I-Biograge
I-Kirk Douglas ingesinye sabamele bokugcina be-Golden Age of Hollywood, inkanyezi yakudala ye-cinema yaseMelika ne-World Cinema, igubha ngekhulu le-2016. Umuntu owayengumbukiso obonakalayo noPhilanthrop waphawula njengomlobi onekhono, enikeza abafundi amanoveli ambalwa nezikhumbuzo. Kepha into esemqoka ku-biography yenkanyezi yaseHollywood ibilokhu ihlala i-cinema.Umlingisi uthole umklomelo omkhulu womkhakha wamafilimu ngonyaka ka-1996 ukuhlonipha udumo nenhlonipho. E-Asset of Douglas-Senior Golden Globe, "Hlonipha I-Golden Cale" kanye nama-Acoren An 10, kanye neHollyyood "Alley of Inkazimulo" kunenkanyezi ebhalisiwe.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlingisi wesikhathi esizayo wazalelwa eMelika Amsterdam ngasekupheleni kuka-1916. I-Kirk yindodana yokuqala nengane yesine emndenini wabafuduki baseRussia abampofu. UHerschl Danichich no-Brown Sanglel bashiya leli dolobhana laseChaus amakhilomitha angama-40 ukusuka eMogilev (khona-ke uMbuso WaseRussia) ngo-1910.
Lapho ngizalwa, indodana yathola igama elithi Stero (Iza). Wakhulela emphakathini wamaJuda futhi waqala wabona ukuthi yimuphi ama-anti-Semitism. Kamuva kwakufanele ashintshe igama emhlabeni wonke - iKirk Douglas. Nabazali nama-American Nameri Americane amagama, abe nguHarry noBerth Demski. E-US, inani lezingane lafika ku-7, kepha uKirk wahlala ukuphela kwendodana.
Inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yeHollywood yaqala ukusebenza kusenesikhathi: Umndeni wawuphila ebuphofini obedlulele. Umfana wasakaza imeyili, waletha imikhiqizo ekhaya futhi waphupha ngokuba ngumlingisi. Ngokokuqala ngqa mayelana nomsebenzi we-liestchiy, i-Little Saint Deskie yacabanga ebangeni lesi-2. Izinkulumo zokuqala zabona abazali nodade: Wahlela ukwenza okwenziwe ekhaya.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, lo mfo wangena ekolishi. Ukuzilibazisa kwebhokisi kusize ukuthola umfundaze futhi ungaceli imali kubazali ababeka imilenze dadesi abancane. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930s, eKirk Douglas, esethole idiploma yasekolishi, waya ku "Big Apple", lapho angena khona e-Academy of Arts.
Ayikho imali yokuqeqeshwa kweminyaka emibili eKirk, kepha insizwa enethalente yenza umbono ongenakufinyeleleka kothisha: UDouglas wavuma futhi wanikeza umfundaze. Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe e-Academy of Drama, wasebenza njengesikhonzi futhi akazange alimaze noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
Ukuqala kwempi yezwe yesibili ebizwa ngokuthi iKirk Douglas endaweni ehleliwe. Wayengakugwema inkonzo ngenxa yombono ongemuhle, kepha akazange athi: Ngenyanga ka- "Gymnastics" ekhethekile ngamehlo, ngalungisa amehlo ami. Ngo-1944 wathunywa emikhunjini yePacific.
Amafilimu
Ukubuyela empilweni enokuthula, uKirk Douglas wasebenzisa iphupho lezingane. I-biography yakhe esebenza ngayo yaqala e-New York Theatrical Snaps. Umdwebi wokuqala owadlalwa ngokwenza, kwavela ukukhangisa kanye neziteshi zomsakazo. Ngemuva kwempumelelo ye-BroadAy Douglas ngo-1945 yathuthela eLos Angeles, eduze kwe- "Dream Factory".Siza i-pickaxe yempumelelo eHollywood Calc kanye ne-Academy of Lauren Baclal, etusa umlingisi osemusha kumkhiqizi ojwayelekile, ongumfuduki waseRussia. Ngakho-ke izilaleli zaqala zabona uDouglas ethepheni elimangalisayo le-American Classic, Oscarous Lewis Mailtone "Uthando Olumangalisayo Martha Avers". Le filimu yafika ekuphakanyisweni kwe-Oscar Premium ngesimo esihle kunazo zonke, kanye nokudumala okukhanyayo kwaphawula izilaleli nabaqondisi.
