I-Biograge
U-Elena Exodinova (1939-2015) ungumculi odumile we-opera, oke wachitha eSoviet, futhi kamuva eyayisesha yaseshashalazini yaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe. Uhla lwe-Vocal lwamavoti abonisa igama elithi "mezzo-soprano". Iphinde yasebenza njengoMqondisi-Umqondisi Nabalingisi njenge-Opera kanye ne-Dramatic Orvation, bakhunjulwa njengomfundisi kanye noprofesa abasebenza eMoscow Conservatory.
Owesifazane wokudala wafundisa umculo eMusasino, eTokyo Music Academy. U-Elena Exodzova waba nomthelela ecaleni lomculo, esimisweni sakhe sakhe wasungula isikhwama esibhalisiwe, namuhla esiqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwabaculi kanye nokwenza ubuciko baseRussia.
Impilo ye-Opera yomculi ayizange ihlale inganakwa yilesi sikhulu futhi yaletha izihloko ezibalulekile. Izibonelo zifanelwe isihloko somculi wesintu we-USSR, lona wesifazane waphawulwa ngesihloko seqhawe lomsebenzi wezenhlalo ngemiyalo enikeziwe nama-diploma. Ngaphezu kwalezi zihloko, i-Vocalist yathola umklomelo weLeninist kanye nomklomelo wombuso we-RSFSR obizwa nge-Glinka.
Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Elena Exodzova wazalelwa enhlokodolobha esenyakatho. Usuku lokuzalwa lwentombazane luwela ngoJulayi 7, 1939. Intombazane yawa ngaphansi kwe-Leningrad yezempi. Ngo-1943, u-Elena nabazali bakhe wathutha ngesikhathi sokuphuma esifundeni saseVolgograd, edolobheni lase-Ustezhna. Ekupheleni kwempi, umndeni ubuyela ezweni lakubo. Kusukela ngo-1948 kuya ku-1954, uLena osemusha waqhakaza ithalente ekwayeni yezingane ehlelwe ngesisekelo seLeningrad Poland yamaphayona kaZeningrad amaphayona kaZeningrad eZeningrad of Zhdanov's amaphayona. Intombazane ngaphansi kokuholwa nguthisha waseZarinskaya yafundwa.
Ngo-1954, umndeni wathutha futhi. UPapa womculi wesikhathi esizayo, amasampula uVasily Aleksevich, anomsebenzi njengoMklami Oyinhloko. Le ndoda yomsebenzi inikele "i-boiler ebomvu", isitshalo esiseTaganRog. Abaphathi babuye baqokomisa umklami omusha wendawo yokuhlala ngaphakathi kwedolobha. Le ntombazane yazimisela enamba yesikole eliseduze nekhaya elisha. Ngifunde emakilasini amabili, intombazane yaqeda izifundo zakhe esigabeni semfundo ejwayelekile, yaya esikoleni soMculo esiqanjwe nge-Tchaikovsky. Le ntombazane yafunda esifundweni, yaqashwa nguKulikova Anna Timofeevna.
Inkulumo ebikayo yentombazane, enikezwe ekugcineni kokutadisha, ithande iMankovskaya, eyayisebenza ku-Directoros Music School. Owesifazane wanikeza isiqiniseko sokuthi isibuyekezo esidingekayo sokwamukelwa eLeningrad State Conservatory okuthiwa ngemuva kukaRimsky-Korsakov. U-Elena wathatha enkambweni yesibili, evumela ukugxuma ngaphezulu kwangaphambili. I-Vocalist ishaye iqembu leGrigorieva, futhi intombazane yabandakanyeka egameni le-Opera lapho uthisha waseKireyev.
Umculo nethiyetha
U-Elena Stage Biography waqala ngokunqoba okukhulu. Ngo-1962, le ntombazane yathola ukuqashelwa emncintiswaneni wama-vocalists we-All-Union Glinka, waba inkanyezi yomkhosi we-World Festival of the Youth kanye nabafundi eHelsinki.
