I-Biograge
USarah Bernard uyi-French Theatre Actress, inganekwane yezwe lesehlakalo, eyokuqala yomlingisi wefilimu. Ukuhlonipha uSara Bernard, i-crater eVenet venus, izinhlobonhlobo ze-peony egcwele ubisi. Inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yesigameko seshashalazi yazalwa ngo-Okthoba 22, 1844 eParis yathola igama likaHenriettt Rosin Bernard ngokuzalwa. Umama wentombazane kwakunguJustith Bernard, indodakazi yomthengisi waseDashi uMoritz Barnuch Bernardta, umJuda ovela kulo.
Isinqumo sasebusheni bakhe sasebenza umodist e-Amsterdam, nangemva kokuthuthela eParis kwaba okuqukethwe. Igama likababa wentombazane alaziwa. Kweminye imithombo, isikhulu seFrench Freet Paul Morel sikhonjisiwe, kwabanye - ummeli u-Eduard Bernard. UHenriettt omncane wacishe wathunyelwa ngokushesha eBrittany emaphethelweni eNanny. Ngemuva kwengozi, lapho le ntombazane yashisa khona amalahle ashisayo avela endaweni yomlilo, umama wakhe wamyisa eParis. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili, le ntombazane yanqunywa nguMadame Fresard, lapho afunda khona ukubhala, waya e-Theatre Circle.
Ngo-1953, uSarah wangena omkhulu gymnasium. Ebusheni bakhe uSara Sarah Bernard wabukeka mncane kakhulu, ngenxa yokukhwehlela unomphela, odokotela bathatha isifo sofuba entombazaneni okwakufanele baholele ekufeni kwasekuseni. Hhayi ukubikezela kukaSara okunengqondo kwancenga ukuthi umama amthenge ibhokisi le-rosewood, eyaba indawo yakhe yokulala kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe. Ukuhlaselwa unomphela kukaSara Bernard kwaphoqa i-Judith ngemicabango yokuthi le ntombazane kwakuyisikhathi sokushada. Isiphakamiso sikaMama uHenriette samemezela isifiso sokuzinikela kuNkulunkulu.
Lesi sigameko sasibukeka singokomzwelo ukuthi uMama Countre uDe Morney wayekhona engxoxweni, uNapoleon III, futhi elulekwa ukuthi anikeze le ntombazane eConservatory, lapho bafundisa khona. Ngaphambi kokulalela, uSara Bernard wathatha izifundo eziningana eqinisweni lezinkulumo ezivela kumlobi uDumas-Senior, owazisa ngokushesha yonke ingcebo yenkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo. Ngo-1857, uHenriette wangena esikoleni esimangazayo seParis Conservatory, aphothula iminyaka emihlanu ubudala, esethole indawo yesibili yokuthola iziqu phakathi koMNyakatho wonyaka.
Ithiyeta
NgoSepthemba 1, 1862, i-Theatre Remion of Accmsses oneminyaka engu-18 ubudala endaweni yesehlakalo se-The "Comedi Francesusez" Thebe. USarah uvele phambi komphakathi endimeni eholayo yokudlala kukaJean Rasin "Iphigenia e-AVLude". Inkulumo yokuqala yomlingisi ayizange ivimbelele izilaleli kanye nabagxeki eshashalazini. Njengomqondisi wethiyetha yaseshashalazini ebikade, le ntombazane yancipha kakhulu, okuwukuphela kwazo kwakuyizinwele zegolide nezwi elihle.
Endlini kaMoliere, umlingisi osemusha wakhuluma hhayi isikhathi eside, maduze nje, waxoshwa ngenxa yengxabano nomlingisi oholayo wethimba lethiyeli laseshashalazini madame Natalie. Ngemuva kokunakekelwa, le ntombazane yathuthela isikhashana eBelgium. USara waba nethuba lokungena ezinyathelweni zikanina futhi abe yisihenqo, kepha intombazane yakhetha indawo.
Isikhathi esithile, uHenriette waphazanyiswa izindima zesibili ezinkundleni zemidlalo yeshashalazi "Zhimnaz" ne- "Port Saint-Martin". Ngo-1966, uSarah wangena eTroupe of "Oden", lapho athola khona iqhaza lamaqhawe amancane ukusuka ekudlaleni kwe-repertoire yakudala - Wedry, Andromakhe, iZaire. Ngemuva kwendima ye-Cordelia e "King Lira", umphakathi okokuqala wadonsela ukunaka kumlingisi. Umlingisi wendawo yokufa ye-heroine waphumelela kakhulu. Ama-Spouctors abukwayo isikhathi ngasinye ahambisana nezigcawu zokugcina, lapho abalingiswa bakaSara Bernard bebefa khona, uMargarita Gauthier, Cleopatra, adrienne Lekewer, uJeanne D'MKH.
