Umlando Wemilingiswa
I-Viy isidalwa esivela ku-East Slavic Folklore, kanye nomlingiswa wegama elifanayo uNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, umbhali wemibhalo kusihlwa epulazini eliseduze naseDikanka "," Meyi Memown, noma ukuminza "nabanye. Ku-Mythology bekukholelwa ukuthi idemoni libulala ngokubuka kwakhe noma yimuphi umuntu ophilayo. Emihlosweni yendabuko, amehlo ezilo avalwa ngama-eyelashi amakhulu nama-eyelashes angeke akwazi ukukuphakamisa ngaphandle kosizo. UGogol unomlingiswa ofungelwa ezinye izinguquko ezingezona izinganekwane.Umlando Wokudalwa Komlingiswa
Umbhalo encwadini uNikolai Gogol ubhala ngomlando wokudalwa kwendaba ukuthi isisekelo somsebenzi sazibhekiswe yizinganekwane zabantu abazibonele ngabo kanye nalabo ababeseduze nabo. Izifundo zemibhalo ziphakamisa ukuhlola umlingiswa we-gogol njengenzalo yesidalwa esikwaziyo ukubulala ukubukeka. Abaphenyi baphawula ukuthi okushiwo igama elithi "VII" kuhlotshaniswa ne "BI" yase-Ukraine, okusho "ama-eyelashes".
Njengesisekelo se-etymological, igama elithi "ukuhlukunyezwa" libhekwa, ngoba izinyawo zezidalwa ziboniswa ngendlela yezimpande ezihlanganisiwe. Inganekwane yase-Ukraine ifunda: Ukuphakamisa izinkophe, usizo lwabantu abaningana lwaludingeka, imigodi yama-eyelashes adilizayo edemoni. Ingqondo yesilo iyakwazi ukucekela phansi impilo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuvuselela idolobha. Ezinye izazi-mlando zisho ukufana kwesithombe sabantu abanamandla, njengakwenye yezinganekwane, iqhawe elingafi nakho kwadingeka ukuthi lisakaze izinkophe zalolu mbumbulu.
Abaphenyi bobuciko bakaGogol babheka isithombe sikankulunkulu wamaqaba veles veles prototype viya. Walandelwa yiSonto Lobu-Orthodox. Ukuchazwa kokubukwa okubulalayo komlingiswa kuphenduka inganekwane ye-Saint Kasyan kanye ne-Sheudivy Bunyak. Bobabili babengabulala, besebenzisa ukubukeka. Esikhathini esifanayo, isithombe esibi kakhulu se-viya sivezwa. Ngaphansi kwalo, abase-Ukraine bavame ukuqonda ukuqonda okuhle kakhulu kwama-gnome ngamakhulu eminyaka, ehlela emhlabeni.
Kunelumeni lokuthi umfaniswano weViya utholakala ezinganeni zezizwe ezahlukene. I-Lithuanians Vieon ingumfakeli wemfuyo. E-Baltic Pantheon, kwakukhona unkulunkulu ogama lakhe linguVelce, antipode of Prune. EKiev Rus, isithombe sasePeren sasisemagqumeni, nesithombe sokhuni sama-veles - ezansi kwedolobha.
Nge-via futhi uzungu
Ngokwesakhiwo se-Gogol "Viya", iBursaki Kiev Seminary ihambile ekhaya. Amaqhawe amathathu - iHoma Brut, iHalyava noTiberius Goredets - balahlekelwa indlela efanele bese benquma ukubuza ubusuku epulazini eliseduzane. Bazolethwa yintokazi endala, ebeka isimo esingajwayelekile: bayonyundelwa ezindaweni ezahlukene. Khoma Bruut, owasala ubusuku ebusuku ezimvini zemvu, ulungele ukulala ngokushesha. Ngokuphazima kweso, kuvela isalukazi lapha, sigxuma emahlombe aseMhlangano futhi sahlukanisa umfana njenge-stallion.Kanye nomthwalo ongalindelekile, le nsizwa ifunga ngaphansi kwamazulu, ibona ukuthi umninikhaya wayengumthakathi. UHoma uthatha uNkulunkulu womthandazo, enomuzwa wokuthi amandla wesalukazi enza buthaka. Ngokuthuthukisa umzuzu, umfana ngokwakhe weqa ngemuva futhi aqale ukushaya okugcwele. Ukumemeza komthakathi, ukuwela phansi, futhi ngokuzumayo uBrut ubona phambi kwakhe ubuhle obusha. Ngokwesaba, iqhawe ligijimela eKiev.
Kamuva, umbhebhethekisi ubika ukuvakasha kwezikhundla ezithunyelwe ukuze athathe umfana ngekhulu lakhe elicebile ukuze avuseleleke indodakazi yakhe efile. Kwavela ukuthi yi-Pannochka ngaphambi kokuba afe efile yena. I-Sotnik emangazayo izama ukufunda indodakazi yazijwayeza, kepha odokotela uqobo abaqondi ukuthi intombazane yayingakwazi kuphi. Uma nje ubheka umufi, umfana ubona umthakathi kuso, yena uqobo asanda kushaya.
Ngaphambi kobumnyama, iqhawe lishonile nezindawo ezinabantu abakhuluma ngani i-pannachka ye-witch. Ebusuku, i-seminarist ishiywe yedwa nebhokisi esontweni. Umfo, athule azungeze umbuthano, aqala ukuthandaza egumbini. Ngobusuku, umufi ukhuphuka ukumbulala. Umbuthano ovikelayo waphenduka unogada wemilingo, ovumela ama-bursaku ukuba aphunyuke. Nge-Rooster yokuqala engekho emthethweni, intombazane ibuye iwele ebhokisini, elimboza imibhongo.