Ngo-1963 vocalist ahlabelela okokuqala esiteji eBolshoi Theatre. Ngakho-ke kwadlula i-opera dut. Intombazane yenziwa kwi-Opera Authority of the Mussorgsky "Boris GodInov". U-Elena wahlabelela endimeni yomfazi we-fallmimiria, "indlovukazi yaseRussia" Marina Mnishek.
Ngo-1964, u-Elena waphothula ukutadisha. Umculi waqala ukusebenza njenge-diva eqinile ye-bolshoi theatre. Futhi ngo-1964, le ntombazane yangena kwizinhlaka ze-Bolshoi Theatre's Troupe ukunikeza okwenziwa nge-Opera eYurophu, lapho athola khona ukuqashelwa kwama-connoisseurs, ukuya endaweni yesehlakalo "ye-lacala" edumile eMilan.
Umculi waphuma nendima yesibili ye-Goliki, edlala e-Opera "Pica Lady" yombhali weTchaikovsky. Kepha intombazane ingadonsela ukunaka nokuvunywa kwababukeli base-Italy futhi ibe yinto oyithandayo yamaphephandaba endawo. Kamuva, isibonelo sasisanikela ngokuba khona kwe- "La Scala", kepha sahlabelela i-Aria yabaProtagonists abasemqoka kanye nabaphikisi abasebenza.
Ngo-1970, intombazane yanqoba emiqhudelwaneni emibili yemivimbo, umncintiswano ohlelwe ukuhlonipha iTchaikovsky eMoscow, naseMqhudelwaneni weVinyas, obanjelwe e-Barcelona.
Ngo-1975, inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini enesibonelo esichichimayo esichithwe amakhonsathi asemadolobheni aseMelika, lapho aqinisekisile khona isihloko sezinkanyezi ezikala umhlaba. Ngemuva kwama-vocalia we-ARIA eBoris GodInov, umphakathi wabangela u-Elena ukuba abe yi-BIS emugqeni amahlandla amahlanu, yingakho ukusebenza kuphazamisekile. U-Elena wafika eSan Francisco, lapho akhuluma khona noLuciano Pavarotti noJoan Sutherland.
Kusukela ngo-1976, ukukhiqizwa kwaqala eMetropolitan, lapho umculi avele khona njengenkanyezi yezivakashi ezindimeni eziphakeme. Ngo-1978, kwamenywa owesifazane ukuba ahlabelele uMkhosi owabanjelwe eSalzburg, ngo-1979 - emkhosini wamazwe omhlaba e-Orange.
Ngemuva konyaka, u-Elena waveza ukuthi kwenziwe "izingoma eziyishumi ezinkondlweni zika-Alexander Blok." I-Music ibhale umqambi uGeorge Sviridov ngqo ngezwi lesibonelo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, umculi wadlala uSantuzzi eKinocarthum "udumo lwasemakhaya" lombhali weDzheflimarelli.
Ngo-1983, kwaphinde kwenziwa izingoma ngomculo kaSviridov. U-Elena wethule ukwakheka enkonzweni ethi "Ukuphelelwa yithemba Russia", ebhalwe nguJenin, ehlelweni elilungele iMezzo-soprano.
Ngo-1986, izibonelo zika-Elena Vasilyevna zaxoshwa ngempumelelo njengomqondisi weshashalazi. Umculi wahola ukusebenza kwe-Opera Mass ebizwa ngokuthi yi-verester enkundleni yemidlalo yakwabo yaseBolshoi Theatre, futhi yathatha umdlalo oyinhloko ekudlaleni.
Umculi wafunga ukuba afunwa njengomlingisi wefilimu. U-Elena Exodzova udlale ezithombeni "uCarmen wami", "umfelokazi ojabulayo", "TOSCA". U-Elena Exodzova uqhubeke nokufeza i-aria yabalingiswa abaphambili ku-repertoire yasendulo yaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwabaqambi bekhulu lama-20.
