I-Biograge
U-Alexandra Sokolovskaya wahlukanisa isiphetho esingabonakali sabavukeli abaningi. Ngemuva kwamahlombe abantu besifazane abantekenteke - amajele nezixhumanisi, wasinda emadodakazini, kodwa akazange encithakale izinkolelo zezepolitiki. Ngokushesha ngezingqinamba zempilo kankosikazi kaLeo Trotsky, isibukeli saseRussia sizojwayelana nefilimu evinjelwe ama-troatsky. Lesi sithombe, sidalelwe iminyaka engu-100 yenguquko, sizodedelwa esiteshini sokuqala ".Ubuntwana nentsha
UShura wazalwa ngonyaka we-1872, e-Ukraine ebungaphandle yesifunda saseDnipropetrovsk. Umndeni weSokolovsky wawumpofu, abazali abafundile ngaphezu kwezinto ezibonakalayo babeka isimilo, izinhloso eziphakeme nezincwadi. Ekhuphuka izingane eziyisithupha - u-Alexander, ilya, uGrigory, uMaria, u-Olga noMnumzane, - Uyise wazama ukugxilisa isifiso sokukhonza abantu. Wonke umuntu ebusheni bakhe wajoyina izitayela ezahlukahlukene eziguqukayo.
U-Alexandra othweswe iziqu ezifundweni zokubeletha e-Odessa. Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe, wajwayelana nenguquko futhi ekugcineni wanquma kwinkanyezi yempilo yempilo - waba mansxism.
Inguquko
Entwasahlobo yango-1896 eNikolaev, lapho u-Alexandra ahlala khona kudala, kwakhiwa umbuthano wokuguqula. Ukusebenza abantu abasha kanye nabafundi babuthana ngaphansi kweSeni of the Franz Schwig Garden Domes, Czech Socialist. Inani lendilinga lakhula linjengeqhwa elibonga izitshalo eziningana ze-nikolaev - abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili basebenza emabhizinisini. Ngonyaka, owokuqala edolobheni lenhlangano yeningi yentando yeningi ehlanganiswe namantombazane amancane nabafana, bahlanganisa no-Alexander nabanye abafowabo bakhe ababili.
Abalobi be-mug baqale babizwa ngokuthi ubuchopho babo eyunivesithi yabantu, kamuva banamathisela igama elilahlekile - "i-South-Russian perser Union". Ukulungiswa kolunye lwezikhombisi-ndlela olunikezwe iShura Sokolovskaya, le ntombazane yabonisa ukunemba kwesayensi yesayensi yesayensi.
IMardlist Eqinisekisiwe Enobuso beSignine Madonna bageze ngokunakwa kwesilisa: Izazi-mlando zithi iningi lamalungu e-mug lalithandana neShura. Kodwa-ke, u-Alexander wakhethwa ngokuphakanyiswa kwebhubesi eliseduze uBronstein - i-Trotsky yesikhathi esizayo. Ngokushesha u-Eva waba ngumholi wenhlangano, futhi idolobha lagcwala isimemezelo namapheshana.
Igagasi lokuboshwa ligcwala uNikolaev ngoJanuwari 1898. Ukufika kwabantu abaningi kwathintwa ngabantu abangaphezu kuka-200, u-Alexander Sokolovskaya noLvom Trotsky basejele. Lo mbhangqwana uthole iminyaka emine kubhekiswa empumalanga yeSiberia.
Ukudingiswa, vele, akuzange kuguqule imibono yobusosayensi abaqinisekisiwe. Ukubuyela eNikolaev, u-Alexander waqhubeka nemisebenzi ye-Propaganda, yize ayengaphansi kokulawulwa okukhethekile kweziphathimandla. Ihambelana nabalingani ekubukeni kwezepolitiki nomyeni, owabalekela phesheya. Ngo-1906, waphinde waba ejele, lapho lona wesifazane beshayelwa khona esifundazweni sase-Olonets. Kodwa-ke, wakwazi ukugijima.
U-Alexander Lvovna wacebisa umthambo wokubamba iqhaza emicimbini yezinguquko eNikolaev, nangemva kokugumbuqelwa kokugcina kwamandla asebukhosini athuthela ePetrograd. Edolobheni eliseNeva, lona wesifazane wenza izinto ezinobudlova - waba ngomunye wabasunguli beSt. Petersburg Komsomol futhi walingisa iphephandaba iKomsomol.
