I-Biograge
UFederico Fellini - Umqondisi Wefilimu wase-Italiya, umbhali we- "Road" ama-movie, "ayisishiyagalombili nesigamu", onqobayo wemiklomelo emihlanu ye-Oscar, okuseserekhondi ngokuphelele phakathi kwabaqondisi. I-classic eyaziwayo ye-cinema yomhlaba.
UFederico wazalwa ngoJanuwari 20, 1920 enkabeni yezothando uRiviera edolobheni lase-Italiya lase-Italy laseRandini. Batali Urbano Fellini no-Ida Barbiani bashada iminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuvela izibulo futhi bathuthela ogwini lwe-Adriatic lisuka enhlokodolobha yase-Italy. Ubaba wayehlanganyela ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla zabathengi. Ngo-1921 nango-1929, indodana yesibili kaRicardo nendodakazi kaMaria Maddalena nayo yazalwa.
Ngiseyingane, uFederico wayevame ukugula, udilizeke. Odokotela basola ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo yengane, kodwa isimo somfana sasijwayelekile. Lapho eneminyaka engu-7 ubudala, uFederico waya esikoleni esigodlweni sezindela e-FAO. I-fantasy ecebile yazibonakalisa eFellini esemncane: Umfana wayethanda ukusungula izindaba ezingajwayelekile, imaski yamabhubesi, ama-Doll, ukuthungwa kwamaqhawe amnandi wezingubo. Umbono omncane eFellini ukhiqize i-Corpus yabadwebi besekisi abafika kuhambo.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-17, uFederico waya kwaFlorence ukuthola imfundo yentatheli. Endaweni entsha, le nsizwa yathola umsebenzi nguMdali wama-caricature e-Publiship House of Demos Bonnini "Feobo". Imali encane yanele ukondla, ngaphandle kokuguqukela kusizo lwabazali. Ngemuva konyaka, uFellini uya eRoma, lapho ahlale khona endaweni yabampofu.
Igumbi loMqondisi wesikhathi esizayo lisekota, lapho amaShayina ahlala khona ngenjabulo emigwaqweni yenhloko-dolobha, izigebengu ezincane namantombazane aziphatha kalula. Noma kunjalo, le nsizwa yasindisa ikhono lokudweba ama-caricature aphezulu ahlekisayo, ajabulela impumelelo yabafundi bamaphephandaba. Ngokuhleleka kwalomculi i-Aldo Fabrity, intatheli encane yabhala imibhalo yemibono. UFellini nomsebenzi awuzange ushaywe ngumbhalo wemibhalo, kanye noMdali wamaphosta wokukhangisa nemibhalo yeziteshi zomsakazo.
URome Fellini ungene kwi-Faculty of Facilty of National University ikakhulukazi ukuthola ukubambezeleka kwenkonzo ebuthweni lamashiqela omashiqela ase-Italian. Kusukela ngo-1938, ama-Essays ahlekisayo aqala ukushicilela ekushicilelweni kwe-Mark Arellium, okuqukethwe kwawo kwakungu-Anti-Fascist. Kusukela ngo-1942, ikhathuni encane isebenza emibhalweni ye-movie.
Amafilimu
Maphakathi ne-Fellini, uhlangana ngengozi uMqondisi uRoberto Rosselini, omema umlobi ukuthi ahlanganyele ekwakhiweni kweDrama Yezempi "eRoma, idolobha elingaphandle". Nge-Filmceneuria ngo-1946, uFellini okokuqala ngqa empilweni uqokelwe ku-Oscar, futhi abagxeki bakhuluma ekwakhiweni kwezitayela ze-neorealism. Ngawo lowo nyaka, umsebenzi wesibili weFellini-scriptar, ifilimu elithi "Payza" ("yezwe") iza kwizikrini. Futhi futhi isithombe siwela ekuphakanyisweni kwe- "Oscar" ngesimo esihle kakhulu.
Ngo-1950, uFederico uxazululwa ekwakhiweni kwefilimu lakhe "amalambu ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene" nge-Al-Author Alberto Lattia. Njengoba ubhale umbhalo wesithombe esilandelayo "Shiye Sheikh", uFederico waphoqeleka ukuba asuse yena, njengoba uMqondisi u-Antonione wenqaba ukusebenza kwifilimu. UKinokaarttina akazange athole impumelelo efanelekile phakathi kwezilaleli, kepha kuleli filimu Fellini liqala ukubambisana kwesikhathi eside ngeComposer Nino Rota.
