I-Biograge
Umfundi wanamuhla kunzima ukumangala, ngoba kuzobonakala, konke kushiwo futhi konke kubhaliwe. Isibonelo, hhayi minyaka yonke abalobi abasha bavela minyaka yonke, ngubani, ngaphansi kombono wezincwadi zikaJohn Tolkina noRoger Zhiby, bangena ezweni elimnandi lezimanga. Amakhasi emisebenzi yabo agcwele umthamo oqanjiwe, iziphonso zemilingo, ama-elves, amancanyana nezinye izinto ezengeziwe nezidalwa. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke ababhali abachaza imilingo yemilingo abathole ama-laurels of honi.
I-England Terry Pratchett ingenye yalabo ezincwadi zabo ezilala emashalofini abathandi bezinganekwane ezikhuthele. Akagcinanga kuphela obhuka izinhlanzi kuphela ngezwe eliyimfihlakalo, kodwa futhi wanikeza imisebenzi yakhe ngeSatire, kanye nefilosofi ejulile, kodwa engenakuqhathaniswa. Lo mbhali ujwayelene nezincwadi "Abadali beziphonso" (1987), "iRim Reaper" (1991), "Masquerade" (1995) neminye imisebenzi emangalisayo.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UTerry Pratchett wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 28, 1948. I-Motherland yombhali yidolobha laseBecesfield, elisendaweni esemkhosini yeBakinghamshire (United Kingdom). Mayelana nabazali bakaTerry Ulwazi akwanele, kuyaziwa ukuthi umfana usukhulile futhi wawuletha ukuphela kwengane emndenini kaDavid no-Eiley Pratchett.
UTerry waqala ukukhombisa uthando ngokufunda ebuntwaneni bokuqala, esikhundleni semidlalo nabangane amemeza izincwadi futhi wayethanda ukufunda indawo yonke. Umfana uqoqe ama-liners ezinkanyezi, athola itiye lemikhiqizo edumile yesiNgisi.
UPratchet osemusha wafunwa, njengoGalileo Galileo, ukuzobheka isibonakude impilo yakhe yonke, kodwa ukuze ube yi-Astroser, wawuntula amakhono wezibalo, ngoba uTerry wayengumsebenzi weqiniso (noma kunjalo, wafunda esikoleni nge-technical bias).
Ngemuva kwalokho le nsizwa yaba nentshisekelo kwinganekwane yesayensi, imisebenzi yakhe ka-Arthur Conan Doyle noHerbert Wells, owabhalisa "umshini wesikhathi". Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu, uTerry akazange aqhubeke noGranite weSayensi yesayensi. Esikhundleni sokuhambisa amadokhumenti eyunivesithi, i-Pratchett, ngemvume yabazali, yaya ekubhukuda kwamahhala futhi yalungisa intatheli ephephandabeni lendawo yamaphephandaba.
Into yokufunda
UTerry wathatha i-inKWell kanye nepeni eneminyaka eyishumi nantathu, khona-ke umfana wethule endabeni yakhe yokuqala ebizwa nge- "Business Rivals" ("The Haeson Business Business"). Le nsizwa yasungula uzungu olungaqondakali, ijikeleza indoda egama layo lingu-Crece, othola efulethini lakhe efulethini efwini lesibabule.
Kamuva, umsebenzi wokudonswa kukaTerry wanyatheliswa ephephandabeni lesikole, wabe esephrinta ejeni lesayensi. By the way, "i-hades Business" yaletha umfana imali yokuqala - ukushicilelwa kwakhokhela ithalente elincane le- £ 14. Umsebenzi olandelayo - "Ubusuku Bahlala" - wabona ukukhanya ngo-1965 kuphela.
Ngo-1965 okufanayo, uTerry uba ngumbhali ojwayelekile (izifundo zokulungiswa kwezintatheli) futhi uyaqhubeka nokuhlola amakhono akhe omlobi kuma-expression of Bucks MAHHALA. Le nsizwa yasungulwa cishe izindaba ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili ezinganeni ezanyatheliswa ephephandabeni ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym "uMalume Jim".
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi abalingiswa bokuqala bakwaPratchett batholakala emsebenzini 'wabantu bekhaphethi "(1971). By the way, le ncwadi yaphuma ngenxa yePeter Bander van Duren, umqondisi womshicileli, lapho uTerry athatha khona ingxoxo. Intatheli yashiwo ukuthi yabhala le noveli "abantu bakaPoripathi", futhi uPhetro wavuma ukunika lo msebenzi, wathi uPratchett wayeyithalente elingafinyeleleki.
