I-Biograge
I-Biography of the Fagrast ehamba phambili yaseFrance kanye nomdlandla wesikhathi sanamuhla, ogama lakhe lingukuthi abaseYurophu abangalindelekile kakhulu, uMark Levi, bahlaba umxhwele ngobubanzi bezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene umbhali we-Ten World Fiteriry Exerlies wasebenza esiphambanweni ebomvu, bese kuba ukwakhiwa komklami noMklami. Umlobi usedumile ngemuva kokungena ekukhanyisweni kwenoveli "phakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba", okwakukhangwa kamuva.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMark Levi wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 16, 1961 edolobheni laseBoulogne (Paris). Ubaba womlobi uRaymond, umJuda ovela kulo, eMpini Yezwe Yesibili kwakungumuntu obambelayo wokumelana nesiFulentshi ekulweni nama-35 amaKhomanisi Amanye Amazwe Amanye AmaKhomanisi Amanye Amazwe Amanye Amazwe Amanye Amazwe Amanye AmaKhokho asuselwa eToulouse.
Imicimbi eminingi kanye namacala omndeni wakwaLevi kwaba isisekelo seRomanov kaMarku esizayo, kanye ne-biofiograph yombhali - uClaude, owathola indawo yakhe emsebenzini 'wezingane zenkululeko'.
Ngemuva kokufunda esikoleni, uMark wajoyina amazinga eRed Cross, kwenzeka ngawo-1979. Ngemuva kwalokho uLevi wayeneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, ukuze kuboniswe intshiseko nokusekelwa kwezakhamizi zikaBuloni, umfana onozwela wadluliselwa eParis, ummisa nguMqondisi woMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo waseNtshonalanga.
Ekupheleni kuka-1982, uPublist wesikhathi esizayo wangena eyunivesithi yaseMetropolitan Diefst, lapho esehlele khona inkampani yakhe yokuqala ekwakhiweni kokwakheka kwale ndawo.
E-23, uMark waya e-United States. Lapho, insizwa ye-Ideological yanaka ngokushesha, futhi yaba ngomunye wabasunguli abaphambili bezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu eCalifornia naseColorado. Kakade-ke, umFulentshi osemusha waqonda kahle ukuthi ikusasa limelela ubuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi zonke izinkampani ezivuleke eminyakeni ezayo ekhethekile ngemidlalo yekhompyutha.
Ngo-1991, uMark wabuyela ezweni lakubo, eshiya ukuholwa kwamagatsha aseMelika kubalingani bakhe. Kakade izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokubuya, umlobi wahlela inkampani enkulu eFrance, egxile ekwakhiweni nasekwakhiweni kwezinto ezikhethekile. Kuze kube manje, le qembu lezemininingwane lingenye yezinto eziholayo futhi ezifunwa kakhulu ezweni.
Into yokufunda
Incwadi Yesikweletu ("futhi uma lokhu kuyiqiniso?", Igama lesibili "phakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba") sombango odumile waphuma ngo-1998. Lo msebenzi wamukela isimemezelo sokuqala kusuka kubo bonke abaseRoma kaLevi. Ifilimu legama elifanayo ngo-2005 ladutshulwa endimeni eholayo noReese Witherspoon noMark Ruffalo.
I-Romantic futhi ngasikhathi sinye, umlando omubi wentombazane yesipoki kanye nomuntu olula waseSan Francisco waphinde wabekwa ngumphathi wamanzi, okunguMdali wamantombazane "omile" kanye ne- "Chumova ngoLwesihlanu".
Ngo-2001, inoveli "ukuphi?", Okwaba yisisekelo seribhoni elinezilwane eziningi zesiteshi se-TV se-M-6 segama elifanayo. Uchungechunge olutholwe lubandakanya iziqephu eziyishumi, futhi uLevi ngokwakhe waba ngomunye wabaqondisi befilimu. ERussia, le ncwadi yavela ngo-2007 kuphela, njengoba iningi leRomanov elihunyushelwe olimini lwesiRussia.
Ngo-2008, omunye umbhali "wonke umuntu ufuna ukuthanda," kwaqalwa enye incwadi, umqondisi wefilimu wenziwa ngudadewabo wombhali - uLorrain. Lapho-ke ukukhanya kwakusekhona amanoveli kaMark ambalwa, phakathi kwazo "ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa zokudala", "abuye ahlangane", "lawo mazwi esawangawasho komunye nomunye", "usuku lokuqala" kanye "nobusuku bokuqala."
Ngo-2010 kwaphawulwa ukushicilelwa komsebenzi we- "Thunce of the Shadows". Umlingisi ophambili umfana ophuphayo ongakwazi ukuxhumana nezithunzi zomuntu futhi wathumba. Amathunzi ahlukaniswe ngezimfihlo zezingane, futhi kwesinye isikhathi aze acele usizo. Njengoba esevuthiwe futhi uba udokotela, usebenzisa isipho sakhe sokuphulukiswa kweziguli. Kodwa-ke, phila umphefumulo wakhe ku-Love Torch Guy akakwazi.
Ngemuva konyaka, izincwadi "uhambo oluyinqaba uMnu. Doldri" uvele emashalofini, "hamba uzobuya", futhi ngonyaka ka-2013, abafundi balwazise imisebenzi 'yokwesaba okunamandla' "nenye injabulo."
