I-Biograge
U-Evgeny Vakhtangov ungumqondisi ovelele, kanye nomlingisi nothisha. U-Evgeny Bagratiovich akazange aveze kuphela insethi yeshashalazi eminingi enemikhiqizo enethalente, kodwa futhi eyasungula istudiyo sayo, kamuva yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi imidlalo yaseshashalazini yakwaVakhtangov.
Umqondisi wesikhathi esizayo wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 13, 1883. Ingane evgenia bagrationovich yadlula eVladikavkaz, emkhayeni womenzi. Kodwa-ke, umfana akazange adonse izindaba zezezimali nezentengiselwano. Umphefumlo ka-Evgenia Vakhtangov wadonswa ubuhlakani.
Ngo-1903, le nsizwa yangena kwi-Faculty of Science yemvelo yeNyuvesi yaseMoscow University. Lapho-Evgeny Vakhtangov yafunda unyaka kuphela, yabe isidlulisela eMnyangweni Wezomthetho weNyuvesi efanayo. Kepha ubuqili abakwazanga ukunqoba inhliziyo yeVakhtangov, futhi le nsizwa yasheshe yathola ithuba lokwenza into ayithandayo.
Kakade ngo-1905, u-Evgeny Vakhtangov ngokuzimela usetha ukusebenza kokuqala emidlalweni yeshashalazi yabafundi. Kwakuyi-play "pedagogues" egameni elifanayo lomsebenzi ka-Otto Ernst. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kwakungeyona mahhala: Abafundi baqoqa imali ukusiza abantu abadinga. Ngemuva konyaka, u-Evgeny Bagratiovich wavula umbuthano womfundi wobuciko obumangalisayo.
Ngemuva kokuthola iziqu eyunivesithi, u-Evgeny Vakhtangov wanquma ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi weshashalazi wahamba wayofunda esikoleni esidumile sikaDrama Alexander Alashev. Ithalente elincane lalinenhlanhla futhi: Abafundisi abanethalente likaVasily Luzhsky, uLeopold Solerzhitsky noVasily Kachalov bafundiswa lapho. Kamuva, u-Eugene Vakhtangov uyavuma ukuthi uSolerzhitsky ngokwakhe waba nomthelela omkhulu ekwakhekeni kwethalente lakhe.
Ithiyeta
U-Evgeny Vakhtangov we-Biography we-Evgenia Vakhtangov, mhlawumbe evela eMoscow Art Theatre, lapho umqondisi osemusha abeka khona ukusebenza kochwepheshe wokuqala futhi enze umshado eqenjini labafundi, esebenzisa imodeli yokuhlola yeStanislavsky. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-wahtangov yanamathela emithethweni kaLeopold Solerzhitsky: isimilo, umdlalo oqotho nokushumayela okuhle, ngokusho kwe-evgenia bagratovich, yenza isisekelo samakhono okusebenza.
Imisebenzi ye-DirectAry ka-Evgenia Vakhtangov yalesosikhathi yakhiwa kakhulu ekuphikisweni okuhle nokubi. Isibonelo, kwakungu, ngokwesibonelo, imisebenzi "kaZamcolo" kanye "neholide lomhlaba". Futhi, abadlali kanye nezindima ezichaze ngokucophelela umehluko wokuzimela kwangaphandle kanye nengcebo yezwe elingaphakathi (njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, ekudlaleni "kukaRosmerserson" emsebenzini weHeinrich IBSEN).
Imizamo ka-Evgenia Vakhtangov ayikhawulwanga ku-MHT Studio. U-Evgeny Bagratonian futhi wafundisa ngentokozo ezikoleni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseMoscow kanye nezinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini ezingama-amateur, ukusiza abalandeli bezezimali ukulungiselela imikhiqizo ethokozisayo.
Uthando olukhethekile luka-Evgeny Vakhtangov lwalusebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Mansurovskaya Studio, okwabizwa ngegama le-alley lapho kwakhiwa khona isakhiwo. Ngo-1920, i-studio izokwamukela igama le-Moscow Dramatic Studio ebizwa nge-Vakhtangov, kwathi ngo-1921 izobizwa ngokuziqhenya ngokuthi yi-State Amfundo Theatre egama lingu-Evgeny Vakhtangov.
Imikhiqizo ye-Post-Revolutionary ye-Yavgeny Bagratovich yahlukaniswa inhlekelele ekhethekile: Umqondisi uzame ukudlulisa isithombe senguquko kanye nesipiliyoni sabantu abathinta le micimbi engokomlando. Isiphetho esiphukile, izinkinga zenhlalo kanye nosizi lomuntu ohlukile - yilokhu vakhtangov eyayinentshisekelo ngalowo mzuzu.
Ngo-1920, izilaleli zabona umshado emsebenzini ka-Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. IVakhtangov ikwazile ukudlulisela usizi lwe-meshnant emile ngomqondo wakhe ongemuhle. Lesi sikhalazo sika-Evgeny Bagratonovich esibizwa ngokuthi i-beaker ngesikhathi sesifo.
Ukuphikiswa kwamandla nabantu bathola isivikeli ekukhiqizweni kwe- "Eric XIV": Ku- " Ukubheka nje, kufuna kuphela izinhloso ezithembekile nezihle.
