I-Biograge
UBoris Nikolayevich Polyeva - Umlobi we-Soviet Prose, intatheli kanye nombhali wezempi. Imisebenzi evelele yombhali ibilokhu: "Ithayini lalowo wamanje", lapho umshayeli odumile womshayeli wendiza u-Alexei Mareshef; Ukuqoqwa kwezindaba "Singokwabantu baseSoviet", amanoveli egolide kanye noDkt. Vera ". Inkambu yanikezwa kabili umklomelo woMbuso we-USSR futhi yathola isihloko seqhawe lomsebenzi wezenhlalo.Ubuntwana nentsha
Usuku lomlobi lungu-4 noma, ngokwesitayela esisha, ngoMashi 17, 1908. UBoris wazalelwa eMoscow, kodwa wacabanga ukuthi uTver nedolobha lakhe, lapho, ukuba ngumfana oneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, ngo-1913 wahambisana nomndeni wakhe. Iminyaka yezingane zakhe nentsha sebedlulile lapho. Ubaba Boris - Nikolai Petrovich Kampov - wayengummeli. Ngemuva kokushona ngo-1916, washiya umtapo wezincwadi wasekhaya lapho kwakukhona imisebenzi emihle kakhulu yeRussia naseRussia Classics.
Unina kaBoris, uLydia Vasilyevna Kampova (entombazaneni kaMityushin), udokotela owenziwa umsebenzi, walandela ngokucophelela ukuthuthukiswa kwamasiko kanye nemfundo yomfana, eqondisa ukufundwa kwakhe. Izincwadi zokuqala zokufunda zeBoris zazisebenza ngoGogol, eLermontov, ePushkin neNekrasov. Kamuva, incwadi kaGoncharov, iTurgenev, Chekhov neNikitin. UMaxim Gorky wayengumbhali owayeyithandayo uBoris Nikolayevich.
Kusukela ngo-1917 kuya ku-1924, iminyaka yesikole kaBoris yayibanjelwe esikoleni i-School No. (manje iTverskaya Gymnasium No. 6). Sekuvele lapha ngo-1922, le nsizwa yaqala ukuhileleka ebuntalini. Inothi lakhe lokuqala laphrintiwe eTvenerskaya Pravda, lapho esengumfundi webanga lesi-6. Kusukela ngo-1924, izindatshana zakhe zazivame ukuvela emaphephandabeni amadolobha "proletaria pravda", "shintsha" ukusuka edolobhaneni ".
Into yokufunda
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesikole se-Tver Technical ngo-1926, uBoris Nikoleyevich wasebenza efektri ye-Texteile "Proletark" Technologist. Ngo-1927, incwadi yokuqala, equkethe ama-eseyi futhi yathola impendulo enhle kuMaxim Gorky - "Memuars of the ndlon ndoda".
Ukhuluma ngempilo yabantu, okuthiwa "ngezansi". Le ncwadi yiyona kuphela eyabhalwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Boris Campov. Kamuva, umhleli uhlongoze ukuthi umbhali ahumushele igama le-campov elisuka eLatin liye eRussin ("campus" lisho "insimu" yensimu, yingakho i-pseudonym yensimu, yasungulwa nguyena othwala yena, futhi ongagunyaziwe.
Kusukela ngo-1928, uBoris Poleva usebenza ngentatheli ekhokhelwayo. Udumo lwemibhalo kumlobi lwaletha inganekwane okokuqala nyatheliswa nguYe ngaphambi kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe lonke kumagazini "Okthoba", obizwa ngokuthi "Isitolo esishisayo". Le yindaba ekhuluma ngabantu bohlelo lokuqala lweminyaka emihlanu, eyayisebenza efektri yemoto kaKalininovo.
Inkambu yayiyilungu lempi yaseSoviet-Finnish (1939 - iminyaka engama-40). Ngo-1941 wathuthela eMoscow, lapho asebenza khona eKalinin ngaphambili nombhali wezempi. Kwakufanele abe sezindaweni ezishisayo. Endabeni nasendabeni, wabonisa okuvelayo kwangaphambili nemicimbi ekhanyayo yempi enkulu kunazo zonke enobufakazi obukhona. Bonke baqoqwa encwadini ka-1945 "kusukela eBelgorod baya eCarpath."
Izinto eziqoqiwe phakathi nempi ziye zaba yisisekelo sezincwadi ezi-MOTAL Wripter. Udumo lwe-Universal noFoundary Fame Boris Polevoy ngo-1946 waletha incwadi eyayibhalwe nguye phakathi nokuba khona kwenqubo yaseNurember njengezempi. Izinsuku eziyi-19 wabhala ezakha izahluko ezine "inganekwane yalomuntu." Umbhali wanikezwa umklomelo wakhe weStalin ngo-1947. Isisekelo sisuselwa kumshayeli wendiza, iqhawe leSoviet Union a. P. Mareseva, owayeqhubeka nokulwa nangemva kokuba elahlekelwe yimilenze yomibili.