Esikhathini esifanayo, ukwakhiwa kukaLevi ngaphansi kwegama elithi "ubuhlakani boku-oda" kwashicilelwa, lapho uMarku echaza khona inqubo yokusebenza ebizwa ngokuthi yifreyiti. Umlobi wawusebenzisa mathupha iminyaka embalwa ukuxazulula imisebenzi yebhizinisi, ukukhiqiza imibono, ukubhala izindatshana nezincwadi.
Ngo-2016, umsebenzi we- "Spired Horizon" washicilelwa, lapho abafundi abathathu be-American University of Neurobiology besembundwini wokutholwa kwesayensi. Ekuphakameni komsebenzi womunye wabo kuyogula. Ukungafuni ukwamukela isiphetho, abangane banquma ukusebenzisa impumelelo yabo yesayensi bese beqala ukuhlolwa okuyingozi, okungumphumela kabani ongalindelekile.
Naphezu kokuthandwa okunjengomhlaba wonke emhlabeni, umbhali akanawo umklomelo wemibhalo (ngaphandle komklomelo we-GoYa wenoveli yokuqala). UMdali wefilosofi ngokwakhe ubhekisela endabeni enjalo, waphawula ukuthi eFrance Lesi sikhungo sezincwadi siphela, futhi imiklomelo iyathakazelisa kuphela kulabo abahlelekile, nalabo abaninikele. Bona uqobo abasho lutho kumuntu wokufunda.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yombhali ayikaze idlule izinguquko ezinkulu eminyakeni edlule. Ukunqoba inhliziyo yomlobi kwakwazi ukuthola umfokazi omuhle kakhulu ogama lakhe linguPolin Leek. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngaphambi kokuhlangana noMark, wasebenza njengentatheli "umdlalo wePharishi" futhi waba nesibopho sezindaba ze-cinema.
Lapho abashadikazi bezalelwa uGeorges, uPauline waqala ukuchitha umsanda kuzalwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, eza naye watshela indodana yenganekwane futhi wanquma ukubhala phansi wabashicilela.
Ubaba womfazi wombhali ungumculi ofunde indodakazi yakhe esemncane ebuntwaneni, ngakho-ke kwakungekho mfanekiso nemifanekiso encwadini entsha.
Njengoba uGeorges ethanda ukudlala izimoto, umlingiswa ophambili womsebenzi wawungu-Fiat 400 omncane ogama lakhe linguBip-Bip. Incwadi yokuqala ibhalelwe abafundi abakhuluma isiNgisi, kanti okwesibili - i-diglotte, i.e. Izilimi ezimbili, isiNgisi nesiFulentshi.
Bambalwa abantu abaziyo, kodwa lapho izincwadi sezikulungele, uPauline wayenezinkinga ngohlelo lwazo. Le ntokazi yanquma ukushicilela kuphela eFrance, kodwa hhayi umshicileli wamaFrance owodwa wezincwadi zababhali abaqalayo, ecabanga ngezinganekwane zakhe nge-Banal and Dinternesting. Ngemuva kwemizamo engaphumelelanga yokushicilela, wanquma ukushicilela indalo yawo ngokwawo.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodana yesibili kaLuis Levk akuzange kushiye ukubhala nakulolu suku kubhala izindaba ezimfushane nendaba eyakha izingane.
Mark Levi manje
Ngo-2017, incwadi ethi "Okokugcina kweStanfield" yashicilelwa kuma-counters. Maphakathi nesakhiwo saseRoma - u-Erinor-Rigby, intatheli evela eLondon, kunoma uSuku Olubonakalayo lwathola incwadi engaziwa. Yathi umama wakhe unesikhathi esidlule sobugebengu, okufunwa yiBarryshne.
Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Master IkaBhalarisi evela eCanada okuthiwa nguGeorge Harrison ithola umyalezo ofanayo osolwa ngonina ngobugebengu obunamathela. Ongaziwa umema womabili emhlanganweni ku-cafe "amatilosi" eBaltimore ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa akezi.
Izisulu zomdlalo, zijwayelane, zithole isithombe odongeni lwe-cafe, lapho kwathathwa khona izintombi ezimbili, zijabulisa ephathini. Amantombazane amancane esithombeni ngunina, futhi isithombe ngokwaso sineminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu.
Ukuma kuma-maze wezimfihlakalo ze-Stanfield George yomndeni enethonya nomhlaba ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani ekuqaleni kwama-80s nalokho abasolwa ngabazali babo.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-2001 - "Phakathi Kwezulu Nezwe"
- 2001 - "ukuphi?"
- Ngo-2003 - "Izinsuku Eziyisikhombisa Zokudalwa"
- Ngo-2004 - "Ngokuzayo"
- 2005 - hlangana futhi "
- Ngo-2007 - "Izingane Zenkululeko"
- Ngo-2008 - "Amagama Athi Awasho Kanjani komunye nomunye"
- 2010 - "Namanje Semithunzi"
- 2012 - Yiya Ekubuyeni "
- 2013 - "Ukwesaba Okunamandla"
- 2014 - "Enye Injabulo"
- Ngo-2015 - "yena naye"
- Ngo-2016 - "I-Tilon Horizon"
- 2017 - "Ekugcineni kweStanfield"