinde waphazanyiswa yimali etholwayo. Kodwa-ke, khona-ke isigidi esizayo sesivele sabona ukuthi ukuthola imali enkulu kuyadingeka "ukujoyina" ebhizinisini lokutshala imali. Umsebenzi wokuqala emkhakheni wezezimali wawuyindawo yesazi ebhange "umculi kanye ne-friedland". Futhi ngo-1956, umtshali zimali we-novice wabona ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokufudukela eNew York.
Ibhizinisi
Umsebenzi waseNew York George waqala ngokutholwa kokuphepha kwesinye isimo esisodwa futhi uzithengise kwesinye (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ubuciko bamazwe omhlaba). Lapho sekwethulwa imali ngo-1963, kwalethwa imali eyengeziwe yokutshala kwamanye amazwe e-United States, i-semali yathola ukuthi leli bhizinisi alizuzili futhi lilivale.
Eminyakeni embalwa, ama-Soros asebenza njengenhloko yocwaningo yinkampani yabathengisi "U-Arnhold no-S. Bleichreeder", nangemva kweminye imizamo embalwa athola umphathi wesikhundla we-Double Eagle Foundation, eyasungulwa yile nkampani. Ngo-1973, amaSoros ashiye abaqashi bakhe futhi wasungula isisekelo sakhe esibizwa ngokuthi i-quantum. UJR. uzakwethu waba nguJim Rogers kuleli cala, futhi njengesisekelo senhlangano yesisekelo, abatshalizimali "Ukhozi oluphindwe kabili" lwathathwa.
Isisekelo se-Quantum sikhethekile ekuqagelweni kwemali, ukuphepha, izimpahla zokushintshana kwesitoko. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980s, isimo sikaGeorge Soros sesivele sidlule amadola ayizigidi eziyikhulu. Ngesikhathi esiqhubekayo ibanga, amaSoro noRogers Foundand baphumelela, kepha izikhathi zakhe ezingaphumelelanga nazo zenzekile. Isibonelo, phakathi "ngoMsombuluko omnyama" ka-1987, lapho omunye wabatshalile ngokushintshana okukhulu kwenzeka kuwo wonke umlando wesintu, uGeorge wayala ukuvala izikhundla zenzeke futhi zingene imali. Ngaphambi kwalesi sinqumo, izinga lonyaka lenzuzo yesiKhwama lifinyelela ama-60%, kepha ngemuva kwalelo ntuntum alizange nje lilahlekelwe inzuzo, kodwa futhi langena ngomumo: ngokwemibandela yonyaka, ukulahleka kwakungu-10%.
Ngokushesha uSoros wanquma ukuheha isisekelo somhlahlandlela onesihloko esithi Asset - Stanley Dragonmiller, lapho isikhulu sezimali esikwazi khona ukukhuphuka ngokwengeziwe. UStanley wasebenza ngo-quantum kuze kube ngu-2000.
Usuku olubalulekile lwe-George seluphenduke ngoSepthemba 16, 1992, lapho ukuwa kwesigaxa sephawundi kwenzeka. Kulesi sehlakalo, usomabhizinisi wathola amadola ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane, futhi ama-soros ajwayele ukubizwa ngokuthi omunye wababenzi bokuwa.
Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990s, i-Billionaire yakhuluma eRussia yaze yanquma ukuqhuba ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe nosomabhizinisi uVladimir Potanin. Kanye naye, wathola amasheya ekota weSvyazinsveq, okwakwehlile kabili ngemuva kokuthi inhlekelele yango-1998 yasuswa. Kamuva, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uGeorge Soros wakubiza lokhu kutholwa ngokutshalwa kwemali okubi kakhulu.
Ngobudala, i-semali inentshisekelo yokutshalwa kwemali, ukuhweba ngokushintshana kwesitoko futhi kuchitha isikhathi esithe xaxa somusa. Ngo-2011, wamemezela ukuthi iSikhwama Sakhe Sokutshala imali siyeka umsebenzi. Kusukela lapho, ama-Soros enze umsebenzi wezezimali kuphela ukukhulisa ukulingana nokukhula enhlalakahleni yomndeni wayo.