I-repertoire yalo mculi ibalwa abaqambi abayikhulu ngokubhala kuyo yonke le minyaka eyi-18, e-19 nele-20. I-Opera lapho u-Elena adlalwa khona, futhi izingoma ezenziwa ngumculi zihlukaniswe yizitayela nezinhlobo: phakathi kwezingoma kwakukhona umculo we-opera negumbi, izingoma ze-cantatote, i-Operleys kanye nezingoma zesimanje , Zona, Izingoma ze-POP, izingoma ze-jazz.
Eminyakeni eyiNkulungwane entsha, izibonelo zika-Elena zavela phambi kwezilaleli njengomlingisi wohlobo olumangalisayo. U-Elena wafinyelela ezilalelini njengomlingiswa ophambili ekwakhiweni kwe- "Antonio von elba" ukuguqulwa kwesiteji semidlalo yasemayini. Isikweletu sidlula eTickyuk Theatre.
Ngo-2003, umjikelezo wamakhonsathi we-Singer ngezingxube ze-jazz waqala. U-Elena Vasilyevna wenziwa nge-orchestra ehole i-berger, futhi nge-buutman quartet.
Ngo-2007, umculi wenza njengenhloko yeqembu. Umculi waholwa yiqembu le-Opera elisebenza kwi-Mikhailovsky Theatre.
Ukufundisa
Ngo-1973 kwaba ukuqala kuka-Elena Elena umsebenzi we-petagogical. Umculi waqala ukufundisa abafundi baseMoscow State Conservatory okuthiwa ngemuva kweTchaikovsky. Ngo-1984, umdwebi wanikezwa isihloko sikaProfesa.
Ngesinye isikhathi, u-Elena Vasilyevna wafundisa umculo phesheya, eTokyo Music Academy, eMusasino.
NgoMeyi 2006, isibonelo saqala ukunikela ngesisa sasihlelela isikhungo samasiko, sabizwa ngokuthi uMdali.
NgoDisemba 2011, u-Elena Exodzova uqhubeke nalezi zibopho futhi wadala isisekelo sokupha ngomusa wobuciko bobuciko, obukheke futhi wathola udumo olubizwa ngokuthi "u-Elena Exetion Foundation".
Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi esemthethweni yenhlangano, izinhloso eziphambili zohanya stock - amaphrojekthi wezemfundo namasiko azofaka isandla ekulondolozeni amasiko ngokuhambisana nezindlela ezintsha ze-Russian Musical Education kanye nesiko kanye nokulondolozwa komculo wezwe Amagugu amasiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiKhwama sihlela amaphrojekthi aphesheya, imihlangano kanye nokubambisana: Ukudala, okufundisayo kanye nosizo.
Isisekelo sibeke phambili lo mbono futhi sihambisane nephrojekthi yokuvula i-International Academy of Music, futhi ibhekele uhlelo "izikole zomculo eziyikhulu zeRussia". Uhlelo lolu luqhuba ukwakhiwa kwezikole zomculo kanye ne-patronas ekhona. Uhlu lwezintshisekelo zesiKhwama lubandakanya ukusesha, ukuqeqeshwa, ukukhuthaza ubusha obunekhono nosizo oluhlelekile ku-pensionser-Veterans of the Theatre Work kanye ne-Opera Scene
Namuhla, isikhungo samasiko, kanye nesikhwama siyaqhubeka nokusebenza. Izinkulumo zihlelwe ngesisekelo sezinhlangano, kukhona okwenziwa kanye namakhonsathi, izingqungquthela, izikole zokudala zibanjwa, imincintiswano yomculo wamazwe omculo, amakhono amancane, alalele izifundo zeshashalazi yezingane.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umyeni womculi waba yi-vyacheslav petrovich makarov, ekwakhekeni kwesayensi yesayensi yesayensi yesayensi. UMakarov wabamba okuthunyelwe nguProfesa Wokuhlangana e-MSTU ogama lakhe lingu-Bauman. Umsebenzi wesayensi awuzange uvikele indoda ukuthi ihole umnotho. Indodakazi ka-Ana yazalwa emshadweni. Umyeni wami wahlanganyela entombazaneni. Indoda yalandela indlu yayilindela umfazi wokudala nohambo. Abaculi bomshado ne-physics bahlala iminyaka eyi-17 futhi baphela ngesehlukaniso.
