I-Biograge
Akunandaba ukuthi kumangaza kanjani, kepha uMdanso - umculo emakhulwini amabili eminyaka edlule wabhekwa njengohlobo lwe-frevolous, ebangela ukumamatheka okuhle. I-peremil Isimo somqambi we-Austrian kanye nomqhubisi uJohann Strauss, asikho isifiso, esiqanjwe yinkosi yeWaltz.Ubuntwana nentsha
Uma kukhulunywa ngoJohanne Strauss, eduze kwesibongo kuvame ukukhonjiswa yincazelo - indodana noma ubaba. Ukhokho wombuso, futhi uJohann Strauss - umqambi owaziwayo kanye ne-Virtuosi violinist futhi waqamba ama-waltzes. Amadodana aya ezinyathelweni zakhe akhetha impilo emculweni. Ubaba wakuhlehliswa ekhaya, kodwa, ngendlela engathandeki ngokwanele, yaveza ngokwezigaba ukuthi izingane ziphindaphinda isiphetho sakhe.
EGoli-mnene, le ndoda yabona i-banker, eJosef - isikhulu. Umqhubi weCorector noViolin Game Senied Son wafunda cishe imfihlo emzali onokhahlo. Ngokumangazayo akukezwapho endlini edlala upiyano futhi ecula ekwayeni yesonto. Umama waphikelela kukho, okwakubheka ukuthi ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, imfundo yezingane izogcwala.
By the way, ungumnikazi womnsalo we-Strauss-JR. Kufundwe nguFranz Amon, i-violin yokuqala eStrauss-Senider Orchestra. Ngokufana nalokhu, le nsizwa yathunyelwa entandweni kaYise futhi yangena esikoleni sasePolytechnic. Imfundo yezomnotho esikhathini esizayo sadlala umculi ngokuzayo.
Esiqongweni sokuthandwa, uJohann wadala ama-orchestra athile asebehlasele edolobheni. Lapho esekhuthaze umsebenzi owodwa, umqambi wathuthela kwenye indawo, futhi iqhinga laliphindwayo. Ngakho-ke, izifiso zomphakathi zanelisekile ukuzwa iMaestro, futhi umholo ukhuphukile ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukusekelwa kwale nsizwa kwathola kuphela umama, u-Anna strecim. Ngokwesaba ukuthi uBaba uzobhubhisa umsebenzi wakhe ohlwanyelwe osephenduke umncintiswano ofanele, u-Ana wahlukanisa umyeni wakhe. Ikakhulu selokhu aqhubeke ngokujwayelekile waphila eqinisweni komunye umndeni, noFanti ka-Emily Trambush. Ikhanda elinolaka lomndeni linciphise u-Ana kanye nefa lakhe.
Ubaba nendodana ayekahlangene futhi ekwamukelweni kwezimo eziguqukayo zango-1840. Indabuko yasukuma eceleni kwama-habsburg. Omncane wabhala "imashi yabavukeli", abathola igama le- "Vienna Mossele". Ngemuva kokucindezelwa ukuvukela, umHalinani indodana wafika enkantolo. Kodwa-ke, umphakathi wawela kuYise.
Izinguquko ezinhle ku-biography kaJohann zaqala kuphela ngemuva kokufa kukaYise. UStrauss-omncane akazange abambe okubi, anikezelwe kuYise Waltz futhi ashicilele amaphuzu emisebenzi yakhe yomculo. Ngemuva kwalokho, abafowabo abayisithupha abazelwe emindenini emibili bakhetha indlela yomqambi.
Umculo
Kakade eminyakeni eyi-19, uStrauss utholile eyakhe i-orchestra futhi wenziwa ngempumelelo. Isikweletu senzeka ekhasino elingekude nenhloko-dolobha yase-Austrian waseVienna. Ubaba uxhume konke ukuxhumana kwakhe ukuze indodana enethalente ingatholi amapulatifomu aqinile njengama-salon futhi ikakhulukazi - isigodlo sempi.
Ngemuva kokushona kukayise, amaqembu ahlanganisa ukuhlangana, uStrauss wadlula ezweni ngamakhonsathi, wadlala egcekeni likaMbusi uFranz Joseph Joseph Joseph Joseph Jose. Le nsizwa yaqhuba ukubulawa kweWaltz yayo, izinti, imashi, kepha ayikhohlwanga ifa likayise.
Ukuthandwa kukaJohann kwafumana umfutho, wayengesabi ukuhlukanisa udumo nabazalwane u-Edward noJosef. Umfowethu omdala wabheka amakhono amancane, futhi avele athandwa. Maduze nje inkazimulo yabaqambi kanye nomqhubi wesifundo baye badlula ngaphesheya kwemikhawulo yendabuko yase-Austria. Uhambo lokunqoba lwaseJalimane, iRomania, iPoland, iCzech Republic, iRussia yalandela. UStrauss wabonakala sengathi ngokungajwayelekile, ngokokwenza okwamukelwa kwakhe, umculo "wawungamanzi avela ku-crane."
UJohann Strauss-Son uthathwa njengomsunguli weVienna Waltz - Kusebenza okubandakanya ukungena, iziphetho ezine noma ezinhlanu. IPeru yomqambi ingeka-waltzes angama-168, okuthi amakhulu eminyaka ajabulele abathandi bomculo.
Ikakhulu ekuvolweni kwenkantolo, umculi udala amaparele eqoqo - izindaba ezinde kakhulu zeWaltz "zeHelman yaseVienna", "Jabulani Empilweni", "kwi-danube enhle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka." Ama-Motifs azwakala ngokusobala azwakala ngokusobala kweyokuqala. Okugcina, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-danube eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" futhi kuzwakale okokuqala embukisweni wezwe eParis, kubhekwa njengengoma engekho emthethweni yase-Austria.
