I-Biograge
ULeonard Cohen waqala wadumala kubo bobabili imbongi nomlobi futhi ngemuva nje, waba ubuntu obadumile emibuthanweni yezemibhalo, wahamba ngesiteji njengomculi wezingoma zomlobi. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-60s, umculi wanqoba umphakathi ezulwini, velvet kanye nezwi elidabukisayo elidabukisayo. UCohen waba ngomunye wabasunguli bomculo wabantu. Angizange ngilahlekelwe abalandeli ngisho naphakathi kweminyaka esikhungweni saseZen Buddha.Ubuntwana nentsha
Idolobhakazi likaCohen lisentshonalanga, isigatshana seMontreal. Wazalwa ngo-1934 emndenini womthengisi onenhlanhla. Abazali bembongi yesikhathi esizayo nomculi bafika eCanada besuka eYurophu. Ubaba wafika evela ePoland. Umama uMaria Klonitskaya wazalwa futhi wabekwa ekuqaleni eLithuania.
Kwakungekho baculi noma izimbongi emndenini wezinhlamvu zemali, nokho, izigaxa zokudala zikaLeonard emndenini zakhuthazwa. Kufika eminyakeni eyi-13 ubudala, indodana yosomabhizinisi weMontreal yayingenawo amakhono omdlalo wanoma iyiphi insimbi yomculo. Ukwazi umculo kwenzeka maqondana nothando lokuqala. Ukuze ahehele le ntombazane, uLeonard waqonda ama-Guitar Chords ambalwa.
Abafundisi beLeonard babengenayo. Wenza izinyathelo zokuqala emculweni wedwa, ekubizeni umphefumulo. Ngokumangazayo, ngemuva kweminyaka emibili kwaba yisigingci esihle kakhulu esifundeni. Ngezikhathi ezithile, osemusha wenza izigcawu ze-cafe yendawo. Cishe ngalesi sikhathi, ukuqoqwa kwezinkondlo uGarcí Lorca wawela ezandleni zikaLeonard. I-guitarist young esezifundise yona ngokuzenzela yabona ngokuzumayo: Umculo nezinkondlo ezixhunyiwe ngokungafanele. Futhi waqala ukubhala izingoma. Kepha ikhonsathi yokuqala yenzeka eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.
Ngiseyingane, uCohen wavakashela isikole samaJuda. Wabe eseqhubeka nemfundo esikoleni somuzi waseNtshonalanga. Lapha uCohen Stud Study, izinkondlo, ebambe iqhaza emikhiqizweni yezemidlalo yaseshashalazini futhi waphinde wasusela iqembu labantu abafundi. Uthando lomculo uLeonard walithola njengelifa kunina.
"Unaye umculo. Ngathatha isiginci, futhi umama wahlabelela. Lezi zingoma zangena emphefumulweni "- ngakho-ke uCohen uzotshela kamuva ngoMaria Klonitsky.ULeonard wayevame ukuvakashela iSaint Laurent Boulevard. Lapha, esikhungweni esincane esijoyine i-Pite Center, abalandeli bezobuciko babuthene kusihlwa, abantu abasebenzayo nabangenakuphikiswa. UCohen wayevame ukubaphikisa. Kepha akazange adlale izingoma. Wafunda izinkondlo kanye neprosese. Ekupheleni kwama-50s, ngathola udumo emibuthanweni emibhalo. Ngenxa yentando kaYise, imbongi encane ayidingi imali futhi yangena ebuhlokweni, ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa yimicabango yesinkwa.
UCohen wahlupheka impilo yakhe yonke ngokudangala. Ukubuyela emuva ngezikhathi ezithile, kepha kwabuya njalo. Mhlawumbe, ngenxa yokudangala okungamahlalakhona, umculi waseCanada kanye nembongi yakwazi ukudala izingoma ezaba uhlobo lwakudala. Izingoma zomculi zinoshukela futhi zidabukile, kepha zikhunjulwa kuze kube phakade.
