I-Biograge
UNatalya Ivanovna Sedova wayengunkosikazi wesibili we- "Demon Revolution" - ngakho-ke ama-comrade abizwa ngokuthi yiNgonyama Trotsky. Lapho umyeni wakhe, ihlombe lowesifazane ehlombe laliyindlela enzima ukusuka ekuphakameni kwakhe ekuxoshweni nasekubulaweni, ukwahlukanisa ubuphofu, ukufuduka kwabantu okubulalayo okuphakamisile "isitha esikhulu se-Stalin" eminyakeni eyishumi edlule yokuphila.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlingani wekusasa "ILion Revolution" yazalwa ngonyaka we-1882, edolobheni lasePoltava Regional (namuhla, isifunda sase-Ukraine). Umzukulu kaNatalia Sedovoy, uJulia Axelrod, wacabanga ukuthi okhokho bakagogo babeyizindawo zokufunda kanye nezicukuthwane zasePoland. Isazi-mlando uDmitry Volkogonov ku-biography kaLeo Trotsky athi abazali baseNatalia i-Ivanovna - Abathengisi be-Natalia - Indodakazi kaDali ifundelwe imfundo enhle:
Isikhungo saseNatalia asikwazanga ukuphela: yaxoshwa ngokubamba iqhaza emibukeni yabavuselele kanye nokuxhumana nentsha yenkululeko. Abazali bathumela indodakazi eSwitzerland, eGeneva, intombazane yafunda isayensi yemvelo. Lapho, uNatalia Sedova wajwayelana no-Marxism Loorist Georgy Plekhanov. Intombazane yaqhubeka nokufunda eParis, ifunda umlando wobuciko eSorbonne.
Iminyaka yokuguqula
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1900s, uNatalia Sedov, kanye nabavukeli baseRussia, bakhiqiza inhlansi. Le ntombazane yavuma noVladimir Lenin kanye neSocial Democrats, kwathi ngo-1902 - nge-LVOM Trotsky. Ngokokuqala ngqa, uNatalia wezwa uMartov waseJulia Martov, owavakashela isihlahla esimpunga, eParis. UMartorv uthe uLeiba Bronstein waseSiberian weLeiba uzofika maduze eFrance, ebhala igama elithi Lion Trotsky's's.
Kamuva, e-Edaceous Biography yomyeni wakhe, uNatalia Sedova wabhala ukuthi bahlangana eParis futhi baqonda ngokushesha ukuthi ngeke baphume. Lo mbhangqwana wawuhlala emshadweni wangempela, yize uLevishich eRussia eRussia wahlala umlingani osemthethweni u-Alexander Sokolovskaya.
Ngemuva kokubuyela eRussia kanye ne-Okthoba Revolution, uNatalia Sedov uneminyaka eyishumi ubudala, kusukela ngo-1918 kuya ku-1928, wakwazi ukukwazi uMnyango weMnyuziyamu womlutha wezidakamizwa. Ngaphansi kobuholi bayo, izazi-mlando zobuciko, ochwepheshe bebhizinisi leMnyuziyamu kanye nababukeli. USedovo wakwazi ukusindisa ekubhujisweni nasekuphathweni komhlangano wangasese wezinto zobuciko ezisele ngesikhathi sempi yombango ngaphandle kokuphepha.
NgoSeptemba 1918, uNatalya Ivanovna wahlenga kabusha ekuphangeni impahla kamama u-Ivan u-Ivan thgegenev - ifa leSpassky-Lutovinovo. Ngenxa yeGrey House, iGalachova igcinwe, umnyuziyamu womlobi avele.
Ebusika bango-1919, uNatalia Sedov waqoke inhloko yekomidi elisungulwe nguDvik, owasiza abalimele be-redrymeys. Kepha ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kowesifazane kwahlala ukulondolozwa kwamagugu amasiko. Kusetshenziswa izibopho namaBolsheviks, eDEDOVA yanakekela abasebenzi boMnyango weMnyuziyamu, ibashiye umkhiqizo wokuthengisa kanye nothango lokuboshwa nokusesha.
Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlangana kukaNatalia Sedovoy kwaletha izithelo: Ngo-1920, i-HCHK yadubula i-sudordinedovaya, owayengumshicileli uVikence Pashunzanis. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920s, uTrotsky wadukisa, uguquko wathunyelwa e-Almaty. Walandela umkakhe namadodana, ehlukanisa izixhumanisi. Ngokushesha inguquko yokuhlola, elahlekelwe yithonya layo ePhathi leBolshevik, laxoshwa ezweni lezeluleko. Wasuka eRussia waya eWanderings eYurophu nasenkosikazini uNatalia Sedov nendodana yakhe.
Ngo-1936, lo mndeni wathuthela eMexico, waphunyuka engcupheni ebulalayo, wasongelwa nguBronstein. ULev Danovich wayenokunganaki igama elithi Joseph Stalin "Grey Mediacrity", wawakhokha ngokuphila kwakhe.
