Andrey White - Biography, isithombe, Impilo Yakho, Izincwadi, Izinkondlo

I-Biograge

Imbongi, ummeleli okhanyayo wophawu lwaseRussia, prose, umgxeki olwabhalisayo kanye nesazi sefilosofi u-Andrei White - indodana yesikhathi esimangalisayo samasiko, ebizwa nge- "Siliva Century". Izikhathi ezingaziwa kakhulu umbhali ziyathakazelisa ekusungulweni nasekutholwe, ngezindlela eziningi zinqume ukubonakala kwezincwadi zokuqala kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Ukubona uhlobo oluthile lokuhlukanisa emhlabeni wonke, umlobi noPhilosopher White waphetha ngokuthi umthombo wokushaqeka kwezenhlalo ulele engcupheni yezinto ezimbili zokugcina - empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Ama-connoisseurs omsebenzi wakhe anethemba lokuthi u-Andrei White Best wabo bonke abantu besikhathi besikhathi esivezwa yinto eyinkimbinkimbi njengethuba lokuguqula.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yekhulu lesiliva yazalwa ekwindla yango-1880 enhlokodolobha, emndenini ohlakaniphile wamaSuscovites Omdabu. UBoris Bugaev ROS wakhulisa emoyeni wezinto ezimbili eziphikisanayo - izibalo nomculo, kamuva okwakuyithinta kakhulu izinkondlo zakhe.

Umama - U-Alexander Egorova - owethula indodana ezweni lomculo futhi wafaka uthando ngemisebenzi yabaqambi abanobuhlakani baseRussia naseYurophu. Ubaba - isazi sezibalo esidumile, wasebenza njengoDean Moscow University. UNikolay Bugaev walindela imibono eminingi ye "cosmists" kanye neKonstantin TsiOlkovsky, yasungulwa isikole sezibalo.

Ngo-1891, uBoris Bugaev waba ngumfundi we-Gymnasium L. I. Polivanova, lapho afunda khona kwaze kwaba ngu-1899. E-Gymnasium, uBugaev Jr. waba nesithakazelo enkolweni yamaBuddha kanye nezimfihlo zemilingo. Kubalobi kanye nabesilifilosofi, isithakazelo sakhe saheha umsebenzi weFyodor Dostoevsky, uHenrika IBSEN noFriedrich Nietzsche. Izinkondlo zeBalmont zaziyizinkondlo zezinkondlo zabantu abasha, uValery Byysov noDmitry Merezkovsky.

Ezindongeni ze-Gymnasium zamadoda ePrechisten, imbongi yesikhathi esizayo isibonisi yenza abangane noSergey Solovyov. I-Alias ​​Alias ​​"u-Andrei White" wabonakala ngibonga uYise USergey: Ikhaya likaSolovyov laba yindlu yesibili yombhali womlobi. UMfoweth 'uSergey - Isazi sefilosofi uVladimir Soloviev - wathonya ukwakheka kwe-Worldview Andrei White White.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwePollivan Gymnasium, u-Andrei White waba ngumfundi waseNyuvesi yaseMoscow, lapho afundisa khona uyise. UNikolay Bugaev wagcizelela iNdodana ukuthi ikhethe ubuhlakani be-physics kanye ne-mathematics. Ngemuva kokuphela kwakhe, abamhlophe ngo-1904 baba ngumfundi waseyunivesithi futhi baqala ukutadisha umlando nePhilology, kodwa ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 basuka eyunivesithi baye eYurophu.