UCohen wayenezinhlobonhlobo zokuxhumana. Kepha bekufanele ukubekezelela ukudangala, kwaphenduka ukwenqatshwa. Isikhathi sokutakula sokuqala kuma-biographies aseCoen ekuqaleni kwama-60s. Kwakuyisikhathi esithelayo. Esiqhingini sika-Idra, imbongi nomlobi bachitha iminyaka eyisikhombisa babhala izincwadi ezimbili: "Umdlalo owuthandayo", "abahle kakhulu." Mayelana noCohen njengomculi ofunde ngomculi ngo-1967.
Umculo
Ekuqaleni kwendlela yokwebhala, uCohen wadumeza ngemisebenzi yePrososa. Kepha izinkondlo zabhala njalo, ziqala nobusha bakhe. Ngo-1967, umbhali waseCanada waya ezifundeni, lapha waqala umsebenzi womculo. Ithandwa kuleyo minyaka izinkombandlela wayithanda kakhulu i-Folk-Rock. I- "Suzanna", ebhekisele emsebenzini wokuqala kaCohen, yaba yi-hit. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ingoma izwakala yenziwa yi-Star 60s. UJudy Collins. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, uSusanna waloba uNoel Harrison.
Kuze kube ngu-1970, imbongi, umlobi kanye nomculi bashicilela ama-albhamu amane. Ukufeza izingoma zayo esiteji okokuqala ngqa wenzeka ngo-1967. Kwenzeka eNewport, emcimbini we-Folk-Rock. Isikweletu saphenduka saphumelela. Umenzi onobuhlakani one-baritone ejulile ephansi wenza umbono ongafinyeleleki emphakathini. Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, ikhonsathi eNew York yenzeka. Wonke amathikithi athengiswa lapho ephuma.
E-70 Cohen yaqala ukunika amakhonsathi, yahlela uhambo eYurophu naseMelika. Ngo-1979, umculi wabhala i-albhamu "izingoma zakamuva". Ukubulawa komculi waseCanada kwaqala futhi kube lula. Kusetshenziswe amathuluzi ahlukahlukene emculweni: Kokubili isiginci, kanye ne-gypsy violin, kanye ne-mandolin.
Ngemuva kokushicilelwa "kwezingoma zakamuva" kwafika ikhefu leminyaka emihlanu. Lapho umculi ebuyela endaweni yesehlakalo, emsebenzini wakhe, abalandeli bathola izinhloso zefilosofi nezenkolo.
Ngo-1984, uLeonard Cohen waqopha ingoma ethi "Alliluya". Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuthandwa komculi kwawa ngandlela thile. Izinkampani zamarekhodi zaseMelika besaba ukubambisana neCoen. Kodwa-ke, i-albhamu lapho iculo elithi "Alliluya" langena ngalo, lalithandwa eCanada naseYurophu.
"Ngimangazwe ukuthobeka lapho izinkampani zase-US zikhangisa khona amarekhodi ami," kusho uLeonard Cohen ngemuva kolunye lokwenqatshwa.Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80s, ama-motifs ezenkolo athuthelwe ngemuva. ISarcasm ivele ezingomeni. Emakhonsathi, wanda wasebenzisa i-synthesizer. Ingqikithi esemqoka emsebenzini womculi waseCanada bekungukungalingani komphakathi, ubuzenzisi, ukukhaphela.
Maphakathi no-90s Cohen waphinde wanyamalala. Okwamanje kwathathwa yifilosofi yeBuddhism. Buyela kwabalandeli bembongi eneminyaka engama-70 baphoqa ukuntuleka kwemali: Umphathi uKelly Linchi wathumba izigidi ezinhlanu kwizikweletu zosaziwayo.