Ekuqondeni kwedrama lobugebengu "Ngihlala ngingedwa", uDouglas wahlangana noBerta Lancaster, nobani owenze abangane futhi bebekwe izinkanyezi emidwetsheni engu-7. Ngo-1949, uDouglas uqoke i-cinema eyinhloko okokuqala: I-Drama Nuar "Champion" yoMqondisi waseCanada uMark Robson, lapho iKirk idlulisele khona indima ebalulekile idluliselwe kwizikrini. Abakhiqizi nabadwebi bebengalindele ukuthi ifilimu ithole ukwamukelwa okufudumele okunjalo kubagxeki befilimu nababukeli.
Ngemuva kokuvela "kompetha", umlingisi wakhe amabutho ahlaba umxhwele, wamukelwa emgwaqweni wacela i-autograph. UKirk Douglas ungene kwinkontileka enenzuzo nabafowethu basempi naphakade "babhalisiwe" eHollywood. Njalo ngonyaka wavela kumaphrojekthi amasha noma amabili amasha.
Ngo-1950, i-Premiere yomculo iDrama Michael Curtis Ternunach, lapho iKirk ibekelwe inkanyezi khona nge-Duen Baclal, esikanye nayo kanye nentombi. Umlingisi wethembela izindima ezahlukahlukene. Ku "Champion" Kirgn Douglas wadlala isibhakela esinesibindi, eTrubhach "- umculi we-fanatical, emshadweni wobulelesi" - Intatheli ephelile "-" Umlando Osephethweni .
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1950s, uDouglas wazithola ekhona phakathi kwabadlali abaholayo. I-Star inikeza abalingiswa abaphambili futhi iya ngokuya izindima zesibili. Idrama "ebubi futhi enhle", enyatheliswa ngoDisemba 1952, yaletha umMelika ekuphakanyisweni kwesibili ku-BELT. Esithombeni, iKirc Douglas yaphinde yaqala kabusha kumkhiqizi wokuvelela, umsebenzi wayo ususa ngokushesha futhi uyawa. Kwi-Duet, iHolly Turner ye-Soundywood enobuhlakani futhi ecwengekile ecwengekile.
E-Wisp Pimpanka, iRoman Zhuli ithembekile "20,000 lebi ngaphansi kwamanzi", eyayinqoba ama-oscars amabili, uKirc Douglas waphindaphindeka eGarpner ethatha iGarpner yaseLa Land.
Kepha abahlonishwayo kanye nemivuzo Artist ayilethi iribhoni le-sci-fi, kodwa idrama ye-biographical mayelana neVincent van Gago "yomele impilo". Umqondisi uVincent Minelley uphathise uDouglas indima enkulu abhekana nayo ngokuqhakaza. Ukuphakanyiswa kwesithathu kwesithombe se-Oscar kanye neGolide Globe kwavela ebhange lakhe le-Piggy.
Maphakathi nawo-1950s, uKirg Douglas wasungula inkampani yefilimu yokukhiqiza, ayibiza ngokuthi igama likamama - "brown propakshn". Amabutho akhe asuswa idrama yezempi "amaViking Trails" kanye nesenzo samaViking, lapho umkhiqizi ethatha izindima ezibalulekile.
Ngawo-1960, ifilimu yahoxiswa ohlotsheni lwePeptum "Spartak" eBrian Sodlim. Lesi yisithombe sokuqala esiphumelele se-Stanley Kubrick edume. Umholi wezigqila ezivukelayo kanye nezindawo zokuphumula udlame uDouglas, uLawrence ka-Olivier noTony Curtis abebekele inkanyezi kulesipic egcwele. Lesi sithombe sibizwa ngokuthi ama-blockbusters aphambili, wawina ama-4 "Oscars", kepha e-Douglas noKubrick bagcina bawa.
