I-Biograge
UMichelangelo Da Caravaggio ungumculi wase-Italy odumile, umbhali wemidwebo yenkolo. Kaningi wadonsa izinsizwa. Imisebenzi yombhali iyakhonjiswa ngemibukiso engcono kakhulu yomhlaba - Uffizi, uHermitage, Metropolitan Museum, uLouvre, Prado.Ubuntwana nentsha
Kokunye kwamakhona e-Italy, umculi wesikhathi esizayo uMichelangelo Merisi da Caravaghio wazalwa ngaphansi kweLombardy ngo-1571. Abaphenyi abakwazanga ukuthola indawo eqondile kanye nosuku lokuzalwa, futhi izinkomba ezibhalwe phansi zazingagcinwa. Mhlawumbe uMdali wazalwa eMilan noma eduze kwakhe - eCaravaggio.
UMichelangelo waba yindodana endala emndenini kagesi. Umculi wayenabafowethu abathathu nodadewethu omncane. UCaravaggio wayengaphili kahle, njengoba uBaba enomfundo amnandi nezemfundo.
Eminyakeni emihlanu ngemuva kokuzalwa kukaCaravaggio, isigubhu esidabukisayo saqala eMilan. Kungenzeka ukuthi uvikele ukutheleleka kuphela ngosizo lokuthuthela kwelinye idolobha. Kepha akusizanga. Ngemuva konyaka, ngemuva kokugula isikhathi eside, inhloko yomndeni iyafa. Lesi sikhathi seCaravaggio sasingelula.
E-biography yomculi amabala amaningi amhlophe. Idatha eminyakeni eyi-8 yokuphila uMichelangelo ngemuva kokushona kukababa kwakunguKanalu empukane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi insizwa eneminyaka eyi-1584 yayofunda neMilancens Simone Petersano. Ngemuva kokudlula esifundweni, uCaravaggio kwadingeka anikeze isihloko somculi, kepha ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kwaleli qiniso akugcinwanga.
Ngo-1592, uCaravaggio washayisana nokuhlolwa okusha - ukulahlekelwa ngumama. Ifa lahlukaniswa izingxenye ezilinganayo phakathi kwezingane. Ngenxa yale mali, uMichelangelo wakwazi ukuya eRoma. Umculi wezwa indoda enomlingiswa onzima, ihlala ihileleka ekulweni, yaya ejele.
Ukupenda
Iminyaka yokuqala yokuphila eRoma yayingelula ngeCaravaggio. Umdwebi osemncane onobunzima bangathola ukudla nezindlu, kepha inhlanhla yaphendukela kuye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umdwebi uCesari D'Arino wamukela uMichelangelo eposini lomsizi endaweni yokusebenzela. Kuze kube manje, uMdali ongaziwa adalwe asaphila emibhalweni ye-D'Arepino. Ngenkathi usebenza emhlanganweni wokusebenzela, umbhali udala imisebenzi "umfana ngebhasikidi yezithelo" kanye ne "Isiguli esincane".
Ngokushesha uKhafalinal Francesco Maria deel Monte waba ngumvikeli weCaravaggio. Umculi wathola ukufinyelela emphakathini wokudala waseRoma. Ekujabuleni, uMichelangelo wanikeza uKhadinali isithombe sakhe esibhaliwe se- "Izithelo Basket", bese kuthi eminye imisebenzi embalwa - "Umbiko" no "Vakh".
Ngalesi sikhathi, kusebenza ezimbalwa faka uhlu lwamagugu omhlaba avela ngaphansi kwebhulashi karavago. Lokhu "kungumkhululi wenhlanhla", "onqobayo", "Narcissa". Amehlo omculi avela izinkomba ezintsha - "Hlanza" namanje impilo kanye ne- "adventurarism" ekupendweni. Abalandeli bakaMichelangelo babevame ukuzisebenzisa emisebenzini.
UCaravaggio uvame ukubuyela ezihlokweni zenkolo. Kusukela emisebenzini yokuqala ungabela "u-Marfa oNgcwele ukhuluma noMaria Magdalina", "ungcwele uMarianina Alexandria", "uJudith no-Orifenene", "amaholide eGibhithe", "Abrahama Ukuzidela ".