Ngo-1988, u-Ana wazalelwa indodana u-Alexander, no-Elena Exodazov waba ugogo. Lapho-ke umculi wabonakala umzukulu ka-Elia.
Nendoda yesibili, u-Elena wahlangana esiteji. Umlingani womdwebi kwakuwumqhubi wethiyetha weBolshoi onezimpande zeLithuania of Algis Mazhelovich Jurajtis. Kepha ngo-1998, u-Algis washona esesifo esibulalayo. Umlingisi wangena ekucindezelekeni, wagwinya, wamisa umsebenzi wakhe. Empilweni ejwayelekile, amasampula abuyisiwe indodakazi, abangane, osebenza nabo.
Ukushona
U-2014 waletha inhlekelele, umlingisi uqobo wagula. U-Elena Exodlinova uthole i-leukemia. Lesi sifo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kwakuyimbangela yokufa kwabaculi. NgoNovemba, okuyisibonelo kwaya eYurophu futhi kwaphathwa emtholampilo waseLeipzig. Owesifazane uthole onikelayo, utshalwe kabusha amathambo. Ukuhlinzwa, nokho, akuzange kumsize umculi, isidumbu esibuthakathaka sowesifazane oneminyaka engu-75 senqabile ukulwa nalesi sifo, ngisho nosizo lwe-Donor Marnow.
Ngenxa yokugula, u-Elena wakhanselwa ikhonsathi evikelwe yisikhathi eside ka-December, okwakufanele iye embusweni we-Kremlin Palace. Izibonelo azisabuyeli eRussia. Lesi sifo saqina, ngasekupheleni kukaDisemba, abangane abathembekile bakaValentina Tereshkova noJoseph Kobzon beza kumculi noJoseph Kobzon, kwathi ngoJanuwari 12, 2015, washona eLeipzig.
Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, kwaqala ukuvalelisana ngobuningi eBolshoi Theatre, kwathi ngoJanuwari 15 - Umngcwabo eKhathedral KaKhadilika likaKristu uMsindisi. Usuku olufanayo selusuku lwase ntambama lapho umlingisi engcwatshwa. Ithuna lika-Elena Exena litholakala emathuneni eNovodevichy eMoscow.
Isiphetho sowesifazane onethalente sabonakaliswa ezincwadini. Mayelana nokuqamba, impilo nenkumbulo yomculi kubhalwe ezincwadini ze-biographical "Elena Exodzova. Amanothi endleleni ethi "Igunya uRena Sheiko no-" Elena Exodzova: Izwi kanye nekusasa lokugunyazwa kwabazali bakwa-Alexey.
Ukwakhelekile
- "Izingoma Eziyishumi Ngezinkondlo ze-Alexander Bloka"
- "Ukuphelelwa yithemba Russia"
Inhlangano
- Ukubala ("Peak Lady")
- ULyubashi ("uMlobokazi weTsarist")
- Konchakov ("Prince Igor")
- Maternity (Hvenshchina)
- UHelene Bezuhova ("Impi Nokuthula")
- I-Amneuris (AIDA)
- Frosy Kotko ("Semen Kotko")
- Azuna ("Trubadur")
- I-Eboli ("Don Carlos")
- UCarmen (Carmen)
- U-Ulrika ("Ball Masquerade")