Isikhwama
UGeorge Soros HEDEDEDE Foundation obizwa nge-Open Society wasungulwa ngo-1979. Izimali zeBillionaire zenziwa emazweni amaningi amaningi. Kubandakanya nenhlangano yakhe (isisekelo seSoviet-American Foundation "Isiko lesiko") lisebenze e-USSR. Yakheke ukuxhasa isiko, isayensi nemfundo, kepha yavalwa ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lenkohliso.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, iSoros Foundation ichithe cishe amadola ayizigidi eziyikhulu kwiphrojekthi yaseRussia "University Centers", kubonakale ukuthi amanyuvesi angama-33, avele ezindaweni ezingama-33. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, isikhungo seNhlangano Evulekile Ekhishwe izibonelelo kubamele umphakathi wamasiko nomphakathi wezesayensi, kepha lezi zinkokhelo zimiswe ngo-2004.
Ngo-2015, iSoros Foundation yafakwa ohlwini lwezinhlangano ezingafuneki ezingezona ezentengiso zeRussia Federation, yingakho umsebenzi wakhe ezweni akunakwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, inani lezimali ezinosizo nezingezona ezentengiso ezidalwe eRussia ngokusekelwa kwale nhlangano zisebenza kuze kube namuhla.
-Sho
Ngo-2017, uGeorge Soros ulinganiselwa ku- $ 25,2 billion. Abanye abatshalizimali bakholelwa ukuthi kunikezwe isipho esihle kakhulu sokubona kusengaphambili kwezimali, abanye babona izizathu zempumelelo yalo ekusebenziseni imininingwane eyimfihlo yangaphakathi.
IBillineaire ngokwayo ithuthukise imfundiso yokubonisa izimakethe zesitoko, okuchaza ukukhula okuhlaba umxhwele kwenhlala-kahle yayo. Ubhale ngemibono yakhe ngeqiniso lezezimali: "I-Alchemy Finance", "inhlekelele yobungxowankulu bezwe", "insipho bubble of American Excellence" nabanye.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umfazi wokuqala kaGeorge Soros - Ennalya Wemita, kanyekanye nezezimali zahlala ngazo iminyaka engama-23. Okwesibili oshade naye nguSusan Weber, ashada naye ngalowo nyaka ngo-1983. Wayemncane kunomlingani omusha omusha wekota yekhulu leminyaka futhi wagqugquzela ukugxekwa kwezobuciko eNew York. Lo mndeni wawukhona iminyaka engama-22.
Ngemuva kwesehlukaniso noSusan, i-Billionaire yahlangana no-Adrian Ferreir - i-Train Edume Television yaseBrazil. Kodwa-ke, ngobuhle baseLatin America, amaSoro akazange ashade, nangemva kokuhlukana, wamfaka enkantolo. Owesifazane wafuna ukuthi umtshalizimali amkhokhele ama- $ 50 wezigidi ezingama- $ 50 njengenxephezelo yokuhlukunyezwa, ukulimala kokuziphatha nokushaywa.
Ezithombeni zesimanje zikaGeorge Soros, ungabona ukuthi lo muntu, naphezu kokuguga, usakulungele ukuhola impilo esebenzayo. Indaba yomshado wakhe omusha ingasebenza njengobufakazi obukhanyayo: Ngo-2013, uGeorge wazihlanza emshadweni onomholo oneminyaka engu-42 ubudala we-balcon ne-yoga onguchwepheshe uTamiko Bolton. Umshado wenzeka enkabeni yomculo nobuciko be-caramur, abantu abangama-500 bamenyelwa kuye.
Kusukela emishadweni yokuqala emibili, ibhiliyare, amadodana amahlanu, amadodana ka-Alexathan, uJonathan, uGregory noRobert, kanye nendodakazi kaRobert, kanye nendodakazi ka-Robert. Ezinye izingane zingene ezinyathelweni zobaba wezezimali: UJonathan waqala wasebenza esikhwameni sakhe sokutshala imali, wabe esesungula inkampani yakhe.
UGeorge Soros Manje
UGeorge Soros Biosos izikhathi eziningi waba inhlabathi ngobumpofu nokuhleba. Isibonelo, ekwindla ka-2016, amahemuhemu amahlebezi wokuthi uBillineaire washona. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ukuvakasha kwezezimali kubikwa ngemali kubikwa ukuthi u-Ukraine: Kuthiwa uSoros uhlose ukusebenzisa izwe ukuze anciphise umnotho waseRussia. "Amaqiniso" akhona ezingeni lokuqagela, ngoba ubufakazi obungathi sína abavezwanga esikhundleni sabo.