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI, uCaravaggio wabhala imijikelezo emibili yemidwebo ekhuluma ngempilo yabaphostoli. Eminye imisebenzi yadluliselwa esontweni laseSan Luigi dei Francise, etholakala eRoma. Le midwebo inikelwe kumphostoli uMathewu. Imisebenzi emibili ifinyelele kulolu suku - "Ukufelwa ngumfelokiswathwa umphostoli uMathewu" kanye "nokwenza umphostoli uMathewu".
Ama-capella amabili eSontweni LaseSanta Maria del Popolo eRoma nawo ahlotshiswe ngemisebenzi yeCaravaggio. Lapha babetholakala "ukubethelwa komphostoli uPeter" kanye nesikhalo sikaSavla. " Ukubambisana nezindlu zenkolo kwahlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Kakade ngekhulu le-XVII, imidwebo "ebhokisini", "Madonna Di Loreto" kanye "nokucabanga kukaMariya" kwavela. Imisebenzi yayitholakala emasontweni aseSant Agostino neSanta Maria-In-Valetella.
Iminyaka embalwa edlule yempilo uMichelangelo Caravaggio wazulazula, ezama ukugwema isijeziso. Ngamagama okudala, le nkathi yayicebe kwabasebenza ngobuciko. Ngalesi sikhathi, uCaravaggio wavela imidwebo ye-altare "Madonna Rosary", "Isimemezelo Somusa Wesikhombisa", "uBakeling kaKristu". Umdwebi wabo wabhala eNaples.
Ukuba seMalta, uCaravaggio wadala "uJerome Jerome" kanye "nesimo sekhanda likaJohane uMbhapathizi." ESicily, kusukela ngaphansi kwebhulashi laseMaestro, "ukungcwatshwa kokubekwa okungcwele", "ukuvuswa kukaLazaru", "ukukhulekelwa kwezihlalu". Lapho kushona ilanga lokuphila, uMichelangelo ubhala isithombe esithi "UDavid ekhanda likaGoliyati". Cishe umsebenzi umfanekiso we-self.
E-London National Gallery, omunye wemisebenzi yokuqala yomculi uvezwa njengamanje - "umfana, oboshwe nge-lizard." Umbhali wabhala isithombe ezinguqulweni ezimbili. Izazi-mlando zobuciko zisaphikisana nokuthi ngubani oboniswa ku-canvas. Kunezinguqulo ezimbili: i-caravaggio ethandekayo noma i-maestro uqobo.
Kugalari kaDoria Pamfili kunomunye umsebenzi wokuqala womdwebi - "Running Marina Magdalene." Lesi yisithombe esingandile lapho intombazane encane ivezwa khona. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kukaCaravaggio kukhokhelwe imininingwane: Phansi esikhundleni sokuhlobisa, kuyindlela enesiphuzo, amaphethini egqoke izingubo.
E-Uffiza, ungabheka umsebenzi othokozisayo waseMichelangelo. Isithombe esithi "Medusa" senziwe nge-canvas engaphansi kokhuni. Lokhu kudalwa kwadalelwa ngqo i-Cardinal Francesco del Monte, eyafuna ukwenza isipho se-Ferdinand I, Great Duke Tuscan.
Lesi sithombe esithi "John The Baptist" sisesitokisini eTedalsky Cathedral. Insizwa encane iboniswe kwi-canvas. Kunamahemuhemu amaningi azungeze lo msebenzi. Izazi-mlando zobuciko zikholelwa ukuthi ukuhola kungaba ngomunye wabalandeli beCaravaggio. Abanye bathi lesi sithombe sabhalwa nguMichelangelo ngqo nge-abbot yesibhedlela senduduzo.
Kugalari kazwelonke yase-Ireland, isithombe esithi "Ukuqabula uJuda" siyathunyelwa. Umsebenzi ususelwa ekuhanjisweni kweCaravagGio ngezinsuku zokugcina zokuphila kukaJesu Kristu. Indaba ehlambalazayo ixhunyiwe nale web. Kwavela ukuthi ikhophi lalesi sithombe lalimelelwa e-Odessa, elalibiwe kamuva. Ngaleso sikhathi, okwangempela kuse-Ireland kuze kube namuhla.