Ngemuva kokupenda "amadodana kaMamaniki", owathola umklomelo "webhubesi lesiliva" eVenice Festival, kanye nesiqephu "uBaba" ovela ku-Filmalman "Uthando Emzini" ngo-1954, uFellini uqala ukusebenza kwidrama "Road". Umbhalo wabhalwa emuva ngo-1949. Endimeni yentombazane eyi-rustic, uJelson nomngani wakhe, uDzampano Fellini, abenze abalingisi uJuliet Mazin no-Anthony Quinna. Le filimu yaletha izidalwa eziningi zemikhosi yefilimu yamazwe omhlaba, kufaka phakathi i-oscar yokuqala ekuphakanyisweni ifilimu langaphandle elingcono kakhulu, kanye nemali engenayo enhle ngemuva kokugoqwa.
Ngo-1955, "amateyipu" okukhwabanisa "noBroderiki Crawford, uRichard Beishart noJuliet Mazine ezindimeni eziholayo. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, umqondisi uthokozisa izilaleli ngobungcweti obuseduze "ubusuku bekhabethe" mayelana nentombazane yokuziphatha okukhanyayo, eyayithembele kakhulu futhi yakhohliswa kulokho okuthandekayo. Umqondisi uthola u-Oscar kanye neGolden Palm Branch of the Cannes Film Festival, kanye nomenzi weqhaza eliholayo likaJuliet Manzi liba ngumlingisi omuhle kakhulu.
Ngo-1960, amafilimu kaFellini agcwaliswa nge-satirical tragicomedy "impilo emnandi" noMarcello Mastroanni endimeni eholayo. Lesi sithombe sitshela impilo yoMphakathi kaMarcello Rublini, ongakwazanga ukuthola okushiwo impilo yakhe, wathola u-Oscar ngomsebenzi wezingubo kanye nokuphakanyiswa okuningana komklomelo weBafta. Kwakungemva kwalomshayeli wefilimu ukuthi igama elithi "Paparazzi" lalifakiwe ukuhlonipha iqhawe elinelukuluku futhi elithandekayo - intatheli yepharappso.
Ngo-1963, iPremiene Feldome Fellini "eyisishiyagalombili nesigamu" ibanjelwe eMoscow Film Festival, ifilimu, ethonywe ngokuyisisekelo yi-cinema yekhulu le-XX. Isakhiwo, esakhelwe ngendlela yokwazi, sasisetshenziswa ngama-cinematographys amazwe ahlukene: A. Tarkovsky, v. abdrashiteov, P. Grusueem, T. Kitano. Le filimu yaletha umlobi we-oscar yesithathu ekuphakanyisweni "kwefilimu langaphandle elihamba phambili".
Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-60s, uFellini udala amafilimu ngokuthi "uJuliet noPutfume", "Idayari yoMqondisi", "Izinyathelo Ezintathu eBreda". Ngo-1969, i-rome Feldiable-Maze Fellini ", evunyelwe ngumuzwa weholide kanye nomkhosi, lapho uMqondisi awuthole khona umklomelo weGolide Globe genenke. Ngemuva konyaka, ngesihloko esifanayo, uFellini ususa ifilimu lethelevishini "imichilo".
Ngo-1973, umqondisi ifilimu kudala idrama kwakhe "Amarkord" yakhiwa esiqintini okuyinto uhlobo Kaleidoscope futhi libhekisela ababukeli ogwini Adriatic we 30s kwekhulu lama-20. Lesi sithombe sathola i-statuette yesine "u-Oscar" kuMdali wakhe. Ku-1976 film "KaZazanova Fedoco Fellini", indima enkulu yenziwa nguDonald Sutherland. Kule filimu, le ndaba ivela ebusweni bomthandi wamaqhawe adala, okhumbula uchungechunge lwezinkomba zakhe.