Ngo-1869, uSarah Bernard uvela okokuqala esiteji endimeni yamadoda medentioner zase-zavero ku-to "pale" francois Copp, ekhiqiza i-furor phakathi kwabathandi be-actress. Kamuva, umlingisi waphinde waphindukuzalwa eDuichstadt kusuka ekudlaleni okungaziwa naku- "Orcenka" kaRostan, kanye naseLorenzacho kusuka kuMussus. Indima kaGamlet Sara Bernard edlalwa eminyakeni engama-53.
Ngo-1870, lapho iFrance ehola impi noPrussia, uSarah Bernard akazange ashiye ukusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo "i-Odeon" njengesibhedlela esilimele. Umlingisi ngokwawo wayengudadewabo wesihe ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukubuya ngo-1872 uSara esiteji endimeni yeNdlovukazi eRyui Blaze, uViktor Hugo, wabingelelwa ngumphakathi odumo olukhulu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ithiyetha "Comedi Frances" waphakamisa uSarah ukuba aqale ukusebenzisana. I-repertoire yomlingisi e-moliere yaseshashalazini ikakhulukazi yayiqukethe izinhlekelele ze-rasin ne-voltaire kanye nesigubhu viktor Hugo. Ngo-1880, uSarah Bernard wahamba okwesibili ngokuthi "ama-comedi frances" waya kuhambo lokuqala olukhulu eMelika nge-troupe yakhe. USarah Bernard wahlangana kakhulu. Umlingisi wahamba kulo lonke elaseYurophu, amahlandla ayisishiyagalolunye avakashela e-United States, eRussia Bernard evakashele ngo-1881, 1898 no-1908. Umlingisi uvakashele i-Mikhailovsky Theatre, eMoscow, eKiev, u-Odessa neKharkov.
ESt. Petersburg, umlingisi wavakashela umbusi u-Alexander III, wajwayelana no-Ivan Turgenev, uPrince Sergei Volkonsky, Anton Chekhov, konstantin Stanislavsky. ELondon, eBernaddovskaya "Ferra" kwakusetshenziswa empumelelweni ethile, lapho umlingisi ahlangana khona ngo-1879. Uhambo lwenkanyezi yeshashalazi lubangelwa injabulo engakaze ibonwe phakathi kwabakhileyo eNew York, izilaleli bezingazange zidideze ngisho nesithiyo solimi. Izimemezelo zezinkulumo zeFrancekazi zihlala ziphrinta kumabhendi okuqala okuhlelwa okuholayo. Ngo-1891, uSarah Bernard wahambela imidlalo e-Australia.
ERussia, uSarah Bernard wabizwa ngokuthi "uNapoleon esiketi", eFrance, wabheka uJeanne D'MKna wesibili. EMelika, ezinye izinhlangano zomphakathi zikhashele igama le-Hula Actress, likubiza ngokuthi "ukuhlasela inyoka emnandi, sigxile eBabiloni laseFrance." Ukuhlonipha uSara Bernard, amakha, insipho, amagilavu, kudalwe i-powder. Imali yokunemba yayingacabangi, kepha uSara wayisebenzisa imali eningi ngenxa yokupha. Ngo-1904, wahlela uhambo no-Enrico Caruso ukusiza amasosha aseRussia athola ukulimala ngesikhathi sempi yaseRussia - yaseJapan.
KuSara Bernard, oPosoparidies adala izindawo zenhlekelele. UVictoriene Sarda ubhale usebenzela isigameko "FODOR" (1882), "Floria Tosca" (1887), "Caldong" (1903). U-Edmond Rostan wadala imidlalo emithathu, eyafika eReptoire kaSara Bernard, - "Princess of Gossa!" (1895), "Orlenok" (1900), "Samarita" (1897). D. UMerell wadala idrama "ehleka uLangsum", uSara Bernar uqobo waba ngumlingiswa ophambili.