USokolovskaya wafundisa umlando ezikoleni futhi waze walibeka engxenyeni yokufunda ePetrisul. Sebenza eNarkom of Education eduze kwenguquko eguqukayo enethemba leKrupSkaya. Kodwa-ke, u-Alexander Lvovna wawungowomgqeni ojulile weTrotSkyists, ehambelana nomyeni wakhe kanye nabalingani bakhe futhi waboshwa nganoma yiluphi usuku. Kwenzekani ngo-1934.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ingobo yomlando yoMbuso yendawo yeNikolaev igcinwe idokhumenti elinelukuluku - incwadi yezikhalazo ebhekiswe kumbusi we-Irkutsk. Abazali bebhubesi bacelwa ukuthi bangathumeli iNdodana esixhumanisi kanye neSokolovsky - intokazi enkulu, endala kunendlalifa iminyaka eyisithupha. Njengokuthi, le ntombazane yangqongqoza ingane ngendlela efanele futhi ifuna ukushada ukuze isondele ekudingisweni nasekuthuthukiseni ukufa okugcwele kokuziphatha. Amabhulona anethemba lokuthi iNdodana ngaphandle kweMaiden Sokolovskaya izolungisa ngokushesha futhi ibe yinhlangano ewusizo.
Le ncwadi yafika ngokubambezeleka kwejele, lo mbhangqwana wahlanganiswa nomshado, futhi u-Alexander Lvovna walandela amalungelo alowo oshade naye esikhwameni kanye nomyeni wakhe. USokolovskaya kuze kube sekufeni kanye nokufa kuzohlala kungumfazi osemthethweni weLeo Trotsky, yize izinguquko eFrance zizohlangana noNatalia Sedov, ezobiza umlingani wesibili.
Impilo yomuntu siqu ka-Alexandra Sokolovskaya yayibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi lona wesifazane wazidela imibono yezenhlalo. Isixhumanisi esazalwa amadodakazi amabili - uZina noNina. Eminyakeni emine emva kokuzalwa kukaZinaida, ngokusekelwa komlingani we-Trotsky abalekele ezweni lakubo eLondon. E-autobiography "Impilo Yami" uLev Damovich wabhala:
"Impilo ngezimo zaseSiberia ibingelula. Ukuphunyuka kwami kwakuwukubeka umthwalo ophindwe kabili ku-Alexander LVOVNA. Kepha wabela lo mbuzo ngegama elilodwa: kuyadingeka. Isikweletu sezinguquko samboza konke ukucatshangelwa kwakhe, futhi okokuqala komuntu uqobo. Ngemuva kwalokho sathola kuphela ngokuhlaziya. Impilo yasikhipha, igcina ukungakhethi imibono nobungani. "Ngokuzayo, u-Alexander wayelinde esinye isixhumanisi. Amantombazane akhulisa abazali bendoda yakhe, ekugcineni baphinde bahlangana nonina ngo-1917. Ukuhlala ePetrograd, kwesinye isikhathi okubonwa kuYise kwabuyela ezweni lakubo. Ezithombeni zomndeni ezigciniwe eduze kweTrotsky, indodakazi endalo uZina ivame ukuhambisa.
Amadodakazi ahamba ezinyathelweni zabazali, ajoyina imisebenzi yezinguquko. Futhi abayeni bakhethwa ukuba babe. UNina washada nomphikisi wesobunxele uMana Nevelson, wabeletha izingane ezimbili, kodwa ngo-1928 washona esuka e-chagtop, futhi engenazo elindele umngane wakhe womshado. UDodlerler wathatha ugogo wakhulisa.
Indoda yendodakazi endala kaPlato Izimpisi nayo ingukuphikisana nokubhekisisa. Izingane ezimbili zazalwa emshadweni. UZina wavakashela kabili, le ntombazane ayizange ihluke empilweni yamaqhawe, ivame ukugula, yathutha imisebenzi emaphashini. Ngo-1931, uZinaida, ethatha indodana encane, washiya indodakazi yakhe ekunakekeleni ugogo wakhe, waya kokwelashwa kuyise, eJalimane.
Ngemuva konyaka, uJoseph Stalin wamhlanza amalungu omndeni we-Trotsky Soviet Citizen. I-psyche kaZina ayikwazanga ukuma - lona wesifazane wazibulala, avule igesi efulethini.
Ukushona
Ngemuva kokubhekiswa kuKolyma Alexander Sokolovskaya uthole isigaba eMoscow, lapho kulindeleke ukuthi sixazulule iNkantolo Ephakeme yase-USSR yeNkantolo Ephakeme. Ngo-Ephreli 29, 1938, kwathiwa isigwebo ngesijeziso esiphakeme kakhulu, kwasheshe kwadutshulwa.