I-Biograge
I-Lawrence Olivier - I-British Artistge Theatre ne-cinema. Omunye wabalingisi abakhulu kunayo yonke yekhulu lama-20, ababukeli bawo bafaka phakathi idrama yakudala yaseWilliam Shakespeare kanye nemidlalo yanamuhla yaseMelika. Umnqobi womklomelo we-Oscar, onamafliya awo anezithombe ezingama-85 ubude obugcwele, ngenxa yakhe yakhe waba ngumqondisi wemikhiqizo yaseshashalazini engama-38 kanye nomqondisi wefilimu ayisithupha.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Lawrence Kerr u-Olivier wazalwa ngoMeyi 22, 1907, edolobheni laseDorking, e-County of Surrey (England). Ubaba, onikele impilo yakhe enkonzweni yaphezulu, waletha izingane zakhe (umdwebi wayenodadewabo uSibyl noMfoweth 'uGerard) esimweni sokwenza okuqinile, ngenxa yalokho iNkosi yokuvuselelwa kwafakwa kakhulu kunina u-Agnes Louis. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukufa komzali ngo-1920 kwaba ngoLabule lwenhlekelele yangempela.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, umlingisi omkhulu wesikhathi esizayo waya endaweni yesehlakalo eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, egcwalisa iqhaza likaBruta ekwakhiweni kwesikole "uJulius Caesar". Lapho-ke umculi odumile u-Ellen Terry wayekhona ekusebenzeni, okuthi, ekugcineni kwethulwa, kunconywe umdlalo wesiqondisi esincane. Ukusuka e-biography yenkanyezi yaseHollywood, kwaziwa ukuthi iminyaka emine ngemuva kokuthi i-Latrence engenile e-Oxford School eqanjwe ngeSt. Edward.
Lapho, phakathi nomkhosi weshashalazi, yena, emasikweni amahle kakhulu wezikhathi zikaShakespeare, ephindelela iKatharina ekwakhiweni 'kokuqothuka kweShrew ", kanye ne-pak ehlobo ebusuku". Impumelelo yendodana yaqinisekisa u-Olivier - umdala eqinisweni lokuthi indlalifa yakhe inamadiphozithi ka-Actor ngempela.
Ngo-1924, uLawrence wangena eLondon Central School of Oratory and Dramatic Art, ekugcineni wamukelwa e-Birmingham Theatre Tropoupe. Ngomunye unyaka kamuva, inkosi ukuphilwa kabusha yaba ngumlingisi ophambili, wagcwalisa iqhaza likaHamlet noMakethi esigabeni seThempeli.
Amafilimu
Ngo-1930, uLawrence wavela okokuqala esikrinini sama-movie. Udlale indima kaPeter Bill kwifilimu ethi "Umfelokazi Wesikhashana", kwathi ngonyaka wanda kwabuyiselwa ebhange le-cinematic piggy ngethikithi eliphuzi nge-rubbon. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umlingisi wawungabekezeleleki abenzi bamafilimu, ecabanga ngento esemqoka yempilo yakhe, akhanya ngayo ezindimeni zamaqhawe kaShakespeare.
Ngo-1939, wafaka inkanyezi eWilliam Wilera Rent "ukuduma kwezulu", kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo, umbhangqwana noGyrr Garson, wenza indima enkulu ekuguqukeni komsebenzi kaJane Austin "ukuziqhenya nobandlululo". Ngo-1948, ifilimu "hamlet" yadedelwa kwizikrini, lapho uLawrence azange adlale khona yindima enkulu kuphela, kodwa futhi wasebenza njengoMqondisi nombhali wesikrini. Lo msebenzi uthole imiklomelo eminingi, kufaka phakathi umklomelo we-OSCAR.
Esikhathini esizayo ngo-1951 kuya ku-1955, ukuthwebula izithombe zendlala kugcwaliswe ngokuhlolwa komsebenzi we-Theodore Drier "udadewabo kaCarrie", kanye noRichard III kanye namathikithi waseRichard III kanye ne-Richard III kanye ne-Richard III. Eminyakeni eyalandela, u-Olivier wahlungwa ngamashumi amashumi amaphrojekthi wamaphrojekthi, anezinhliziyo zawo, izilaleli, ikakhulukazi zithanda isikhulu nodange lomdanso noMarilyn Monroe, "Spartak", "Jihad" kanye "nodade abathathu".
