I-Biograge
UVasily Vladimirovich Bykov uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yindoda eyasinda. Kepha kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi akavele asinde, ahlanganyele ezimpini emikhakheni yempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, kodwa futhi wahlala ememezela abathandi bezincwadi abaningi njengoMlobi Ongafi Wezobuqhawe. Izindaba kanye nezindaba zikaVasil Bykov ziboshwe ngeqiniso elinonya laleyo minyaka enezinkathazo, wayengesabi ukusuka kumalebula emibono, ashushiswa futhi ashushiswa kanye nokulimala. Kepha imisebenzi yombhali yaqhutshwa eminyakeni eminingi futhi yabiwa ngabaqondisi abadumile.Ubuntwana nentsha
UVasil Vladimorovich Bykov wazalelwa enyakatho yeBelarus ngoJuni 19, 1924 edolobhaneni elincane lezimbungulu, esifundeni saseShach esifundeni saseVitebsk. Umfana wakhula emndenini omkhulu womlimi: ngaphandle kwakhe, odadewabo bakwa-Antonina bakhuliswa (bafa ngo-15), uValentina noMfoweth 'uNicholas.
Ubaba wakhe uVladimir Fedorovich phambilini wayithola imali etholwa eLatvia, futhi wakhonza nasebuthweni lasebukhosini eGrodno. Lapho-ke, izinkunzi eziphakeme ngokuqala kwempi yezwe yokuqala zazenziwe ngamabomu, wabe esethunjwa futhi wazithola eJalimane, lapho iBower isebenza khona. UVladimir Fedorovich utshele i-CHAD eneminyaka emihlanu yokuthi alwa kanjani empini yombango kwathi amaJalimane awela empumalanga yePrussia, futhi uVasil walalela wonke amagama, wabuza imibuzo.
Umlobi uMama ka-Ana Grigorievna uvela emndenini olula owayehlala edolobhaneni laseValyok, ePoland. Ngokungafani neNhloko yomndeni, abantwana abayesabayo, u-Ana wayengowesifazane othambile futhi unomusa. Abazali bakwaVasily baphila kabi futhi banciphise ngokuphelele iziphetho ezinamaphethelo, ngakho-ke isidlo sasemini esanelisayo noma isidlo sakusihlwa esimnandi sasiyinto ebabazekayo enkulu, ngaphandle kombhali wesikhathi esizayo kwesinye isikhathi bekungekho zinto eziningi zokugqoka.
Ngakho-ke, ukwamukelwa okuwukuphela komfana omncane kwakuyimvelo nezincwadi. Wabiza ukuchitha isikhathi sakhe samahhala (uma bekunjalo, ngoba uVasil kusukela ebuntwaneni wayazi ukuthi kuyini - ukwenza umsebenzi onzima wesinkwa) emgwaqweni, ujabulele ukuculwa kwezinyoni nomoya omusha. Kepha ikakhulukazi, umfana omncane wayihlonipha iLake Belsakovskoye, lapho athenga khona, abamba izinhlanzi kanye ne-crayfish.
"Ngiyakhumbula, linda ithoshi, futhi i-crayfish ekhangwa ukukhanya kuzoshayeka, futhi kakhulu kangangokuba bayesabeka," kukhumbula uVasil Vladimirovich, "kusho uVasil Vladimirovich ekhumbula encwadini yakhe ye-autobiographical.Noma afunda ezinye izincwadi zasendulo ezamcwilisa ekhanda lakhe ekuhambeni okungakaze kubonwe kwasungulwa ngababhali. Owokuqala ukufunda lo msebenzi kwakuyinganekwane mayelana ne-Princess Frog, umfana ayithola kuthisha. Futhi uVasyl wadonsela kahle: wabhala kahle ngepensela ephepheni lokho okwalwe emcabangweni wakhe. Mhlawumbe izinkunzi zizoba ngumculi ovelele njengoba uRembrandt, iVrubel noma uLevitan, kepha isiphetho savotela lo muntu onekhono ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uVasil akahambelani ebhentshini elilodwa lesikole: wafunda edolobhaneni lakubo, wabe esethuthela egcekeni leSlobodka, wabe eseya esikoleni eKulizichi. Ngokulandelayo, izinkunzi zaqhubeka nokutadisha, zibhalisa esikoleni sobuciko beVitebsk egatsheni lesibazi. Ngeshwa, insizwa ethile yasuka kulesi sikhungo semfundo ngenxa yokuqedwa kokukhokhwa kwemali: Le nsizwa bekufanele ithole umsebenzi. Kepha ngemuva kwakho konke, wafundiswa esikoleni sokuqeqeshwa kwefekthri - wadlula ezivivinyweni zebanga leshumi elingaphandle ngo-1941.
