I-Biograge
Izindaba ezinomusa nezibi zombhali zaqala zaba ama-Classics wezincwadi zezingane zeSoviet. Bafunda kalula ekhulwini elisha, bathola okuhlekisayo, okufundisayo nabanobuhlakani.
UViktor Draunsky, owanikeza izingane umjikelezo wokukhokhisa "izindaba zesisusa" eziphefumulelwe, wasebenza ngokuphefumlelwa, umgomo wakhe wezilaleli zomfundi omncane uyakujabulela ukuphinda wafunda abantu abadala, ekhumbula leyo minyaka yokungaphumanga lapho "izihlahla zazinkulu."
Kepha iSoviet Prozais ayisebenzi hhayi esizukulwaneni esisencane kuphela: kwi-bibliography yakhe - izindaba ezimbili ezinhle ze-autobiographical.
Imibhalo yomlobi iyethenjelwa kakhulu, ingokoqobo futhi imibala kangangokuthi yadutshulwa amafilimu ambalwa, kwavuswa umsebenzi. Kulezi zinsuku, umsebenzi kaDragunsky ubhekene nokuzalwa kwesibili kanye nokuhlinzwa kokufunda.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wazalwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1913 eMelika, emndenini wabafuduki abavela eLalarusian Gomel. Kepha uRita Draunskaya noYuzef Perstemovsky bahlala engxenyeni ye-Half-and Halful-million isikhathi eside, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamazibulo, abashadikazi babuyela ezweni lakubo, eGomeli.
Ubaba Nobo Baba uVictor Draunsky akazange akhumbule: UYuzef Falkovich washonelwa eTifa, lapho indodana yakhe ineminyaka emine. Ngokushesha umama washada noKhomishani wesibili weHippolyte Voytzovich, kepha lo mshado waphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-2: Ngawo-1920s, ukhomishani wafa.
Ithonya kuViktor Draunsky lwenziwa ngumyeni wesithathu kamama nobaba wesibili wokutholwa - umdwebi we-Menachem Rubin. Waphuma eya e-PODLOVIL's Owther Theatre yaseshashalazini, eyayivakashela izwe ngemidlalo yamahlaya. Ngokubambisana ne-StepFAM, iVitya eneminyaka engu-8 nonina, edonsa umoya wobuciko kanye neholide ngemuva kwezigcawu.
Ngo-1924, uViktor Draunsky wayenomfowethu onobumbano uLeonid. Eminyakeni engu-3 kamuva, ngo-1925, uRubin wayeka ukubusa ezweni futhi ame eMoscow, enikeza isivumelwano sokuba ngumqondisi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini yase-Ilya Trillling. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920s, uRuby onama-trilling washiya iSoviet Union futhi wathuthela e-United States, lapho kwavulwa khona iTheattela yaseshashalazini.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, uViktor Draunsky uthole umsizi eTakary esitshalweni. Kamuva wathuthela efektri yaseKonsky Harness, lapho kuvela khona amahhashi. Kepha uthando lobuhlakani, oluxhunyelelwa ngubaba, awuzange upholile: ngo-1930, uViktor wabhalwa emhlanganweni wothisha waseshashalazini noMqondisi u-Alexei wasendle, lapho afunda khona iminyaka emi-5.
Ithiyeta
Ngemuva kokuphela kwesifundo safika endaweni yesehlakalo seseshashalazi yeshashalazi esitaladini saseGorokovaya (manje se-Gogol Center). Ngokushesha umdwebi onethalente waqashelwa futhi wamenyelwa encwadini yeshashalazi ye-satire. UVictor Draunsky kusihlwa waya esiteji, nangemva kokubhala ama-feruilis nama-mologies ahlekisayo, wasungula ama-clown e-circus futhi amnandi afakiwe. Umlingisi nomlobi benza abangane nabaculi besekisi futhi baze baya enkundleni njenge-clown.
Impi enkulu yokuthanda izwe yaphazamisa ukundiza okudala kweViktor Draunsky - Wavikela izwe lakubo eMishaniya. Akuthathwanga ebuthweni ngenxa yempilo ebuthakathaka. Ngo-1943, umfowabo wombhali wayengeyena: uLeonid Draunsky-Rubin wabulawa olimele kanzima esibhedlela eduzane naseKaluga.
Ngemuva kwempi, umdwebi kanye nombhali bahlala eTaroupe of the Metropolitan Theatre - Studio of the File Miling. I-biography yokudala yombhali yizindima kumamuvi. UMikhail Romma Draunsky ogcwele izinkanyezi esithombeni esithi "Umbuzo waseRussia", izilaleli zamfunda ngomfanekiso wesipika emsakazweni. Wahamba enkundleni yezemidlalo, edlala amaqhawe emisebenzi eminingana.
Umlingisi wamukelwe emshadweni weshashalazi emphekweni. Kepha izindima ezibonakalayo zenziwa nguMaram, futhi osemusha waphazanyiswa ukuvela esixukwini. Imibono Yomtholisi kaVictor, ukuze ungabhalwe ngaphandle komsebenzi, kwaqala ukwakhiwa kweqembu le-amateur ngaphakathi kweDramatheart, okubandakanya abaculi abasebasha nababandayo.
Kule "Theatre enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini", i-Draunsky yaholwa yiqembu le-parody "Blue bird", eyaqhubeka nesigaba iminyaka eyi-10 kusukela ngo-1948. Imidlalo ehlekisayo yomculi yajabulela impumelelo kanye ne- "Blue bird" yamenyelwa eMosestra. UVictor waqamba izimo zamapharadies namaculo. Enye yazo ("umkhumbi wezimoto") wangena ePop repertoire leonid rockov.