Ngosuku olulandelayo uKhoma ulala, ephuza i-HORET, futhi ngokuqala kobumnyama uyathula futhi acabange. Lapho i-seminarist ivaliwe esontweni, iphinde idonsele i-pollist, umbuthano wokonga ongavumeli i-pannachka ukuyithola. Ngalobu busuku, isonto yinye imimoya emibi, kepha iqhawe liyaqhubeka nokufunda imithandazo kuze kube yilapho iqhude liyathuka. Ngemuva kwenkonzo yesibili, isihluku sithathwe esontweni grey.
Umlingisi uthandazela induna yekhulu ukumvumela ukuthi ahambe, kepha usongela ukujezisa i-Homa. Ngobusuku besithathu, iPannochka, eqaphela ukuthi ngokwakhe ngeke bakwazi ukubhekana namabutho okuvikela omhlangano, kubiza uViya. UNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol uchaza isidalwa esimnandi ngedemoni eliyisiqeshana elinezinyawo ezinamandla. Konke akwehliselwa umhlaba, ubuso balona izinkophe ezinkulu, bewela emhlabeni. Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwesilo, iqembu leWolf liyezwakala. Iyakwazi ukubulala ukubukeka, kepha ukuqeda isivikelo ukuthi izintelezi zeSlavic zisekelwa.
UViy ufuna ukumvusa izinkophe, ezikwenza amademoni. Homa, aphoqa ukuthi angabheki lesi silo, asaphonse isilonda. I-Wiray ikhombisa indawo yeqhawe, futhi amademoni asakazeka nomhlangano, angezwa i-crock yokuqala yeqhude. IKhoma iyafa, nokusa konke okubi kuyanyamalala.
Indawo yesenzo umbhali akhetha ukulandisa ayijwayelekile. Isonto ngumqhubi womqhubi phakathi kwezwe lokuphila nabafileyo, isikhala esiba ngumlamuli ukuthi ukhona ngaphansi kwelanga nangaphansi komhlaba. Ukuchazwa kwesonto kugcizelela ukuthuthumela nokuzethusa. UGogol ukhuluma ngethempeli hhayi njengendlu engcwele, kodwa njengegumbi elimnyama elihlanjululwe, elihloselwe umzabalazo wokuhle nokubi.
Bheka kumafilimu
I-cinema yasekhaya inikezela izilaleli eziningi izivikelo ezihlungiwe ngosizi lomsebenzi kaNikolai Gogol. Uhlobo lomdwebo - imfihlakalo, inganekwane. Ama-movie abhekisela kuma-epochs ahlukene futhi akuvumele ukuthi uhlaziye ukwakheka kobuciko bemiphumela ekhethekile ekwakhelweni kwamafilimu waseSoviet naseRussia. Ngo-1909 kwaphuma itheyiphu yokuqala. Iphrojekthi kaVasily Goncharova yaba yifilimu yokuqala yezinsika ezidutshulwe eRussia. Kwakuyifilimu emfushane. Ngo-1916, uVladislav Ovelvevich wasuswa isithombe nge-Viy.
Isibuko esiphumelele kakhulu futhi esithandwa kakhulu sesakhiwo, esakhiwa uGogol, kwakuwukupenda kwango-1967. Wadalwa nguKonstantin Ershov noGeorge Kropachev, futhi abalingisi uNatalia Varley noLeonid Kuravlev babebeka izinkanyezi. Umqondisi wenza iphrojekthi ayilibaleki futhi yavunyelwa ukuzwa ukuhlanganiswa komgomo wothando futhi ongokoqobo isimilo somsebenzi wezemibhalo. Iteyipu ibhekwa njengefilimu yakudala "nge". Lesi sithombe sabona ababukeli abangama-30 abayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingama-30 ehhovisi lebhokisi, bakhumbula unomphela i-pannachka endizayo. Leli bhokisi lentengo lenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuqopha ngamakhophi amathathu.
Ngo-2014, i-3D-Film Oleg Stepchenko "Viy", lapho uValery Zoolotukhin obambe iqhaza khona, kanye nabalingisi abasebasha u-Alexey Chadov kanye ne-Agagia Ditkovskite. Umqondisi udale "ukufundwa" kwasekuqaleni kwe-gogol tale, ukubeka ama-accents amasha kuwo, wethula izindatshana ezintsha nezimpawu zamaqhawe. Ifilimu lifaka izingcaphuno ezivela embhalweni kaNikolai Gogol.
Ngo-2017, uJegor Baranov walungisa amaqhawe eGogol asebenza. Ngo-2018, umqondisi wanikela umphakathi emphakathini ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Gogol. Viy. " Indima yombhali kule filimu yadlalwa ngu-Alexander Petrov. Lesi sithombe sasimnandi futhi sithokozisayo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
Umsebenzi weGogol unezimfihlakalo eziningi, kanye namafilimu okudubula endabeni yendaba eqongelelwe amaqiniso athakazelisayo.- Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sesehlakalo ngo-1967 ngomdwebo, inqubo yehluleka, futhi umlingisi uNatalia Varley wawela ebhokisini. Ngethuba lenhlanhla, umenzi weqhaza lePannochka wathatha uLeonid Kuravlev.
- Ukudutshulwa kwefilimu kwaba khona ngokushesha emasontweni amathathu ase-Ukraine.
- Ngendima kaViya, umculi we-Circus Nikolai Stanov wamenywa. Amanye amademoni nawo enza nabaculi be-circus nabasubathi.
Amacaphuna
Ngisengisezinkopheni: Angiboni!I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1833 - "Viy"
Izics
- 1967 - "Viy"
- 1990 - "Indawo Engcwele"
- 2006 - "umthakathi"
- 2014 - "Viy"
- 2018 - "Gogol. Viy "