I-Biograge
Umlando weSoviet Union uyathakazelisa futhi unezinto eziningi. Ososayensi bebelokhu belwa kuma-biografikhi wezibalo ezidumile zeSoviet kuze kube namuhla, bezama ukuthola izikhathi ezifihliwe ezijabulisa izingqondo zesizukulwane samanje. Abaningi banethemba lokuthi uJoseph Vissarionich Stalin wayenguNikita Khrushchev, owathatha isikhundla somholi weSoviet State ngoSepthemba 7, 1953.
Kepha bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo eqinisweni ngemuva kokushona komholi wabantu nge-helm kwakume uGeorgy Malenkov, kodwa ukuhlala kwakhe kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwaqhubeka kungakapheli. AbakwaMalenkov basasebenza amaheda namahemuhemu, kunzima ososayensi bacabange ukuthi usihlalo woMkhandlu WoMkhandlu Waqondiswa, noma ngabe wenza ngezinkolelo zakhe noma ngokungazelelwe walalela imiyalo kaJoseph Vissariovich.
Isibonelo, kunombono wokuthi uGeorgy Maximilianovich, ocashe ngemuva kwemaski yobungani no-Stalin, wafuna ukugumbuqela umlingani-generissimus, ezweni, nguYe, hhayi uNikita Sergeyevich Enye imizamo yokudalula inkolo yobuntu.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Usuku lokuzalwa lweqiniso uGeorge Malenkov alaziwa. Ngaphansi kwesiphakamiso sososayensi, osopolitiki wesikhathi esizayo wazalwa ngo-December 26, 1901 (Januwari 8, 1902 ngeKhalenda likaGregorian), okungenani kakhulu kuma-encyclopedia asemthethweni. Kepha kufanelekile ukungamangali lokho, ngokusho kwenhlangano ye-ejensi yolwazi, ngonyaka we-2016, abasebenzi bengobo yomlando yoMbuso wesifunda sase-Orenburg bathola ukuthi amadokhumenti afaka olunye usuku lokuzalwa kweMalenkov - Novemba 23, 1901.
UGeorgy Maximilianovich wazalelwa edolobheni lase-Orenburg, wakhulela emndenini ojwayelekile. Uyise uMaxImilian Malenkov wasebenza umbhalisi wasekolishi, wayevela ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu zohlobo lwe-Macedonous, ezake zathuthela eRussia. Umkhulu uGeorge ohlwini lukababa wakhonza njenge-colonel, futhi umfowabo wathola isikhundla se-Admiral.
Umama wezepolitiki u-Anastasia Sheyakina wayeyi-mesh futhi wayengenalo igazi elihle, uyise, uKazakh ngobuzwe, wasebenza njengama-kuznets. Umgcini we-Focud wawugxile emfundweni yeNdodana wahola indlu. Umndeni kaMalenkovoye ulinyaze umnakekeli ophambili endlini: Ngo-1907, uPapa Georgy wafa, ngakho umfana wakhuliswa ngunina.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-anastasia Georgievna Sheyakina yakhunjulwa yizakhamizi zaseSoviet Union njengesishoshovu samalungelo abantu. Owesifazane, kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe, kwasiza abantu ababencishwe amathuba futhi basindisa abantu abavela endaweni yokwahlukana - amajele. Izinqubomgomo zomama zazingenakukhathazeka kwazo okuncane, ezinkumbulweni zomzukulu wakhe ka-Andrei, ugogo u-Nastya, ehlala eMosco, athathe umgwaqo wabesifazane abangenamakhaya, wadla efulethini lakhe, wadla wabenza ekubukekeni kobuntu.
UGeorgy wafunda kahle endaweni yokuzivocavoca, futhi wanikezwa noma yiziphi izinto, makube yizibalo noma izincwadi. Ingqondo ebukhali nokuphelela kwasiza le nsizwa ukuba igcwalise isikhungo semfundo ngendondo yegolide ngo-1919, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho yabonakala ezinhlwini zempi ebomvu futhi yahlanganyela empini yombango. Kepha, ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, le nsizwa ibingazi ukuthi idubula futhi igibele kabi ihhashi, kepha wayeyindoda ejabulisayo eyaholela enkantolo yakhe.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokushayisana kwebutho elimhlophe nebomvu, isekela elizayo leSoviet lasePurity Soviet libhalwe kabusha iphepha futhi lahola imibhalo. Ngo-1920, uGeorgy Maximilianovich wathola ithikithi leqembu RCP (B), kwathi ngo-1921 wangena eyunivesithi yezobuchwepheshe eMoscow (MWU), lapho ahola khona "ukuhlanza" kwabafundi bemibono yebhubesi le-Trotsky.