Into yokufunda

Ngo-1901, u-Andrei White - Umfundi waseNyuvesi - washicilela umsebenzi wokuqala. "I-Symphony (2nd, i-Dramatic)" ikhombise ama-connoisseurs ezinkondlo zokuzalwa kohlobo lwe "Symphony" ebhaliwe, uMdali wawo obhekwa njengomhlophe. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1900s, ukukhanya kwabona "I-Northern Symphony (1st, Heroic)", "Buyisela" kanye ne- "Flash Cup". Le mibhalo yezinkondlo iyinhlangano emangalisayo yamagama nomculo, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Rhythmic prose.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, u-Andrei White wahlangana nezimpawu zaseMoscow, ezazihlelwe njengeqembu elizungeze indlu yokushicilela "ne-" Scorpio ". Lapho-ke iMoskvich yangena ngaphansi kwethonya lezimbongi zeSt. Peterry Merezhkovsky naseZinaida Hippius, abashicileli balo magazini "Indlela entsha ngokubhala izindatshana eziningana zefilosofi.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1903, u-Andrei White walala no-Alexander Blok: Abalobi babebhala kabusha. Umuntu ojwayelene nomuntu okhule waba ummangaliso noma ubungani, ukuthi ngabe ubutha benzeka ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngawo lowo nyaka, imbongi eyinqaba yabantu abanomqondo ofanayo bahlela umbuthano "we-aronauts". Ngo-1904, iqoqo lokuqala lezinkondlo "Igolide eliya eLazuri" lashicilelwa, elalihlanganisa nenkondlo "yelanga".

Ekuqaleni kuka-1905, u-Andrei White wafika eMerezhkovsky naseHippiyuk eSt. Petersburg futhi wabona izenzakalo zokuqala zokuguqula ezathatha ngentshiseko, kepha zahlala zihlukile kulokho okwenzeka. Ukuphela kwekwindla kanye nokuqala komlobi wasebusika wango-1906 kwakuhlala eMunich, wabe esethuthela eParis, lapho ahlala khona kuze kube ngu-1907. Ngo-1907, u-Andrei White wabuyela eMoscow, lapho asebenza khona kumagazini "esikalini" futhi asebenzisane nokushicilelwa "koboya begolide".

Ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi yokuqala yawo-1900s, ababhali bethule amaqoqo ezinkondlo "umlotha" no "Urn". Inkondlo yokuqala yinkondlo "Rus". Iminyaka eyishumi elandelayo imakwe ngokukhishwa kwamanoveli "Isiliva Pigeon" ne- "Petersburg".

Ngo-Okthoba 1916, i-biography yokudala ka-Andrei White yathuthukiswa ngenoveli entsha "Kitty Flyev". Umbhali wabona iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, njengezinsumansumane zaseRussia. Ehlobo lonyaka ofanayo, umlobi wacela inkonzo yezempi, kodwa ngoSepthemba banikeze ukubambezeleka. U-Andrey White wahlala emadolobheni aphansi, bese edolobhaneni lasebukhosini ngaphansi kwePetrograd.

Emhlanganweni kaFebhuwari, umhlophe wabona insindiso, walingisa umbono walokho okwakwenzeka enkondlweni "Kristu" kanye nokuqoqwa kwezinkondlo "inkanyezi". Ngemuva kokuphela kwenguquko, u-Andrei White wasebenza ezikhungweni zeSoviet. Wayenguthisha kanye nothisha, amakilasi aholwa ngabalobi be-novice "ngokushesha", aba ngumshicileli wephephabhuku "amanothi ophuphayo".

Ukudumazeka kwezenzo zikahulumeni omusha kuphothulwe u-Andrei White to Eddigration. Ngo-1921, umlobi nefilosofi eya eBerlin, lapho ayehlala khona futhi asebenza khona iminyaka emithathu. Ekupheleni kuka-1923, okumhlophe kwabuyela ezweni lakubo futhi kwahlala eRussia kwaze kwaba yizinsuku zakamuva.

Ama-prossais abhale amanovels "Moskovsky Chudak", "Moscow ngaphansi kwe-Blow" kanye "Masks", ama-Memology ashicilelwe mayelana ne-block kanye ne-trilogy mayelana nezinguquko eziguquliwe (inoveli "ishicilelwa). Ukuxhumana ne-Authority Andrei White akuzange kusungulwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo, ngenxa yalokho umsebenzi wommeleli ogqamile kakhulu kanye "nekhulu lesiliva" kuphela lapho kuphela eyamashumi amabili.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

UTerei White's Love onobukhulu obunezimbongi ezingokomfanekiso uValery Bryusov no-Alexander Blok kanye namakhosikazi abo aboniswa endalweni. AmaBruce achaze uthando olumhlophe nomkakhe uNina Petrovskaya e "Fure Angela". Ngo-1905, uPetrovskaya wadubula isithandwa, futhi wanikezele kuye ukugcotshwa kwenkondlo "Abangane".