NgoJuni 22, 1941, UKhomishani Wezangaphandle yakwamanye amazwe uVyacheslav Mikheilovich Molotov egameni likaJoseph Stalin wazisa ngokusemthethweni abantu bakwethu mayelana nokuhlaselwa kwamasosha amaNazi. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi ubuholi beSoviet Union, naphezu kwesivumelwano se-molotov-ribbentrop, sasikulungele ukwenza okuthile kuka-Adolf Hitler, kodwa kwabahlali abaningi base-USSR, ukuqala kwamasosha aseJalimane kwavela ukuthi kungamangaza ngokuphelele . Impi yathola uVasil Bykov e-Ukraine - lapho wahlanganyela emisebenzini yokuzivikela.
Umlobi wesikhathi esizayo waba sezinhlekeleleni zokufa: Ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva eBelgorod, wayesebangela umngane wakhe futhi waboshwa. Wathola inhloli yaseJalimane futhi wacishe wadutshulwa. Kepha inkunzi ikwazile ukukholisa abahlaseli eqinisweni lokuthi uyisakhamuzi sase-USSR. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ebusika kusukela ngo-1941 kuya ku-1942 insizwa yahlala esiteshini sesitimela saseSaltykovka nasedolobheni lase-Atkarsk, elisesifundeni saseSaratov.
Ngemuva kokuthola iziqu eSaratov Infantry School, umbhali we-Alpine Bally wabizelwa eMsebenzini empini, lapho ayesebenza khona esihlokweni somncane uLieutenant. Izinkunzi zazibonakalisa njengendoda enesibindi nenesibindi, zibambe iqhaza ezimpini zikaKrivoy Rog, u-Alexandria naseZamenka. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1944, izinkunzi zisesibhedlela izinyanga ezintathu, kwathi lapho isimo sakhe somzimba seza ngokwejwayelekile, waqala ukulwela izwe lakubo: Waba owayengumuntu ophakeme, umkhuzi wezobuthongo kanye nebutho lobuciko, wabamba iqhaza emisebenzini eminingi , eyenziwa namabutho amanje eBulgaria, eHungary, iYugoslavia nase-Austria.
Into yokufunda
Akumangazi ukuthi imisebenzi kaVasil Bykov ifakwe ngephunga lempi. Imicimbi kusukela ngo-1941 kuya ku-1945 yashiya umaki enhliziyweni yomlobi, eboniswa empilweni yakhe nenkumbulo. Izingcezu zenkumbulo ezigcwaliswe ekhanda leVasil Vladimirovich ngaso sonke isikhathi, ubufakazi balokhu bungasebenza njengencwadi ethi "Long Road Home", ebhalwe ngo-2002. Kwakufanele agcine igazi, indlala nokufa, okuhlala njalo iVitata emoyeni.
Kusukela ngo-1947, ngemuva kokuzala, izimpaphe ze-Master zazihlala eGrodno - idolobha, okubizwa ngokuthi yinhloko-dolobha yamasiko yaseBelarus. Ngasikhathi sinye, uVasil Vladimirovich waqala ukuphrinta, ngokufana ngokuhambisana nama-workshop ahlukahlukene kanye nasehhovisi lokuhlela ephephandabeni lendawo. Kusukela ngo-1959, i-Creative Biography yakhe iyaqala: UVasil Bykov uletha umsebenzi wabafundi umsebenzi we- "Crane Creek" enkantolo, kwathi ngo-1961, le ndaba "i-velit yokwebiwa kwamagama inkosi.