Umculi waqopha i-albhamu "izingoma ezintsha eziyishumi", ezibandakanya izingoma ezolile, ze-melanchoc. Thumela kusuka esiteji ku-90s Cohen waphoqa ingcindezi elandelayo. Waphuza amabhodlela amathathu ewayini, ebhema ugwayi ephaketheni. Izwi laba phansi ngisho nangaphansi, izithunzi ezintsha zithole. "Inkulungwane ukuqabula" - ingoma enesisusa esingelula - izwakala kuphela ngenxa yezwi le-hohen le-hohen. Ividiyo yengoma isuswa ngesisekelo se- "Malen" - idrama noMonica Bellucci endimeni eholayo.
Ngo-2008, eLondon Cohen aqoshwe ukuhlala eLondon. Isihloko sengoma ye-albhamu - "Dansa nami kuze kube sekupheleni kothando" - waba hit. Cishe ngalesi sikhathi, umculi wamemezela abalandeli bohambo olulindelwe isikhathi eside. UCohen wavakashela idolobha laseCanada naseYurophu. Ngo-2010, isikhathi sokuqala nesokugcina safika eRussia. I-Dlue Raincoat edumile futhi nevermind yizingoma ezimbili ezithandwayo zeminyaka yamuva.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni beCohen kwaholela ekuphileni kwaseBohemian. Ngazama ukujoyina ibhizinisi lomndeni, kodwa ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuqambi bokubhala baletha imali encane. Kuliqiniso, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-60s, kwakungekho ncwadi ka-cohen njengemiphumela yayo ye-eccentric.
Ngobudlelwano nabesifazane, umbhali akazange akhombise ukuthinta. Washintsha njalo othandekayo. Ukuze ujabule, kwesinye isikhathi wasebenzisa i-LSD. Umuthi wawungakavinjelwanga, izimbongi, abaculi, umqondisi kanye nezinye izinto zobuntu bokudala kwazama yena.
Ngawo-1960, uCohen waba noxhumano lwezothando noMarianna Ilen, anikezela esinye sezingoma zakhe zokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho uSuzanna Eled wavela empilweni yomculi, eyaba ngumkakhe. Ngokuphikisana nombono owamukelwa ngokujwayelekile, shaya "uSusanna" unikezelwe komunye umuntu wesifazane.
UCohen no-Elrod bahlukana ngo-1979. Umculi unezingane ezimbili: uLorca no-Adamu. Indodakazi yaqanjwa ngokuthi yimbongi ayithandayo, yaba ngumthwebuli wezithombe. Indodana ingumculi, i-vocalist yeqembu eliphansi lezigidi.
Kuma-80s, uCohen wayenenoveli ene-Dominic Dominic i-isrserman. French Womuntu waseFrance wabamba iqhaza ekudutshulweni kweziqeshana. Isithombe sikaDominica sihlobisa isembozo somculo wesihambi - Incwadi kaCohen, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1993. Owesifazane wokugcina empilweni yomculi nguRecca de Morny.
Ukushona
Ngo-Okthoba 2016, kukhishwe i-albhamu yokugcina - ufuna mnyama. Umculi waseCanada wabulawa nguLukemia amasonto amathathu ngemuva kokukhululwa. Angcwatshwe ezweni lakubo.
Ezinyangeni ezimbili ngemuva kokushona kwembongi nomculi eMontreal, kwanikezelwa ikhonsathi emsebenzini wakhe.
Ukwakhelekile
- Ngo-1967 - Izingoma zikaLeonard Cohen
- Ngo-1974 - Isikhumba esisha somcimbi wakudala
- Ngo-1977 - Ukufa komuntu weLadies '
- 1984 - Izikhundla ezahlukahlukene
- 1992 - Ikusasa
- 2001 - Izingoma Ezintsha eziyishumi
- Ngo-2009 - Phila eLondon
- 2010 - Izingoma ezivela emgwaqweni
- 2014 - Izinkinga ezithandwayo
- 2016 - Ufuna kube mnyama