Ngokulandelayo, uTerry waba ngumlobi wamanoveli amabili aqanjiwe esayensi: waqamba "uhlangothi olumnyama lwelanga" (1976) no "stratus" (1981). Umbhali waqaphela ukuthi le misebenzi yasungulwa kusihlwa ebusika ebusika lapho engenazo ezinye izindaba.
Ngo-1982, uTerry Pratchett waba nokwehluleka. Njengoba umlobi osemusha wayenokuthengisa okuncane, umshicileli wamaNgisi wezincwadi wenqabile ukusebenzisana nomlobi. Inzuzo kaTerry ayibekanga izandla futhi ayizange ayibuze ithalente lakhe, iyaqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi amaPrathots alandelayo, ngokusho kweminye imininingwane, wayengumbhali othengiswa kakhulu e-UK walezo zikhathi.
Ngokushesha, ngenxa yalowo mngani, waqala ukushicilelwa endlini yokushicilela yaseCorgi, ngakho-ke incwadi ethi "Umbala Wemilingo" (1983), eyanikeza isiqalo somjikelezo "wezwe" odumile ", okubandakanya imisebenzi engama-41. Phakathi kwabo kukhona "abadali bezinsimbi" (1987), "abasebenzi nesigqoko" (1988), "odade abade" (1988), "Guidge! Qapha! " (1989), "Esikhali! Izikhali! " (1992), "Masquerade" (1995), njll.
UTerry Prachstrat wathola ukuqashelwa, ubukhosi bezinhliziyo ze-multimplion of Fans, okuyinto uDiana Pearson amsize, ehlele ifilimu elinamaqembu ayisithupha emsakazweni we-BBC, ohlelweni "lwehora lowesifazane". Izenzo ezincwadini ezivela ochungechungeni lwe- "Flat World" zenzeka eplanethi ebonakalayo enefomu le-disk. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uTerry akazange adambise imithetho ka-Einstein, eNewton naseLeibnitsa, futhi wasungula i-physics yakhe.
Ezindabeni zakhe ku-rainbow - imibala eyisishiyagalombili, ijubane lokukhanya liyincazelo encane, futhi umlingo akuyona into enhle, kodwa impahla futhi ejwayelekile. Umjikelezo uhlukaniswe ngama-subciklov ambalwa, futhi abalingiswa abaphambili bangama-rinsvind, ama-lanka abathakathi, ukufa, i-von lipwig nezinye izinhlamvu.
Umhlaba oyisicaba owakhiwe izidalwa ezinhle. Eskrola izincwadi zikaTerry, umfundi uhlangana nama-troll, ama-vampires, ama-elves kanye nama-zombies anegazi. I-Pratchett ethakazelisa kahle ichaze umlingo wabathakathi be-lanka abambiwa ngomlilo, babheke ilogi: kuba amahloni futhi kuvutha ngamahloni.
Umsebenzi wesibili kaTerry ovela kulolu chungechunge uyincwadi ebizwa ngokuthi yi- "Mad Star", enyatheliswa ngo-1986. Isakhiwo sijikeleza ezungeze ubuhlakani - ukuvikela i-riesvind, owazi kuphela isipelingi esisodwa esivela encwadini ye-octavo, kodwa engamkhumbuli. UPratchett akazange anikeze umlingiswa ophambili ngezimfanelo ezinhle, ngakho-ke umlingo wobugwala ubonakala enkingeni.
Ngo-1987, i-biography ye-Criveive yombhali yagcwaliswa ngencwadi yesine evela kumjikelezo - "Mor, umfundi wokufa", okwaba ngumthengisi we-BestSeller. UTerry wakhuluma ngale nsizwa ebingenakwenza lutho epulazini lomzali wakhe. Ngakho-ke, lo mfo waya esikhwameni, lapho ukufa uqobo kwakungumeluleki wakhe. Kuliqiniso, amathambo amnyama eBalahon anquma ukuthatha usuku lokuphumula, ngakho-ke ithuba lokuthatha abantu emhlabeni lihlukile.
Ngendlela, bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi inganekwane yesayensi yasiza iNayile GameA ukuze ibe ngumlobi othandwayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi uMlobi woMlobi "wonkulunkulu baseMelika" bambonisa ukusalungiswa komsebenzi wakhe wokudubula, futhi uTerry wahlabeka umxhwele ngemizamo yomlobi we-novice ahlongoza ukubambisana. Ngakho-ke ngabona ukukhanya kwencwadi ethi "Izimpawu Ezihlangene" (1990), kwalotshwa ngeGamean neTerry Pratchett.