Umzamo wokuqala ngoMeyi 1940 ngeqembu le-Alfaro Sikeros abuphumelelanga: Ukufa kwabheka emehlweni 'eDemon Demoni ", kodwa ngenxa yomkakhe uLeo Camovich wasinda. Lapho i-villa trotsky ixoshwa, uNatalia wakwazi ukusunduza umyeni wakhe embhedeni aye ekhoneni elibunjiwe futhi embozwe yena. Ngemuva kokubulawa kukankosikazi wahlala ekwesaba njalo, uLiba Bronstein nsuku zonke, njenge-mantra, waphinda umkakhe:
"Uyabona, abasibulalanga kulobu busuku."Kepha ngo-Agasti 1940, i-ICEX AXES AGENT NKVD Ramon Merkadera yabeka iphuzu ku-biography yenguquko yebhubesi. UNatalia Sedova wasala eMexico, endlini lapho ambulala khona umyeni wakhe nasegcekeni angcwatshwa ngalo.
Owesifazane uxhase izixhumanisi ngenguquko futhi wabhala i-biography yeTrotsky. Ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye ngenhla kwe-top of the One Okwesine International, ngokususelwa emafutheni omqondo womyeni wakhe, uNatalia Sedova uphume enhlanganweni yamazwe omhlaba. Ngo-1960, inguquko yashiya iMexico yathuthela eParis, lapho ayehlala khona iminyaka emibili edlule.
Ngo-2017, idrama ye-seriographical ye-8-trotsky "izodedelwa kumathelevishini aseRussia, ifakwe ngo-Alexander Conts noKonstantin Stat. Abakhiqizi bephrojekthi kwakungu-Alexander Tsekalo noKonstantin Ernst. UNatalia Sudov wadlala umlingisi u-Olga Soullov, iqhaza leTrotsky laya eKonstantin Khabensky.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UNatalia Sedova wabeletha umyeni wakhe amadodana amabili - uLeo noSergey. Isiphetho sazo zombili lezi zingane zibuhlungu: uJunior Sergey, oprofesa bakwa-Institute of Technology, badutshulwa eMoscow, ngo-1937. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, uSergey Sedov, umbhali wamaphepha wesayensi kuma-thermodynamics, kude nezepolitiki, wagwetshwa iminyaka emihlanu yamakamu, eyashintsha ireferensi. Kepha ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2 baphinde baboshwa futhi, bamangalela kwiTrotskyism kanye ne-counter-Revolution, babeka odongeni.
Okwesikhulu - Ibhubesi Sedov, umlandeli kaThemmermer noYise, afa nezimo ezingacacile, unyaka ngemuva kokudutshulwa komfowabo omncane. U-Lero wenza umsebenzi wokususa i-appendicitis emtholampilo waseParis, kodwa washona. ULev Danovich akazange akungabaze ukuthi uLev wasusa i-Omnipresent NKVD ngemiyalo ye-Stalin.
Empilweni kaLeo Danovich kwakungomunye wesifazane owayeyithandayo - umculi osemusha othosiwe uCalo. Okokuqala ngemuva kokuthuthela eMexico, uTrotsky noNatalia Sedov babehlala endlini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kaFrida nomyeni wakhe weDiego River, endaweni engaphansi kweMexico City - koyaacane. Umshado kaTrotsky noSedovo bacishe bawa ngenxa kanxantathu wothando. Isiguquli saseRussia esineminyaka engu-58 sathandana nomculi, lowo u-Advocate waba yindlela yokuziphindisela emyeniyeni womyeni wakhe ngokuvukela umbuso.
UFrida Kalo, ngokusho kombhali we-biography kaTrotky George Chernyavsky, wabiza umthandi osekhulile "Imbuzi encane". ULev Davovich udluliselwe noFrieda ngesiNgisi, lowo oshade naye uNatalia Sedov owayengazazi. Kepha kungekudala unkosikazi wabona ukuthi phakathi komyeni wakhe kanye ne-sultry mexican okuthile okungaphezu kobungane nenhlonipho.
Umyeni ongalungile wathuthela eVilla of Diego River eVilla, lapho washeshe wabona khona ukuthi uthando lukaFrida luncibilikile. UKalo uphinde wavuma umngani "okhathele yindoda endala." NgoJulayi 19, 1937, uTrotsky wabhala uNatalia uyincwadi empunga, wafika kulolu suku lwanamuhla, kodwa ngenxa yamazwi kanina, futhi akazange acashunwe), futhi unkosikazi wamvumela ukuba abuyele endlini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukuze imemori kaFrida Calo yethule isithandwa esingu-ex-isithombe siye esithombeni esibizwa nge- "phakathi kwabaphathi", kepha isinguquko sasikhohlwa isithombe (noma sishiywe ngamabomu) ngemuva kokuhamba. Abalingani bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engama-38.
AmaMemoim mayelana nokuphila kukaMkhulu nogogo wabhala umzukulu kaJulia Alelrod, indodakazi yendodana encane kaTrotsky - USergey. UJulia wasuka eSoviet Union waya eMelika, wabe eseya kwa-Israyeli, lapho ngashicilela khona incwadi yezinkumbulo, amadokhumenti omndeni kanye nemininingwane yemvelo, kukhanyiswe kancane.
Ukushona
Ngo-1951, eParis, eNatalia Sedov ekubhaleni umhlangano kanye nomngane uViktor Serge washicilela i-biography yendoda.
Iminyaka emibili yokugcina yokuphila, owesifazane wayehlala eFrance. Wafa eParis ngoDisemba 1962, eneminyaka engama-80. Ngangcwaba uNatalia Sedov, njengoba evakashele, egcekeni lendlu eMexico City, lapho umngane womshado ayesephumule khona.