Ubuhlobo obuhlungu nonkosikazi webhulokhi - uthando lwe-menduevoy - oluphefumulelwe u-Andrei White ukudala inoveli "Petersburg". Abathandi bahlangane efulethini elikhiphekayo, kodwa ekugcineni, uMendeleev wakhetha umyeni wakhe, owayemenyezelwa ngabamhlophe, afune ukungangeni ekhaya labo. Ukuphelelwa yithemba kwaqhubekela phambili imbongi ukuyosuka phesheya.

Ukubuya eYurophu kuya eRussia entwasahlobo yango-1909, u-Andrei White wahlangana no-Anna Turcheva, umshana we-Classics. Ebusika bango-1910, othandekayo wahamba nomlobi ohambweni. Lo mbhangqwana wajikeleza eNyakatho Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Entwasahlobo yango-1914, eBern, emhlophe naseTurgenev washada, kodwa ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 umbhali wabuyela ezweni lakubo. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5 weza eJalimane kumkakhe, kepha ubuhlobo bomile. Isehlukaniso.

Ekwindla ka-1923, u-Andrei White wahlangana nowesifazane aphila ngaye impilo yakhe yonke. UClaudia Vasilyeva, noma ifu, njengoba umhlophe othandekayo u-Andrei wabiza, ehlobo lika-1931, waphendula imvume yesicelo sesandla sakhe nenhliziyo.

Ukushona

U-Andrei White washona ezandleni zeCloud ngoJanuwari 8, 1934 kusukela ekukhubazekeni kwepheshana lokuphefumula. Ungcwabe imbongi e-Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery. UClaudia Vasilyeva wahlolisisa umsebenzi woMsebenzi odumile wesilumbi, ubhala ngencwadi yezinkumbulo.

Ukukhumbula

Abacwaningi abanegunya kanye nabagxeki bemibhalo baqinisekisa ukuthi ngaphandle kokufunda ifa lokudala lika-Andrei White One alikwazi ukwazisa ubuhle obuhle bezinkondlo zezinkondlo ze-xix - amakhulukhulu ama-xx. Ngakho-ke, ophikweni olunesifiso sezinkondlo zaseRussia, ngokuqinisekile bajwayelane nobuqambi be-theoretics of asthrism kanye ne-anthroposofo-furstic.

Izinkondlo "zezwe" elimhlophe "," ukuphelelwa yithemba "," kusuka efasiteleni lenqolobane "kanye" nokuzindla "kukhona ama-connoisseurs adumile futhi athandekayo wekhulu lezinkondlo". Bajwayele ukucaphuna abantu besikhathi, bekhuluma ngezimbongi izibonelelo.

Kufika eminyakeni engama-26 ubudala u-Andrei White wahlala endlini e-Arbat. Efulethini lapho ama-theoretics of ascism adlula theretics, ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, wasungula umnyuziyamu. Endlini yeBugaev kwakuyibhubesi elithi Tolstoy.

I-Bibliography

Amanoveli

• "Isiliva Pigeon. Tale ngezahluko eziyi-7
• I-pettherburg
• "Kitty Flyev"
• "Epiphany Chinese"
• "Moscow Chudak"
• "I-Moscow Ngaphansi Kokushaywa"
• "Masks. Inoveli "

Ubumbongi

• "Igolide eLazuri"
• "Umlotha. Izinkondlo "
• "Urn. Inkondlo "
• "UKristu uvukile. Inkondlo "
• "Usuku lokuqala. Inkondlo "
• "Inkanyezi. Izinkondlo Ezintsha "
• "Royal and Knights. Inganekwane"
• "Inkanyezi. Izinkondlo Ezintsha "
• "Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa"
• "Gsulalia. Inkondlo ngomsindo "
• "Izinkondlo Eziphathelene Russia"