Ngo-1976, iPremiere yefilimu eqondiswe nguJohn Schlelinger "Marathonets" yenzeka. Enhliziyweni yesakhiwo semidwebo, ukutshela ngempilo yansuku zonke ekuqaleni, awukho umlando obonakalayo womfundi uThomas Levi (uDustin Hoffman), amanoveli womlobi uWilliam Goldman. ERibe, uLawrence waphinde wazalwa kabusha e-Dr. Christian Shell.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, umlingisi wagcwalisa indima yokuxineka kwesayensi yemimoya, uMnu Abraham van Healseng, ekuguqukeni kwamagama we-Bram Stoker egama elifanayo "Dracula". Ngo-1981, i-Premiere yefilimu yamahhala ngezinganekwane zasendulo zamaGrikhi zomqondisi uDesmond Davis "Wenzeka. Efilimu, umculi wayibamba iqhaza leNkosi yokuduma nombani - uNkulunkulu kaZeus.
Ngo-1984, abalandeli babona abathandayo ekupendweni kwe- "Bounty", lapho, ngaphezu ko-Olivier, abalingisi uMell Gibson, u-Anthony HopKins noLiam Nison babaliwe. Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila, u-Olivier wasebenza kakhulu kuthelevishini. Indima yakhe kumafilimu wethelevishini "Umbhoshongo wesihlahla esimnyama", "Wagner" kanye "nothando phakathi kwamanxiwa", lapho adlale khona endaweni yokudala enoCatherine Hepburn. Isithombe sokugcina sokuthi u-Olivier adlalwa nge-movie ephelele ubude kwakuyindima yesosha elikhulile kwifilimu elithi "Amasosha Requiem" (1989).
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-Agasti 1940, umshado wabalingisi uLawrence Olivier noVivien Lee yenzeka edolobheni laseCalifornia eSanta Barbara. Lo mkhosi oyimfihlo (emgubhweni wawuhanjelwa njengomuntu oFakazi kuphela uCatherine Hepburn kanye nomlobi uGarson Kanin) wandulelwa yinoveli esheshayo hhayi isehlukaniso elula yabathandi.
Bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engama-20, lapho i-vivieen yaphenduka kumlingisi wokuqala enkanyezini ye-movie, ehlushwa ukugula kakhulu nokudangala, futhi uLawrence waba ngumyeni onomona ongamthetheli impumelelo yakhe. Indaba yabo yothando yaqala ngo-1935. Ngemuva kwalokho eLondon eshashalazini yeshashalazi ngokunqoba kwakuwukudlalelwa ngokuthi "uRomeo noJuliet", lapho u-Olivier ayeneqhaza eliphambili.
Isithombe sokushayisana kanye nekhandlela laseRomeo sanqoba umlingisi omncane, ngaleso sikhathi esasikhona lapho sisebenza khona. Kusukela ngalowomzuzu kuqhubeke, iVivien yafunwa ukufinyelela ekubukeni ngakunye ngokubamba iqhaza kweLycisian ethandwayo. Ngolunye usuku, amantombazane akwazile ukungena ezigcawini futhi mathupha azi lo mculi.
Umhlangano wabo waguqukela waba ubungane, bese enoveli enesivunguvungu, eyaqala ngokuqokwa kwefilimu "ilangabi phezu kweNgilandi". Ngemuva kwalokho abadlali badlale abathandi. Ezinyangeni ezintathu zokudubula, uthando lwesikrini lukhule lube ngokoqobo. Konke kwakucishe kuphelele, ngaphandle kokuthi kube khona okubonakalayo "kepha" - bobabili abadlali ngaleso sikhathi bebengesikhulu. UVivienn wayenomyeni nendodakazi encane kaSusanna, no-Olivier bashade nomlingisi uJilll esmond futhi banomntwana.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abashadikazi benqabile ukunikela ngesehlukaniso othandweni, basaqhubeka emshadweni osemthethweni, baqala ukuhlala ndawonye. Ngemuva kokuba abaculi bathole isehlukaniso, bahlangene ngasese nomshado osemthethweni. Kungekudala ngemuva komshado, u-Alexander Korda wanikeza abasanda kushada ukuthi badlale izindima eziphambili kwifilimu ethi "Lady Hamilton", ngokususelwa ku-Admiral Nelson nonkosikazi wayo onqatshelwe u-Enson.
