I-Biograge
UPeter Tchaikovsky, i-Ferenz Sheet, uFrederick Chopin ubizwa ngokufanelekile abaqambi abakhulu kakhulu bekhulu le-19. Kepha ibinzana lesikhathi seSumanovsky lizwakala kaningi, igama elinjalo linikezwa inkathi yezothando emhlabeni womculo.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umqambi waseJalimane nomgxeki womculo uRobert Schumani wazalwa ngo-June 8, 1810 eSaxony (eJalimane) enombhangqwana onothando lukaFriedric Augustus noJohann amaKristu. Ngenxa yothando lukaJohanne, olwabazali abaphikisana nomshado noFriedrich ngenxa yobumpofu, uyise womculi wesikhathi esizayo sonyaka wokusebenza kwencwadzelweni wasebenza umshado nentombazane futhi wavula ibhizinisi lakhe.
URobert Schuman wasukuma emndenini lapho kwakukhona izingane ezinhlanu. Umfana wakhula ngobubi futhi ejabule, njengomama, futhi wayehluke kakhulu kuYise, indoda evaliwe futhi ethule.
URobert Schumanov waqala ukutadisha esikoleni ngeminyaka eyisithupha, wahlukaniswa izimfanelo zobuholi namakhono okudala. Ngemuva konyaka, abazali babona ithalente lomculo lengane banikeza ukufunda lo mdlalo epiyano. Ngokushesha waveza amandla okuqamba umculo we-orchestral.
Insizwa ayikwazanga ukunquma ngokuzikhethela umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo - ukwenza umculo noma wesabe izincwadi ngendlela ayefuna futhi ziphikelele. Kepha ikhonsathi yepiyano kanye nomqhubi we-mosselles, lapho uRobert Schuman avakashela khona, akazange ashiye amathuba ezincwadi. Umama womqambi wayenezinhlelo zokwenza indodana yommeli, kodwa ngo-1830 wayesathola isibusiso sabazali ukuba banikele izimpilo zomculo.
Umculo
Lapho esethuthele eLeipzig, uRobert Schuman waqala ukuya ezifundweni zikapiyano uFriedrich Vika, owamvimba umsebenzi wodokotela odumile. Kepha impilo yenza izinguquko zayo. UShuman uthuthukise ukukhubazeka kwesandla sokudla - inkinga yaphoqa le nsizwa ukwenqaba iphupho ukuba libe ngumdlali wepiyano, futhi washintshela ezinhlwini zabaqambi.
Kunezinguqulo ezimbili ezixakile kakhulu zezizathu zokuthi kungani umqambi aqale ukuthuthukisa isifo. Enye yazo simulator eyenziwe ngumculi ngokuzimela ukuze isebenze ngeminwe, indaba yesibili isamanga. Kwakunamahlebezi okuthi umqambi azame ukususa ama-tendon esandleni sakhe ukuze azuze ubuhle bomdlalo epiyano.
Kepha azikho izinguqulo ezikhonjiswayo, ziphiwa kudayari kankosikazi kaClara, okwathi uRobert Schumann, ngakho-ke ukukhuluma, kusukela eminyakeni yokuhlobisa. Usevele wacela ukuxhaswa kwemeluleki, uRobert Schuman ngonyaka we-1834 wasungula uhlelo lwe- "Music Gazette entsha". Ukuletha ephephandabeni, kwagxekwa futhi kuhlehlekelwe ukunganaki ebuhlotsheni kanye nobuciko ngaphansi kwamagama aqanjiwe.
Umqambi waphonsela inselelo iJalimane elicindezelayo nelimpofu lalesosikhathi, libeka ukuvumelana, ukupenda kanye nothando emisebenzini yakhe. Isibonelo, kwenye yemijikelezo edume kakhulu yepiyano "Carnival" ngasikhathi sinye kunezithombe zabesifazane, izigcawu ze-motoy, imaski ye-carnival. Ngokufana, umqambi wathuthukiswa ebuhlakani bezwi, uhlobo lwengoma ye-lyrical.
Ukunakwa okuhlukile kufanelekile indaba yokwakha nomsebenzi womsebenzi "i-albhamu yentsha." Ngosuku, lapho indodakazi endala kaRobert Shuman yayishade iminyaka engu-7, le ntombazane yathola incwadi yokubhalela ngegama elithi "i-albhamu yentsha." Incwadi yokubhalela yayiqukethe imibhalo yabaqambi abadumile no-8 kubo yalotshwa nguRobert Shuman.