Kamuva, ngo-1948, ifilimu engaziwa kaSergey Prokofiev yafakwa kule ndaba, indima enkulu lapho kwenziwa khona uP. Kadochnikov. I- "Tale yale ndoda" yayiyincwadi ayithandayo evela entsheni yaseSoviet. Le ndaba ayizange ifundise isibindi nje, wayevame ukubasiza abantu kulabo abanzima kubantu baseSoviet. Yayaziwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba, ezweni lethu lashicilelwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-100.
Izincwadi ezithi "Singokwabantu baseSoviet" nazo zinikelwe ezihlokweni zezempi, nazo ezaziphawuleka ngo-1949 ngomklomelo we-stalinist, "igolide". Phakathi kwemisebenzi eminingi yombhali, kufanelekile ukuqondisisa le ndaba "ebuyiselwe", ama-essays wokuhamba "umbhali anikezwe umklomelo wamazwe omhlaba", "30,000 noma ngabe eNew China ". Imisebenzi emangalisayo yiyona nenoveli ethi "emuva okujulile" kanye "noDkt Vera". Ngokwesisekelo senkambu ye-boris eqoqiwe yezincwadi zemibhalo ngo-1962, inoveli "ku-dick bereg" yabhalwa.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, ngo-1962, insimu yathatha isikhundla soMhleli Omkhulu we-The Youth Journess Journess ", futhi ngisho nangaphambi kwalokho, ngo-1952, umlobi wawuyiPhini likaMongameli eYurophu yesiko. Kusukela ngo-1967, uBoris Nikolayevich waqokwa unobhala weBhodi lababhali bakulo bakwa-USSR. Ngo-1968, umbhali wanikezwa indondo yegolide yomhlaba, kwathi ngo-1974 wanikezwa iqhawe lesihloko lomsebenzi wezenhlalo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UBoris Nikoleyevich washada. Umkakhe uJulia Osipovna wamngenisa namadodana amabili - u-Alexey no-Andrei nendodakazi u-Elena. Cishe indlalifa ephakeme ka-Andrei cishe aziziwa. 'Uhlukaniswa', wasebenza iminyaka eminingi emkhakheni wokuzivikela. Indodakazi ka-Elena Borisovna yaba udokotela, uDkt Science, uSolwazi, e-USSR asebenze njengochwepheshe wokuhlinza umdlavuza webele. Futhi indodana emncane yombhali u-Alexey CampOV-Field Indoda idume kakhulu eRussia naseMelika. Kusekuhlu lwabafokazi abanethonya elikhulu kunabo bonke abavela e-USSR njengoprofesa e-University of North Carolina, udokotela wezifo zengqondo wezengqondo.
Unkosikazi kaJulia wasebenza njengothisha waseRussia nezincwadi. Abafundi bakhe kwakungamadodana. Wayenothando futhi ekhathalela, kepha uthisha uqinile. Indodana ka-Alexey ikhumbula engxoxweni yokuthi wesaba kakhulu ukuzwa ibinzana livela kumama:
"Ucasula uyihlo."Futhi, indodana ikhumbula kaningi ngesimenywa esidumile endlini yabazali. UFidel Castro, uMongameli weVietnam Ho Chi min kanye ne-rockefeller edumile nendodakazi yakhe yafika kumlobi wombhali. Izivakashi zishiya imigqa embalwa encwadini negama lesifundela esithi "Aleshchenik" - labhala imiyalo emihle kwiNdodana yombhali.
Ukushona
UBoris Nikolayevich Polyeva ushone ngo-1981 ngoJulayi 12 futhi wangcwatshwa emathuneni aseNovodevichy eMoscow.
Ngemuva kokushona komlobi ngo-1983, umgwaqo waqanjwa igama elithi tver ukuhlonipha igama lakhe. Kwathi ngo-2006 kwafakwa i-plaque yesikhumbuzo endlini ayihlala kuyo.
Ukusebenza
- Ngo-1927 - "Memuars of The Sewn Umuntu"
- 1940 - "Isitolo esishisayo"
- Ngo-1947 - "Inganekwane yendoda yeqiniso"
- Ngo-1948 - "Singowabantu baseSoviet"
- 1950 - "Igolide"
- 1952 - "Kwesikhathi Kwesikhathi"
- 1956 - "Idayari yaseMelika"
- Ngo-1959 - "Ukubuyela emuva"
- Ngo-1961 - "Lenin Yethu"
- Ngo-1962 - "Ku-Dick Brege"
- Ngo-1967 - "UDkt Vera"
- Ngo-1973 - "eBerlin - amakhilomitha angama-896"
- 1974 - "Le minyaka emine (ezincwadini ezi-2)"
- 1978 - "Silhouette"
- Ngo-1980 - "Akunakulibaleka kakhulu"