Ngo-1893, umlingisi uvule i-Renaissance Theatre, ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu - "uNacon" Theatre, esigabeni sokuthi i-Premiee ngokudlala i-Play Sarda "Floria Tosca" yenzeka ngayo. Ngo-1900, uSara Bernard wabekwa inkanyezi kwelinye lamafilimu okuqala athule, edlala endaweni yesehlakalo "Delele Hamlet". Umlingisi uvele emafilimini amaningana, athandwa kakhulu yilokho okwaba ama-movie ka-1912 "Inkosikazi eno-Camellias" kanye "neNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth", lapho umlingisi anikezwa izinkanyezi eHollywood "Alley of Inkazimulo."
Umlingisi unamamodeli angaphezu kwesisodwa sokuba yimodeli ye-mastic-shroud, iBiltin, uGeorge Claire, uGandara, ama-Photo Actreste aphindaphindwayo. Umsunguli wokugeleza kwezobuciko "AR Nouveau", iCzech Illustrator Alphonses Muha waba ngumlobi wenqwaba yamaphosta wokukhangisa we-SADARD BARDArd.
Ngo-1905, phakathi nohambo eBrazil, umlingisi walimaza umlenze wakhe, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 umlenze kwadingeka ukuthi anqunywe. Ukulimala ngokomzimba akuzange kwephule uSara Bernard, akazange ashiye imisebenzi emnandi. Umlingisi uqhubeke nokuvela emisebenzini eyintandokazi: "Intokazi enoCamellias" Sarah wadlala ukuhlala futhi elele embhedeni. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe I, uBernard wasebenza njengengxenye yeqembu elingaphambili, lapho umyalo weLegion ohlonishwayo wahlonishwa khona.
Ngaphezu kwenkundla yemidlalo yaseSarah Bernard, wayethanda ukudala imifanekiso, ubuhlakani obukholwayo. Ukusuka ngaphansi kwepeni, umlingisi washicilelwa ezincwadini "Memoirs of Sihlalo esisodwa", "Impilo yami ephindwe kabili", lapho uSarah Bernard echaza izehlakalo ze-biography yakhe, kanye nemidlalo eminingana. Ngokusho kwenye yezinganekwane ezihambisana nempilo yomlingisi, uSara Bernard eneminyaka engama-70 wabulala indima kaJuliet ekudlaleni kukaWilliam Shakespeare, kepha iqiniso aliqinisekiswa yimithombo esemthethweni yolwazi.
Abalingisi be-Creative Career Bheke ngo-1922, ngaphambi nje kokushona kukaSara Bernard.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
USara Bernard wafihla izehlakalo zempilo yakhe yangasese evela emphakathini. Kepha abantu besikhathi esibangelwe yi-Actress Lovelines amaningi, kubandakanya nabamele ubukhosi baseYurophu. Ngo-1864, ukuba seBelgium, uSarah Bernard wabeletha indodana kaMaurice. Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, ubaba womfana kwakunguNkosana uHenry De, owayefuna ukwenza umlingisi anikele, kodwa wehluleka ukuphikisana nentando yezihlobo.
Ngemuva kwegebe elinoHenry Sarah libuyele eParis, lapho kwalandelwa khona amanoveli nozakwabo kwi-workshop philip uGarnier, uPierre Bion-Sully, Jean Moon-weSully. Ekuqaleni kwama-80s, ukuvakasha eSt.
Naphezu kothando olungafanele, inyunyana yahlukana ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Inoveli elandelayo ye-Ostig Actress eminyakeni engama-66. Ukhethwe nguMlingisi waseMelika uLou velegel, owayenguMncane uSara Bernard cishe kabili. Ubudlelwano busungulwa cishe iminyaka emine.
Ukushona
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-1922, umlingisi waqala ukwenqaba izinso. Lesi sifo saphenduka saphulukiswa. Ngo-Mashi 26, 1923, uSara Bernard ushone efulethini laseParis ku-malezers Boulevard.
Umngcwabo womngcwabo wenzeka emkhathini onesizotha, ibhokisi lomzimba lomlingisi laliphatha abalingisi abahle kakhulu bemidlalo yaseshashalazini, futhi indlela emathuneni yakubo bonke e-lashellias yayimbozwe ngamaCamellias. Umhlangano wokuvalelisa ubambe abantu abayizinkulungwane eziningana.
Izics
- Ngo-1900 - "Duel Hamlet"
- Ngo-1912 - "Queen Elizabeth"
- Ngo-1912 - "Intokazi ngeCamellias"
- 1913 - "Adriana Lekupreère"
- 1915 - "UZhanna Dore"
- 1915 - "Umdansi"
- Ngo-1917 - "Omama baseFrance"
- 1923 - "Ukukhangayo"