Umqambi wanikeza okushiwo lo msebenzi ngoba wayethanda izingane zakhe futhi wayefuna ukujabulisa, wayedlala izinga lobuciko lemfundo yomculo - izingoma nomculo owafundwa yizingane esikoleni. I-albhamu yayifaka imidlalo "iculo le-vechenny", "uSanta Claus", "Merry Prover", "ubusika", okuthi, ngombono womlobi, amaphaphu futhi aqondakale ekuboneni kwezingane.
Esikhathini sokuphakamisa kokudala, ama-symphonies ama-4 abhalwa ngumqambi. Ingxenye esemqoka yemisebenzi yepiyano iqukethe imijikelezo enesimo semimoya, ehlotshaniswa ne-storyline eyodwa.
Empilweni yempilo yonke, umculo owabhalwa uRobert Shuman akazange athathwe ngabantu besikhathi. I-Romantic, eyayiyinkimbinkimbi, ivumelanayo, ithatha izintambo ezimbalwa zomphefumlo womuntu. Kubukeka sengathi i-Europe, ukuguqulwa okufuywayo okuguqukayo kanye nokuvukelwa, akunakuthokozela isitayela soMhwebi esisehla nesikhathi somqambi, impilo yakhe yonke icela ukuze ngesabi ukubheka emehlweni entsha.
Ozakwabo "Ku-workshop" futhi bengabonanga ukuthi baphila ngesimanje - uMendelson benqabile ukuqonda umculo wokuhlubuka kanye nalesi sivukeli, iqabunga le-Ferenz, libucayi futhi lifaka kuphela umsebenzi we- "Carnival" ohlelweni lwekhonsathi. UMCULO uRobert Shumana uhambisana ne-cinema yanamuhla: "Dr. House", "umkhulu wokuziphatha okulula", "umlando ongaqondakali wakwaBenjamin Batton."
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngomkakhe weClara Josephine, umqambi weVick wahlangana nomncane endlini kathisha wepiyano - intombazane ibiyindodakazi kaFriedrich Vika. Ngo-1840 kwenzeka, umshado wentsha wenzeka. Lo nyaka ubhekwa njengezithelo ezithela kakhulu kumculi - izingoma eziyi-140 zibhaliwe, futhi unyaka uyaphawuleka ngokwamukelwa kwe-University of Leipzig Philosophy.
UClara wayedume ngo-pianist odumile, washayela amakhonsathi lapho umyeni ehambisane naye isithandwa sakhe. Lo mbhangqwana unezingane eziyi-8, iminyaka yokuqala yezimpilo zabo yayinjengenganekwane mayelana nothando ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubeka. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4, uRobert Shuman unokuhlaselwa okubukhali kwenkinga yezinzwa. Abagxeki basikisela ukuthi isizathu salokhu unkosikazi womqambi.
Ngaphambi komshado, umculi walwa nelungelo lokuba ngumdlali wepiyano odumile, ngezinga elikhulu nobaba wentombazane owayengazange avume izinhloso ze-shuman. Ngokuphikisana nezithiyo ezidalwe ukuhlolwa okuzayo (kwafika enkantolo enkantolo), uRobert Schumannan washada nothando.
Ngemuva komshado, kwadingeka ngilwe ukuthandwa nokwamukelwa ngumkami. Futhi yize uRobert Schuman wayengumqambi owaziwayo futhi odumile, umuzwa wokuthi umculi ufihla emthunzini wenkazimulo kaClara, akazange ahambe. Ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomoya, uRobert Schumanch wenza ikhefu eminyakeni emibili ubuqambi.
Umlando wothando ngobuhlobo bezothando lombhangqwana wokudala uClara noRobert Shumanov bafakwa kwi-movie "Ingoma yothando", owabona ukukhanya eMelika ngo-1947.
Ukushona
Ngo-1853, umqambi odumile no-pianist ahambe eHolland, lapho laba bathathe khona izidumbu, kodwa ngemuva kwesikhashana izimpawu zesifo zikhula kakhulu. Umqambi wazama ukuzibulala, weqa emfuleni iRhine, kepha uMculi wasindiswa.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, leli cala lafakwa emtholampilo wezengqondo eduze kwaseBonn, umhlangano nomkakhe akazange axazululwe. NgoJulayi 29, ngo-1856, ngonyaka wama-46, umqambi omkhulu ushonile. Ngokwemiphumela yokuvulwa, imbangela yalesi sifo nokufa esemncane yiminyaka yokuqala yimithambo yegazi - ngenxa yegazi ebuchosheni.
Ukusebenza
- Ngo-1831 - "" Izimvemvane "
- Ngo-1834 - "Rarnival"
- Ngo-1837 - "Izindima ezimnandi"
- Ngo-1838 - "Izigcawu Zezingane"
- 1840 - "Uthando lwembongi"
- Ngo-1848 - "I-albhamu yentsha"