Lo msebenzi udonsa abathandi bezincwadi phakathi nesikhathi sempi nasezinhlelweni zabantu ezembulwa ngesikhathi sengozi efayo. Eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokukhishwa kwendaba, uMqondisi uRichard Viktorov ubeka ifilimu elifanayo emsebenzini, lapho izindima eziphambili zenziwa nguStanislav Lytishin, uGeorgy Zhzhev, uNadezhda Sembsova nabanye abadlali abadumile.
Ekwindla ka-1965, abafundi baqale bahlangana nomsebenzi "ofile", owawushicilela umagazini waseMaladosts. Indaba yendaba yenzeka ngo-1944 ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweKirovograd, lapho i-vasil vladimirovich ibamba iqhaza khona, noma ilimele ngokuphila, yize kubaluleke ngokuyisimangaliso ukuthi i-New Song yafakwa ngohlu lwezelwe njenge ushonile.
Ngo-1974, umlobi onekhono wanikezwa umklomelo we-USSR State Award ngemisebenzi ye-Obelisk (1971) nokuthi "ukuze aphile ekuntweleni kokusa" (1972). Ngo-1976, inganekwane ye-obelisk yaphazanyiswa nguMqondisi ofanayo - uRichard Viktorov. Kulokhu, izindima eziyinhloko zaya ku-Evgeny Karelian, u-Igor Oulupin, u-Eduard Martsevich kanye noValery Roste.
Ngokuvamile, kunemidwebo yefilimu engamashumi amabili esuselwa kwimisebenzi kaVasil Vladimirovich, ngokwesibonelo: "Ukukhuphuka" (1976), "Frusa" (1989), "hamba ungabuyi" (1992) , "ETuman" (2012), njll.
Ngo-1982, izinkunzi zaseVasil ziba nguMlobi wendaba 'kabhebhethekile enkingeni', esephenduke umsebenzi obalulekile ezincwadini zeSoviet Space. Kule ndalo, umbhali wanikezwa umklomelo ohlonishwayo waseLeninist. Futhi, izinkunzi zaziwa ngemisebenzi ye- "Centulties" (1970), "umsebenzi" (1985), "Ukuchofoza" (1988), "Wolot Yama" (1998), "Boloto" (1918) kanye nomsebenzi omkhulu omangalisayo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UVasil Vladimirovich wayeshade kabili. Umlobi wokuqala okhethiwe waba themba elithile uKalagin, owayefundisa isiRussia nezincwadi esikoleni. Ukuphila isikhathi eside ngokuhlangene, uNadezhda waletha isithandwa amadoda amabili.
Kepha ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu yomshado, imigwaqo kaKulagin kanye ne-Bykov yahlukaniswa, futhi igama elithi Wizard lashada ngokwesibili e-Irina Suvorova. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umlobi onethalente wayengesabi ukuveza umbono wakhe, ngokwesibonelo, uVasil Vladimirovich wagxeka kaninginingi ngezenzo zika-Alexander Lukashenko.
Ukushona
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-1997, izinkunzi zaseVasil zihlala phesheya: Ekuqaleni eFinland, bese eJalimane naseCzech Republic. Wafika emaphethelweni omdabu ngenyanga ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.
Umlobi Omkhulu noMlobi wemisebenzi yezempi yenkolo bafa ngoJuni 22, 2003 kusukela kumdlavuza wesisu. UVasil Vladimirovich ushonile eMnyangweni we-Oncological Hospitas eseduze nenhloko-dolobha yaseBelarus. Ithuna lobuhlakani bezincwadi litholakala emathuneni aseMpumalanga (Minsk).
I-Bibliography
- 1959 - "Crane Creek"
- Ngo-1963 - "Alpine Ballad"
- Ngo-1965 - "Abafile abalimazi"
- 1970 - "Sotnikov"
- 1971 - "Obelisk"
- 1972 - "I-CAIDER KUSUKU"
- 1978 - "Hamba ungabuyi"
- 1982 - "Badge of nkinga"
- 1986 - "Umsebenzi"
- 1992 - "Kumaqhude"
- 1996 - "Ngiyangithanda, Soldier ..."
- 1998 - "Krysa Shlyakh"
- 1999 - "Wolf Yama"
- 2001 - "Boloto"
- 2002 - "Ikhaya Elide Lasekhaya"