Phakathi kwamaWaltz Johann Strauss abizwa ngokuthi amaphimbo entwasahlobo ". Ngokokuqala ngqa, umsebenzi wenziwa ekhonsathini yothando enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi "i-der win", uhlala imfanelo ephoqelekile yemijikelezo yezwe namabhola. EYurophu, ama-Xx kanye nama-XXI athi "amazwi entwasahlobo" - uphawu lomkhosi wonyaka omusha.
Ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, ama-ballets adalelwa ngesisekelo sezinkundla eziseduze. Umsebenzi wobuciko kaJohanna awuwona umculo nje wokudansa. Babhekwa njengongoti kanye nabalandeli abalula njengoba ezimele, benalo inani lobuciko lomsebenzi.
Ngawo-1870s, uJohann wadlula imisebenzi yasenkantolo kaMfoweth 'u-Eduard waqala ukuqamba i-operetta, futhi, ngokuba ngumsunguli wohlobo oluhlukile lwakudala. Kwakukhona abangu-15 kubo 15, kanye ne-ballet kanye ne-comic opera. Akusona isizukulwane esisodwa sabaculi esinqobile isimo senkanyezi, ukufeza iphathi kusuka ku- "bat", "gypsy barona", "unkulunkulukazi waseRarua".
Ngasikhathi sinye, umqambi wavakashela e-US Tour. Lapho, uStrauss wanikeza amakhonsathi ayi-14 futhi wasungula irekhodi lomhlaba, elethwa yi-orchestra kubantu abayinkulungwane. Ngenxa yalolu hambo olulodwa lwaphesheya, umculi wenqabile inkontileka enezitimela ze-tsarskoye kanye ne-emangalisayo ngesikhathi imali ekhokhwa ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-22. Esikhathini esizayo, uJohann washiya ubugibishi obunjalo ngenxa yezidingo zomphakathi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Imprasario yathembisa imali enkulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umqambi wavakashela eRussia amahlandla amahlanu, lapho akhuluma khona ne-orchestra ezikhathini zasehlobo pavlovsky. Lapho, uJohann wajwayelana no-Olga Smirnitskaya futhi wabuza izandla zentombazane. Kodwa-ke, abazali baka-Olga babengafuni ukunikeza indodakazi yakwelinye izwe. Umculi onikezelwe kumnyuziyamu waseRussia i-Waltz "Farewell eSt.
Ngemuva kokuthi umqhubi wathola ukuthi isithandwa sakhe sishadile, waduduza ezingalweni zomculi we-Opera uHenrietta Hunepal. Owesifazane ulethe izingane eziyisikhombisa ezivela emadodeni ahlukene, kuyilapho engakaze ishade. UHenrietta akazange abe ngumkakhe nje, waleseka umyeni wakhe ekwakheni futhi wafika ekubhaleni i-Operetta.
Ngemuva kokushona kukaHenrietta ngo-1878 Strauss, ngokungafani nengxenyana yokuhlonishwa komfelokazi olithandayo, wangena ngaphansi komqhele nge-Angelica Dietrich. Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, umshado wawa.
Unkosikazi wokugcina womculi ngu-Adelie Doych, umfelokazi wasebhange, ekhulisa indodakazi ka-Alice. Ngenxa yomlingani - jewanh, uJohann washintsha ukholo - wasuka ebuKatolika waya eProthestani, kanye nesakhamuzi. Emaphethelweni wempahla ezenzelwe, kwathatha iminyaka emihlanu, ngo-1887 kuphela lapho ama-Strays akwazi ukuguqula umyeni wakhe nomkakhe. Akekho umshado wezingane ongazange azuze umqambi.
Ngemuva kokufa kukaJohann, u-Adel wanikela ngokuphila ukuze athuthukise inkumbulo yakhe. Efulethini lapho umndeni wawuhlala khona, umfelokazi wadala i-Strauss Museum, lapho isimo, izinsimbi zomculo, izikolo ezinamaphiko, impahla yomuntu siqu yagcinwa.
Ukushona
Eminyakeni yamuva nje yokuphila, uStrauss usephenduke umgcini wokuzithandela, wahlala phansi ekhaya, akazange anikeze amakhonsathi. Ngavuma inkulumo eyodwa kuphela - ukuhlonipha usuku lokugubha, i-Operetta "bat". Lesi sinqumo saphenduka sabulawa: Ukubuya enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, uJohann wayebanda.
I-Highter Pneumonia Plus Age ayizange inikeze umqambi wamathuba. Inobuhlakani i-Austria yafa ngoJuni 1899. Leli thuna lisendaweni ephakathi nendawo yamathuna eVienna, eduze kwamathuna kaJohannes Brahms noFranz Schubert.
Ukusebenza
- Ngo-1867 - "Ku-Duna enhle eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- Ngo-1868 - "Izinganekwane Zehlathi laseVienna"
- Ngo-1869 - "Iwayini, Abesifazane Nezingoma"
- Ngo-1874 - "Bat"
- Ngo-1877 - "Kuhle ngoMeyi"
- 1881 - "Kiss"
- Ngo-1883 - "Amaphimbo entwasahlobo"
- Ngo-1885 - "Gypsy Baron"
- Ngo-1888 - "Imperial Waltz"
- Ngo-1892 - "I-Knight Puman"
- 1897 - "Unkulunkulukazi Wengqondo"