Ukuthi isithombe sentokazi esibalile i-Lady Hamilton sasiwukukhanya nokungabi msulwa uJehova njengezimpisi zolwandle olunesibindi wavele walahleka eduze kwakhe. Ngokuzayo, ngomsebenzi omusha ngamunye ohlanganyelwe, umehluko ekubulaweni nasendleleni kubo bobabili abalingisi endimeni ephuthume emehlweni yonke enamandla. U-Olivier wabheka ikhono lokusebenza nebhizinisi, uVivien wanikeza lobu buciko ngayo yonke imiphefumulo, ephila njalo ngempilo yeqhawe njengeyakhe.
Imizamo yomlingisi ebukekayo eyasindisa umshado wabo ekuwohlokeni: Intokazi ngaphandle kokudumisa u-Olivier futhi yenqaba kaninginingi iziphakamiso ezinhle esikhundleni senhlala-kahle yomndeni. Ngo-1944, umndeni wabo usuhlupheke obunye ububi - amaVivivin ajabule futhi asebenzayo agula ngesifo sofuba. Odokotela bakubekele umbuso wakhe wokulala nokwelashwa kwakhe esibhedlela, kepha intokazi ayifuni ukuba yisango lokuzithandela futhi, enganakwa yile nonke seluleko sodokotela, yaqhubeka nokusebenza.
Lesi sifo sanda ukuphazamiseka okuhlangenwe nakho njalo. U-Lawher ucasulwe futhi wesaba ukubanjwa komkakhe, lapho ayevame ukumphuthuma khona kuye ngamanqindi. Ukhathele umlingani we-hysterical, umlingisi u-Olivier waqala ukubukeka kaningi kubalingisi abancane. Uma usuku lonke lube lubi kakhulu, uLawrence waba nentshisekelo kumculi osemusha wethiyetha kanye ne-movie Joan Pladuait.
Ngosuku, lapho uVivien eneminyaka engama-45 ubudala, u-Olivier waveza ngomusa ama-rolls aRoyce, futhi ngemuva kwalapho, incwadi eyayibuza ngesehlukaniso yanikezwa ngokuqinile. Ngo-1961, uLawrence washada okwesithathu, kumlingisi oJoan Plourait. Wazala inkanyezi yezikrini zethelevishini zezingane ezintathu: indodana kaRichard (waba ngumqondisi) namadodakazi kaTamsin noJulia-Kat (baba ngabalingisi). Abalingani bahlala ndawonye kuze kube sekufeni kuka-Olivier.
Ukushona
Kuma-80s, u-Olivier uthole umdlavuza. Eminyakeni embalwa, umqondisi walwa nokugula, kodwa ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo sinqobile. U-Lawrence washona ngoJulayi 11, 1989. Kuyaziwa ukuthi emahoreni okugcina okuphila eduze komlingisi odumile lapho umndeni wakhe nabangane abaseduze. Ithuna lomsebenzi wethiyetha liseduze kwamathuna abalobi bakaCharles Dickens namaHardy Thomas ekhoneni lezimbongi zeWestminster Abbey.
Ngo-2004, uKerry Conmani "ukaputeni wezwe kanye nomhlaba wesikhathi esizayo" ifilimu yesikhathi esizayo yadedelwa kwizikrini ezinkulu. Efilimu, ngaphandle kweJude Lowe, Gwyneth Paltrow no-Angelina Jolie, nabo bavele kabusha kabusha ikhompyutha ye-Olivier. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu i-Premiere, eLondon, kusho itshe lesikhumbuzo kuLawrence Olivier esikwelenke eduze kwaseRoyal National Theatre. Isikhumbuzo sibonisa umculi endimeni yaso esihle kunazo zonke - uHamlet.
Izics
- Ngo-1939 - "Ukuduma kwezulu"
- 1940 - "Rebecca"
- 1940 - "Ukuziqhenya nobandlululo"
- 1948 - "Hamlet"
- 1952 - "UDade Carrie"
- 1957 - "Prince kanye Dancer"
- 1959 - "Umfundi kaDeveli"
- 1960 - "Spartak"
- Ngo-1965 - "Othello"
- Ngo-1969 - "Impi YeNgilandi"
- Ngo-1970 - "odade abathathu"
- 1976 - "Marathonits"
- 1977 - "Bridge kude kakhulu"
- 1979 - "Dracula"
- 1981 - "Impi YeTitans"
- 1988 - "IMISEBENZI YEMISA"