UGregory Maximilianovich wakhunjulwa kubantu bephila njengendoda enonile, kodwa ebusheni bakhe wayenezinsizwa ezigoqiwe, ezazidonswa kalula ezifundweni ezivundile futhi zasonta "ukukhanya kwelanga" kwisiphambano.
Ipolitiki
Okwenza insizwa ijoyine amazinga eBolshevik, kunzima ukusho. Mhlawumbe uMalenkov wakhetha indlela eqiniseka ngayo noma eqondiswa yi-intuition. I-Malenkov yasekuqaleni yayiyiqembu lezepolitiki, ishalofu kanye ne-brigade. UGeorgy Maximilianovich wahamba ngezitebhisi zomsebenzi ngokushesha. Usuvele usukela ngo-1920 kuya ku-1930, wayengumsebenzi njengesisebenzi soMnyango WezoMnyango WezoMnyango weKomidi, kwathi ngo-1927 Malenkov uthole isikhundla soNobhala wezobuchwepheshe weKomiti Yezepolitiki yeCPSU.
Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, uVladimir Ilyich Lenin wayefuna ukwenza umlandeli wakhe uMalenkov, futhi hhayi uJoseph Vissarionich, kwesinye isikhathi kwesinye isikhathi asabela ngokudelela. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngo-1921, ubudlelwane bukaStalin noLenin bahlukaniswa ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kweCongress Party, uVladimir Ilyich basondele kuLvi-Trozzi, owayengathandwa uJoseph Vissariovich. Ubudlelwano bukaLenin noStalin, ababekuthanda ekuqaleni ku-Ulyanov, baqala ukupholisa. Kamuva uLenin uthe:
"Lo mpheki uzolungisa izitsha ezibukhali kuphela."Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokushona kuka-Ilyich, iqembu lamisa inhloko yeSoviet Union Joseph Vissariovich. Kusukela ngo-1934 kuya ku-1936, uMalenkov waba nguMnyango Wezinhlaka Zeqembu LeKomidi eliseCentral, kodwa akazange aziphathe ngokwethu, futhi empeleni wayengumdlwane we-stalin, afeze yonke imiyalo kaGentalissimus.
Ngo-1935-1936, uStalin wabeka phambili phambili "ozimele anqume konke." Ngakho-ke, ehhovisi eliphakathi le-USSR, kwaba nokuqinisekiswa okungathi sína kwawo wonke amalungu kanye nama-ukhetho weqembu lonke lamaKhomanisi ama-Bolsheviks. Ingqikithi yadonswa amakhadi angaba yizigidi ezingama-2,5 - dossier nakuwo wonke umuntu. Isikhundla sokuphathwa kokuhlolwa kwesisindo semibhalo satholwa nguGeorgy Maximilianovich.
Ehlobo lika-1937, Malenkov, egameni likaStalin, kwahlola umsebenzi wobambiswano lwasendaweni neminye imizimba yombuso. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-NKVD kwenziwa, i-UnKVD, futhi ngemuva konyaka, uGeorgy Maximilianovich ufunde lo mbiko ngezinto ezinxibi. Ngenxa yeMalenkov, uKhomishani Ojwayelekile weKhomishini Yezokuphepha Yezwe uNikolai Ivanovich, ophumelele "idumela elithi" Cleaner ".
UComrade EvHov wayecindezele (ngo-1937, uGeorgy Maximilianovich naye wabamba iqhaza ekucindezelweni okukhulu kanyekanye noNikolai Ivanovich) kanye nokuboshwa kwabantu abaningi, kwabhekwa njengomuntu wesine ezweni ngemuva kukaStalin, uMlotov noVoroshilov. Imisebenzi yaboshwa ngo-Ephreli 10, 1939 ngokuzibandakanya kukaGeorge Malenkov kanye neLavrentia Beria.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi, uGeorgy Maximilianovich waholwa yizinhlaka eziyimfihlo zeCongtern, futhi ngemuva kokuqala, uMalenkov waqala ikomidi lezokuvikela umbuso, wabamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni ngokunqotshwa kwamaJalimane eduze kwaseJalimane eduze kwaseJalimane eduze kwaseMoscow. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi uGeorgy Maximilianovich kwimiyalo yomuntu siqu ye-Stalin edlale indima eholayo ebhizinisini laseLeningradsky (ukuphela kwama-40s - ekuqaleni kwama-50s), okwakunguchungechunge lokuqhubeka kwenkantolo phezu kwabaholi beqembu. Bangu-214 abantu abatholwa benecala, abanye babo bavuselelwa ngo-1954.