UKirk Douglas wezwa kahle ukuhlanganiswa, ubufakazi bokutholwa kwamalungelo okubeka inoveli yombhali waseMelika "ngaphezulu kweCukushkina Nest". Kepha inoveli, yalethwa nguDouglas emjayeni ohlwini, yehluleka. Maphakathi nawo-1970, kudluliselwe unyana kaMichael Douglas, owaba umkhiqizi weKinodrama "endiza phezu kweCuckoo Nest." Umsebenzi waletha uMichael "Oscar".
I-Kirk Douglas indima oyithandayo ku-movie KIRK Douglas ibiza umsebenzi kuma-Western "Mandrels of Single", lapho kuvela khona emfanekisweni wenkomo.
Ushintsho ekumisweni komphakathi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960s kwathinta inkanyezi umsebenzi. Izithombe zama-Heroes of Western kanye nama-Dramas wezempi anesithukuthezi, futhi azama ngeKirk Douglas ukuzama ngezindima ezintsha kumateyipu "isivumelwano" kanye "bhuka" akuzange alethe impumelelo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ifilimu yokugcina ibizwa ngokuthi yinduna ye-Cult "Godyimu".
Abagxeki ngokuphelele nababukeli bamukele isikweletu seKirk Douglas, esingenise maphakathi nawo-1970s. " UMatherra wazinze indima enkulu - unesibindi Mashal Howard, edlula iqembu lezigelekeqe.
Umsebenzi wokugcina obonakalayo womlingisi wefilimu - uHarry Agensky kuphrojekthi yeDayimane Comeedin. Ngemuva kwe-Douglas, edluliselwe ekuhlatsheni ngo-1996 kwavela kwizikrini ekuqaleni kwezi-2000s ngeziqephu.
Izitayela Ezintsha Zekhulu LamaKirk Douglas zihlangane nethemba: Ngo-94, e-Master Hollywood zaqala ibhulogi kwi-MySpace. Ngo-1999, i-Classic of the Industry yefilimu yanikeza ama- $ 15 wezigidi elungiselelweni lesibhedlela kozakwethu ababhekene nesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni bakhe, iKirk Douglas - indoda ebukekayo ye-athletic nge-square jaw - yezwa imvelo. EHollywood, babekhuluma ngamanoveli akhe noJoan Crawford naseMarlene Diethrich.
Ngo-1943, ngesikhathi seholide elifushane ngemuva kokulimala, uDouglas washada noCôtesen Diane Dill, owazala umyeni wakhe amadodana amabili - uMikayeli noJoweli.
Kusuka kumlingani wesibili, umlingisi u-Ann Baitienz, iKirk yayinenzalo eyengeziwe emibili - uPeter no-Eric. Zonke izingane zezinkanyezi zahamba ezinyathelweni zabazali bazo, kepha inkazimulo yahamba kuphela uMichael Douglas.
Ngaphansi kwesihenqo somdlalo we-2016 we- "Dream Factory" waphawula iminyaka engu-100. Inhlangano yesikhumbuzo yathathwa njengendodana kaMichael nomkakhe, iHollywood Star Catherine Zeta-jones. Abangani abangamakhulu amabili nozakwabo beza eLos Angeles Hotel. Ukuphimisa inkulumo, uKirk Douglas waqeqeshelwa ngudokotela wenkulumo. Izivakashi zokuhlonishwa kusihlwa kwakunguStefanu Spielberg.
Ukushona
NgoFebhuwari 5, 2020, uKirk Douglas ushone eneminyaka engu-103, kwaziswa imininingwane ngabantwana bomdlali. Imbangela yokufa kwenkanyezi yaseHollywood imvelo yemvelo.Izics
- Ngo-1946 - "Uthando Olumangalisayo Marta Averse"
- 1949 - "Champion"
- Ngo-1950 - "Trubach"
- 1952 - "Ububi Futhi Muhle"
- 1952 - "Umlando Ophenya"
- Ngo-1954 - "I-20,000 lebs ngaphansi kwamanzi"
- 1956 - "Ukoma Impilo"
- 1957 - "Izinkambiso Imizila"
- 1958 - "AmaViking"
- 1960 - "Spartak"
- 1972 - "Umuntu Ohloniphekile"
- 1975 - "Ukutholwa"
- 1978 - "Ukufutheka"
- 1986 - "Aimos"
- Ngo-1999 - "Amadayimane"