Kugalari yeBorghese, e-Rome, ungajwayelana nomsebenzi owodwa uMichelangelo Caravaggio - "Madonna nengane neSt Anna". Abesifazane ababili nengane bethulwa kwi-canvas. Izithombe zemidwebo eminingi yeCaravaggio zibekwa kuma-albhamu akhethekile anikezelwe kubuciko bomhlaba.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UMichelangelo Caravaggio wayengashadanga. Ngasikhathi sinye, le ndoda yathanda ukudweba abafana abanqunu, hhayi abesifazane. Lokhu kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi abaningi baqala ukubiza umculi kubamele ukuqondiswa okungewona okwendabuko. Futhi ngekhulu le-XX, uCaravaggio wabizwa nangezithonjana zesitabane. Ubufakazi obusemthethweni baleliqiniso alikakatholwa.
Ngo-1986, ngabona ukukhanya kwefilimu ethi "Caravaggio", lapho atshela khona mayelana nokuqonda okungenazocansi okungajwayelekile kukaMichelangelo. Umculi othandekayo wadlala umlingisi waseBrithani uSean Bean. Le yindima yakhe yokuqala yalolu hlobo.
Ukushona
E-Italy, uMichelangelo Caravaggio waziwa ngobuhlakani, okwabangela izingxabano eziningi kanye namahlazo emphakathini. Ngeshwa, akagcini nje ngokudambisa ukuguqulwa, kodwa futhi ngokuziphatha. U-Violerator uhlala ubugebengu ubugebengu umthetho futhi wawuseduze nokuboshwa. UCaravaggio wayengenalo imvume yokuphatha izikhali ezibandayo, kepha umculi akazange ame.
UMichelangelo waphonsa ugqoko esifundeni, waphula ingilazi endlini yomunye umuntu. Bekhathele onogada, ngakho umculi waboshwa ejele. Futhi ngo-1606 kwabulala owesilisa. Inhlekelele yenzeka ngenkathi idlala ibhola. Ukuze ungabi semuva, uCaravaggio wabaleka. Iminyaka engu-4 eyedlule yokuphila, umbhali webuciko bomhlaba wachitha ekudingisweni.
UMichelangelo wanethemba lokuxolelwa, ngakho-ke wayecashe eduze kwaseRoma, kodwa kamuva waya eNaples. Ubese-Malta Travel Uhlu. Esiqhingini salo mculi esinikezelwe kuma-knights for amahle phambi kwe-oda laseMalta. Kepha futhi wakhombisa uhlamvu olungavikelekile futhi wangena empini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphikisi kaCaravaggio waba ngumeluleki osezingeni eliphakeme ngokulandelana. Ngokushesha umculi wakwazi ukuphunyula ejele ngeSicily.
Ingozi evela eziphathimeni zase-Italy yadlula, kepha kwavela okusha - abamele i-oda le-oda. Ngo-1609, uMichelangelo wakwazi ukuphunyula kubo, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye wahlupheka. Abasukelayo bawuchithe ubuso bomculi. Kamuva, uCaravaggio waphinde waba ejele, kodwa ngephutha. Ukufa koMdali kwawa ngoJulayi 18, 1610. UMichelangelo washona evela umalaleveva. Umculi omkhulu wawuneminyaka engama-39 ubudala.
UMichelangelo Caravaggio ungcwatshwe ethuneni leqembu. Kamuva, izinsalela zamadoda zitholakele. Okuqukethwe okuholela emathanjeni kwavela kaninginingi. Qaphela ukuthi ngalezozinsuku le nto yengezwe kupende. Mhlawumbe hhayi umalaleveva wabulala umculi, kepha lo msebenzi.
Umsebenzi
- 1593 - "Intsha enebhasikidi yezithelo"
- 1595 - "Abaculi"
- 1596 - "Umfana oboshwe nge-lizard"
- 1597 - "Ukuhamba Magdalene"
- 1597 - "Medusa"
- 1598 - "UJudith no-Olofern"
- 1599 - "Narcissus"
- 1600 - "Ukufetnisi kweSt Matthew"
- 1601 - "Ukubethelwa kweSt Peter"
- 1602 - Amur-Winner
- 1603 - "Ukungcwatshwa kukaKristu"
- 1604 - "UJohane uMbhabhathizi"
- 1605 - "Imidwebo kaPapa Paul V"
- 1606 - "UMaria Magdalene e-Ecstasy"
- 1607 - "Izenzo Eziyisikhombisa Zomusa"
- 1608 - "Ukutholwa kukaJohane uMbhabhathizi"
- 1609 - "Uvuko lukaLazaru"
- 1610 - "UDavida wasekhanda likaGoliyati"