Izingsongo zaseMalenkov zafuna ukumelana namakomidi ukuthi athi iqembu elilwa nohulumeni lalikhona eLeningrad. Ngaphansi kwe-OPAL, izibalo zombuso ezinjalo, njengo-Alexey Kuznetson, uPeter Popkov, uNikolai Voznesensky, uMikhail Rodionov nezinye "izitha zabantu" zifakiwe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngemuva kokushona kukaStalin, akekho noyedwa owababaza ukuthi okuthunyelwe kwekhanda leSoviet Union kwakuzothatha uMalenkov, futhi abaholi beqembu, futhi izakhamizi zeqembu zibone eGeorgy Maximilianovich umholi omusha wabantu. Kakade ngoMashi 1953, uMalenkov waba nguSihlalo woMkhandlu WeziNgqongqoshe futhi wabika ngokuchayeka kobuntu bobuntu, kodwa abalaleli ababangathinti izinhlaka zikaMalenkov, kanye nokwahlulela umbhali, bamyisekela kuphela iKhrushchev .
Esikhathini esivelele seGeorgy Maximilianovich, ngaphambi kukaFebhuwari 8, 1955, futhi aguqulwe eposini ngenxa yemibono yakhe enenkululeko kanye nesifiso sokusika imali ephezulu. Lokhu kwavumela uNikita Sergeyevich ukwenza isivumelwano. UMalenkov wakhunjulwa ngamazwe wezwe njengomuntu osusele ukuvinjelwa kwabezindaba zakwamanye amazwe, kanye nokuthwala inkambiso. Kepha phakathi neBhodi, uGeorge Maximilianovich, abantu abanakanga okufanele unake izinguquko ezenzeka.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu george maximilianovich ayithathi imicimbi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi le nqubomgomo ibingumfazi oyedwa - uValery Alekseevna Golubsyova, abuthaka buthaka ubudlelwano ngo-1920. IGaldovova yabanjwa yiPost Meired Mei, futhi eminyakeni yangemva kwempi yayicishe ibe ngumfazi onethonya kakhulu eSoviet Union.
UValery Alekseevna wafuna noma yini, ngokwesibonelo, njengoba eqondiswe ngumkakhe, uGeorge Maximilianovich, imigqa ye-tram yayibanjelwe ezikhungweni zemfundo kakhulu. Emndenini, uGeorge Maximiliavich noGolubulovaya bazalelwa ezinganeni ezintathu: Amadodana kaRrei noGerorgy nendodakazi yentando kaMalenkova.
Ukushona
Kusukela ngo-1973, uSihlalo woMkhandlu Wabafundisi, kanye nomndeni wakhe, wayehlala eMoscow, efulethini elijwayelekile egumbini lokulala egumbini lokulala eSichnaya Street, kamuva wathuthela eFrunzenskaya.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi eminyakeni yokugcina yempilo kaGeorgy Maximilianovich akazange afune ukuthandwa kwamandla, athatha ukholo lwe-Orthodox futhi aphenduka. Lapho uMolotov noKaganovich baphakamisa izimpesheni, uMalenkov akazange acele insizakalo efanayo, akagcinanga kuphela anamathele egumbini lokudlela laseKremlin.
"UMalenkov ungakhunjuzwa ubuholi obusha bezwe mayelana nokuba khona kwakhe, noma akafuni ukuzikhumbuza ukuthi wayenakho futhi elahlekile," - wakhumbula iLungu leKomidi eliCentral Sergeevich Stithukov.NgoJanuwari 14, 1988, umholi wesithathu wamazwe emikhandlu washona eminyakeni engu-86 yokuphila. Imbangela yangempela yokufa kukaGeorge Maximilianovich akaziwa ngokweqiniso.
UMalenkov ungcwatshwe emathuneni aseKuntsevsky. Ngokukhumbula inkumbulo yeGeorgia, iMaximilianovich ayisuswa hhayi idokhumenti elilodwa nefilimu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi abalingani bakaStalin badlala uVictor Khokhryakov, uYuri Rudchenko, uValery Magidyash, uJeffrey Treebor nabanye abadlali be-Movie.
Ukukhumbula
- 1996 - "Izingane Zenguquko"
- 2003 - "Ifolda Ekhethekile. UGrigory Malenkov "
- 2005 - "Umholi ohlulekile. UGeorgy Malenkov "
- Ngo-2007 - "Malenkov. Umholi wesithathu wezwe laseSoviet "
- 2017 - "Ukufa kukaStalin"