Ngo-1979, iribhoni elithi "Ukuvuselela i-Orchestra" liyaphuma, lapho umqondisi enze khona umgomo weshashalazi waseshashalazini wobumbano lwesikhathi, indawo nesenzo. Umsebenzi esithombeni uthathe amasonto ama-3 kuphela. Kuma-80s, uFellini udala amafilimu amaningi - "idolobha labesifazane", "futhi umkhumbi wasolwandle ...", "uGinger noFred", "inhlolokhono yenyanga" - ngezihloko eziphakanyisiwe ekuqaleni futhi isikhathi esivuthiwe se-biography ye-Creative Biography.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1943, ukusebenza njengombhali we-Screen emsakazweni, uFellini wadala ukudluliselwa kwenkundla okuningana mayelana nothando lwamaqhawe amabili - i-chico ne-polina. Esimweni esikhona, umbhali wanquma ukususa inguqulo ese-on-isikrini somkhiqizo, owameme umlingisi weminyaka engama-22 womdlalo weshashalathi womfundi uJulia Anna Mazn. URoman waqala phakathi kwabantu abasha, usuvele ekwindla, uJulia waba ngumkakhe uFederico. Ngokwesicelo somkhwenyana, le ntombazane yashintsha igama elithile kuJuliet Mazin. Ngokushesha nje emva komshado, umlingisi wakhulelwa, kepha, ngokuxakile ukuwa ezitebhisini, alahlekelwe yingane.
Ukukhulelwa kwesibili kukaJuliet kwaphela ngokuphepha. Umfana owanikeza igama likaFederico, kodwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili usana olusanda kuzalwa lwafa. UJuliet akakaze akwazi ukuba ngumama ophezulu.
Ngenxa yeziphakamiso zomuntu oshade naye ngokwamukelwa komlingisi ziphendule ukwenqaba, ngoba ebheka amafilimu adalwe kanye neFederico. UFellini uboshelwe kumlingani wakhe futhi wabheka uJuliet muse wakhe. UMazina wayehlala esondele kuMqondisi osendaweni, noma ngabe akazange adlale kwifilimu.
Ukushona
Entwasahlobo yokuqala ka-1993, uFederico Fellini wanikezwa u-Oscar ngegalelo lakhe e-cinema. UChet Fellini wasondela eminyakeni engama-50 yomshado, owayehlelelwe ukuba ukugujwa ngo-Okthoba 30. Ngo-Okthoba 15, umqondisi wagula, odokotela abaphumeleli bathola unhlangothi. UFederico Fellini ubekwe esibhedlela, kepha isimo somqondisi asithuthukanga, kwathi ngo-Okthoba 31, iMaesto yafa.
Ngosuku lomngcwabo we-Fellini, inhlangano yezokuthutha enhlokodolobha yase-Italy imisiwe. Ukudonswa kwebhokisi lebhokisi lomqondisi kulokhu kuvela enkabeni yeRoma kuya ethuneni lomndeni kaFellini eRimini. UJuliet Mazina wayengaphili futhi. Abalingisi bathuthukisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu, okwadala ukuthi afe ekupheleni kukaMashi 1994. Umlingisi wangcwatshwa ngesithombe somlingani ezandleni zakhe esicelweni sakhe sokuzibulala.
Ngokukhumbula umqondisi eRimini, kwavulwa imnyuziyamu, lapho kukhona izinto, izincwadi, amadokhumenti nezithombe ezivela kumlando womndeni weMaestro. Isikhumulo sezindiza somuzi wendabuko siphinde sabizwa ngeDoderimoro Fellini.
Izics
- "I-White Sheikh" - 1952
- "Amadodana KaMamenkun" - 1953
- "Umgwaqo" - 1954
- "Ubusuku beCabiria" - 1957
- "Impilo emnandi" - 1960
- "Isishiyagalombili nesigamu" - 1963
- "UJuliet noPerfume" - 1965
- "I-Satirikon Fellini" - 1969
- "Amarcord" - 1973
- "I-Kazanova Federico Fellini" - 1976
- "Ukuzilolonga i-Orchestra" - 1978
- "Idolobha labesifazane" - 1980
- "Futhi umkhumbi usikebhe ..." - 1983
- "Ingxoxo" - 1987
- "Amaphimbo enyanga" - 1990