Into yokufunda
Ababhali ababhaliwe ababhaliwe ababhalwa eminyakeni eyi-10, umbhali wahlangana neqoqo, elibizwa ngokuthi "umlingisi wensimbi". Le ncwadi yaphuma ngo-1960.
Udumo weza kumlobi ngemuva kokukhululwa ngo-1966 "izindaba ezihlekisayo" - umjikelezo wezindaba ezihlekisayo zezingane nentsha, umlingiswa ophambili wawunguDensk Kostrift. Ngawo lowo nyaka, abafundi abasebasha bathokozela enye incwadi - leli qoqo elibizwa ngokuthi "inja yenja".
Ngawo-1960, incwadi ejikelezayo yanyatheliswa yimisindo yesigidi. Izingane zafundwa yindaba "usuku lokuqala", "umngani wobuntwana", "ikati emabhuthini" kanye "nemfihlo liyacaca." Kuyafundisayo, kepha hhayi izincwadi zokusungula zeViktor Draunsky zithole kalula indlela eya enhliziyweni yengane, yabanjwa uthando lokufunda.
Njengeso sonke isigcawu se-Dragunsky, izindaba ezijabulisayo ngoDenis nomngani wakhe uMishke Elephant bathathwa empilweni. I-prototype yomlingiswa oyinhloko kwakuyindodana yomlobi uDenis.
Imisebenzi eminingi yeViktor Draunsky igcwele. Umqondisi weSoviet fitned amafilimu asuselwa ezindabeni zaseDenisian "Intombazane ebholeni", "uCaptain" kanye ne- "Adventures emangalisayo yeDenis Shorubeva".
Indaba yeSarcastic "Amandla omlingo wezobuciko" ahlungwa nguMqondisi weSoviet Naum Burman. Isimo samahlaya sabhalwa nguVictor Draunsky, kanti u-Arkady Rykin, uNina uyisihlubukile futhi uNikolai Trofimov onenkanyezi kuma-movie amathathu e-Almanac.
Ngo-1980, kwadedelwa i- "Clown" Melodrama ku-Screens esekelwe endabeni yegama elifanayo. UNatalia Varley, Anatoly Marchevsky, uRimma Bykov ofakwe inkanyezi kwifilimu. Isimo somuntu odabukisayo abhale umlobi.
Umbhali wasemdala wethule izindaba ezimbili - "Wawa otshanini" kanye "nanamuhla nansuku zonke." Owokuqala - ngempi, owesibili - mayelana nokuphila kwabaculi besekisi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Maphakathi nawo-1930, uViktor Draunsky wajwayelana no-Actress. Elena Kornilova. Inoveli yayisithwebulo ngomshado izibulo lazalwa - indodana kaLenya. Kepha impilo yomndeni yaphahlazeka, abashadikazi bahlukana. ULeonid Kornilov uthweswe iziqu eyunivesithi ngokukhetha ubuhlakani bezomnotho, kodwa ufuzo lukababa wanqoba. Isazi sakwa-Sornilov sabhala izindatshana ezithi "Izindaba" kanye "amasonto", zishicilelwe izincwadi ezi-6.
Umshado wesibili kaViktor Draunsky waphenduka wajabula. Othweswe iziqu kwe-Theatre University Alla Semyachatov, umyeni omncane yini iminyaka eyi-10, wabeletha uViktor Yuzfovich inzalo emibili - indodana kaDenis nendodakazi yaseDenis. Ngokubambisana, abashadikazi baphila ngaphambi kokushona komlobi.
UDenis Dragunsky, iqhawe eli-prototype lezindaba zezindaba zezingane ezidumile, waba udokotela wamaFilologinali (wafundisa ulimi lwesiGreki kuma-diplomats wesikhathi esizayo), intatheli kanye nomlobi. Ubhale imibhalo yamafilimu, izindatshana zesayensi nokubuyekezwa.
Ithalente lokubhala latholakala kusuka eKsenia Draunskaya: Izimo ezihlanganisiwe ezindlini eziyishumi nambili, zaduma ngokuthi i-PlayWright, isazi-mlando sezobuciko kanye neprosethi yezingane.
Ukushona
UViktor Draunsky ushone enhlokodolobha ngonyaka wama-60, kusukela ekuguleni okungamahlalakhona, lapho alwa khona iminyaka eminingi. Izinkulungwane zabalandeli zichithe endleleni yokugcina yokukhanya nomlobi omuhle.
Ithuna lomculi, amahlaya kanye nomlobi batholakala emkhakheni we-14 wamathuna weVagankovsky. Ngo-1990, umfelokazi womlobi u-Ala Dragunskaya washicilela incwadi yezinkondlo zikaViktor yuseFuseFovich.
I-Bibliography
- 1960 - "Umlingiswa we-Iron"
- Ngo-1961 - "Ake ungitshele nge-Singapore"
- Ngo-1961 - "Wawa otshanini"
- Ngo-1962 - "Umuntu onobuso obuluhlaza"
- Ngo-1964 - "Girl Olwandle"
- Ngo-1964 - "Ulwandle Oludala -
- Ngo-1964 - "Namuhla nansuku zonke"
- Ngo-1966 - "Izindaba ZaseDenisian"
- Ngo-1966 - "I-Dog Flaef"