Ngokusho kobufakazi bamashabi nabagxeki besikhathi, ukukhula okukhulu kakhulu kwengxabano yokukhanya nobumnyama, okubi nokuhle, ukufa kanye nokuvuselela impilo sekufinyelele ekwakhiweni okubizwa nge- "Gadibuk" ekudlaleni imbewu ye -Skogo (i-pseudonymtymtymty slumoport-zappoport). Le yindaba eyadalwa ngesisekelo seNhloko yeNhloko yeDibbuchi - amademoni lapho imiphefumulo ithengiswa khona kuDeveli iphathwa.
Omunye ukunqoba okukhanyayo kwe-evgeny Vakhtangov ukusebenza kwenkosazana jikelele ngomsebenzi kaKarl Gotszi. Lesi sakhiwo sezinganekwane ngokwesiko: Inkosazana yamaShayina ekhangelayo ebizwa nge-turandot ayifuni ukushiya indlu kababa futhi ishade. Kodwa-ke, izihlobo zigcizelela umshado wobuhle. Ngemuva kwalokho intombazane ekhohlisayo ibeka lesi simo: ngumuntu kuphela oxazulula izimfumbe ezintathu ezifanele eduze kwayo. I-SNAG ukuthi lezi zimfumbe akulula kangako.
Inqwaba yemikhiqizo, ngaphandle kokubhekana nalo msebenzi, ilahlekelwe izimpilo zayo. Kodwa-ke, uPrince Callaf, othandweni nobuhle bokuzama, wakwazi ukunqoba izithiyo futhi athandane ne-turandot. Ukuhlelwa kwenziwa njengokuhlola okunesibindi ngokuya ngomdlalo wabalingisi: I-hyserie ayiboniswa hhayi kuphela izinhlamvu zokudlala, kodwa futhi ngokwazo zidlala ekudlaleni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigcawu eziningi zeVakhtangov zanikeza idiphozithi yokuthuthuka, okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukufezekisa umphumela omangalisayo. Ngeshwa, umqondisi akakaze akwazi ukubona i-premiere yalokhu kukhiqizwa: Ngaleso sikhathi i-Evgeny Bagratovich yayivele inesisindo esiqinile, futhi isimo sezempilo asivumeli indoda ukuba iye ekusebenzeni.
Kukholakala ukuthi umsebenzi we-Evgenia Vakhtangov wenze imithwalo yakudala yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseRussia. Phakathi kwabafundi be-Great Master - abadlali uCecilia Mansurov, uRuben Simonov, uBoris Schukin, uYuri Zavadsky namanye amagama amaningi enkanyezi.
U-Evgeny Vakhtangov wayekholelwa ukuthi inkundla yaseshashalazini kwakungeyona into esetshenziswayo yabantu abavikelekile nabafundile. Ukwenza, ngokusho kwe-Evgenia Bagratovich, kungokwabantu. Umqondisi onamathele emgomeni ofanayo emikhiqizweni yakhe: Okwakwenzekani esiteji kucace kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi isibukeli ngasinye singathola okuthile okusondele ekuhlangenwe nakho kwamaqhawe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Evgenia Vakhtangov wayenenhlanhla yokuhlangana nowesifazane owaba uthando lwempilo yonke.
Intombazane yesikole uNadezhda Baitsurova usephenduke umqondisi okhethiwe. Emndenini we-Evgenia Bagrateovich nethemba uMikhailovna, indodana USergey.
Ukushona
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo yomqondisi yagcizelelwa yisifo esibi: U-Evgenia Vakhtangov watholakala enomdlavuza wesisu. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuxilongwa okukhulu kangaka, i-Evgeny Bagratovich, kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni kuqhubeka ukusebenza, ukuchitha izinsuku zonke ezindongeni zemidlalo yaseshashalazini yasendabeni.
Ngo-1922, okwesikhashana ngaphambi kwenduna yokudlala ethi "Princess Junatot", umqondisi wakhathazeka. U-Evgeny Vakhtangov wasala ekhaya izinsuku eziningana, akakwazi ukuya ekuzilolongeni. Ngosuku lwe-premiere, umqondisi futhi akazange athole amandla okusuka embhedeni, kanti uKonstantin Stanislavsky wavakashela ukungenelwa kwe-evgenia bagratovich, okuletha ukubuyekezwa ngomdlandla mayelana nokukhiqizwa.
NgoMeyi 29, 1922, u-Evgenia Vakhtangov akazange. Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, kwavela umngcwabo wenkosi enkulu. I-Evgenia Bagrateovich's Linast's Lisethuneni laseMoscow Novodevichy. Itshe lethuna le-wizadi, ngaphezu kwesithombe sendabuko, lihlobisa i-obelisk ngesimo somuntu ose-raincoat.
Sebenza enkundleni yemidlalo
Umlingisi
- 1913 - "I-Lanina Manor"
- 1913 - "Iholide Lomhlaba"
- Ngo-1914 - "wacabanga"
- Ngo-1914 - "Ikhilikithi esithandweni"
- 1915 - "I-Stone Guest"
- 1915 - "Izikhukhula" Berger "
Umkhiqizi
- 1913 - "Iholide Lomhlaba"
- Ngo-1915 - "uzamcolo"
- Ngo-1918 - Rosmerserson
- 1920 - "Umshado"
- 1921 - "Isimangaliso seSt Anthony"
- 1921 - "Eric XIV"
- 1922 - "Princess Turandot"