Lesi sakhiwo sezinhloso ezinhle "sitshela umfundi ngengelosi nedemoni elizama ukuvimba i-apocalypse. Ummeleli wobumnyama nesithunywa sokukhanya wanquma ukuthi ukuphela kwezwe bekungeke kuholele kunoma yini enhle, kungakhathalekile imiphumela yempi. Ngakho-ke, ingelosi nedemoni baqala ukubamba iqhaza emfundweni yesikhathi esizayo Umphik'ukkristu, ongakaze ukhothamele kunoma yiliphi iqembu.
Incwadi yathola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kwabagxeki, futhi u-Alexander Gaginsky waphawula ukuthi lo msebenzi ubumsulwa wenza umnikelo omkhulu kune-Geiman.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Empilweni kaTerry Pratchet kwakungeyona nje indoda emomotheka kuphela, kodwa futhi nendoda yomndeni eyisibonelo, yashada ne-Lin Pratchett. Emshadweni, okuwukuphela kwendodakazi kaRihanna, ephathelene nobuntatheli futhi ibhala imibhalo emidlalweni yamakhompyutha.
Kuyaziwa nangokuthi uTerry wavuma izilwane ezinomsila okhulekele eGibhithe lasendulo. UPratchett waze waba ngumlobi wencwadi ehlekisayo ethi "Ikati ngaphandle kokuhlobisisa" ("Ikati ngaphandle kweziwula", 1989), okunguhlobo lwe-encyclopedia egameni lenhlangano eqanjiwe elilwela "amakati angempela", okungukuthi, uMongrel, onobuhlakani futhi I-capricious.
Ukushona
Ngo-2007, abezindaba bahola imininingwane yokuthi uTerry Pratchett uhlu anefomu elingajwayelekile lesifo se-Alzheimer (ekuqaleni). Ngo-2009, kwaziwa ukuthi uTerry wacabanga ukuthi uTerry wacabanga nge-euthanasasia ngokuzithandela futhi wahlela ukuya eSwitzerland, lapho ukuzibulala okusemthethweni okusizwa khona. I-Paradox ilele eqinisweni lokuthi uPratchett wayevame ukushaya amamatheka futhi afakwe izincwadi zakhe ngamahlaya, kodwa kaningi akhuluma ngokuzithandela okushiya ngokuzithandela.
Ngo-2012, impilo kaTerry yaya ekwehleni. Umuntu onethalente kwakunzima ukubhala nokufunda, kodwa ukuphazamisa ubuze obungelutho bokuthi, waqhubeka nokusebenza ngemisebenzi, echaza isiphakamiso kuma-comrades akhe (kwesinye isikhathi asebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuqashelwa kwenkulumo).
Ukufa okungalindelekile kwasindisa ubuhlakani bezincwadi esonweni esibi, kwenkolo. UTerry wabulawa ngokugula ngoMashi 12, 2015. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi emizuzwini yokugcina yempilo kaPratchett ikwazile ukubhala i-Tweet ebalulekile, kodwa emfushane - "ukuphela". Ngemuva kokushona kombhali, abalandeli bakhe besosizini beza nenganekwane enhle lapho iqhawe lomsebenzi wakhe kwakuthathwa khona okuzayo.
Amacaphuna
"Isithako esibalulekile sempumelelo akufanele sazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukukugcwalisa" "" Abantu bayizidalwa ezithokozisayo. Emhlabeni, izimangaliso ezigcwele, zikwazile ukuza nesizungu "" Inzondo uthando olubuyile "" Kukhona ukufa futhi kukhona intela emibi kakhulu, ngoba ukufa kwenzeka kanye empilweni, kanye nentela - Njalo ngonyaka "" Chaos uhlala ephumelela i-oda ngoba kuhlelwe kangcono "I-Bibliography
- 1983 - "Umbala womlingo"
- 1986 - "Mad Star"
- 1987 - "Ma, umfundi Wokufa"
- 1988 - "Odade Abade"
- Ngo-1989 - "Abagcini! Qaphela! "
- 1990 - "Izithombe Ezihambayo"
- Ngo-1991 - "Abathakathi phesheya"
- 1992 - "Onkulunkulu Abancane"
- 1992 - "Amantombazane neNkosi"
- 1993 - "Esikhali! Izikhali! "
- 1994 - "Umculo we-Rock"
- 1995 - "Izikhathi ezithokozisayo"
- 1995 - "Masquerade"
- 1996 - "Izinyawo zobumba"
- 1996 - "Santa Khrsakak"